Rochus Church (Düsseldorf)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Church interior with entrance portal and forecourt with stylized yokes of the former nave.

The Catholic Church of St. Roch is located at Rochusmarkt 5 in the Pempelfort district of Düsseldorf . It is the successor to the Rochus Chapel , which was demolished at the end of the 19th century . The parish of the same name was founded in 1890/1891 and dissolved again on January 1, 2013, when it joined its historic “mother parish”, the Holy Trinity .

Original building

The neo-Romanesque Rochus Church was built between 1894 and 1897 according to plans by the architect Josef Kleesattel . It was consecrated in 1897 and used by the community. It stood in the series of St. Apostles in Cologne, showed several towers and three-storey apses on the nave and transept.

It was a three-aisled pillar-column basilica with a semicircular closed choir, which was decorated with a gallery. The three-aisled cross wings also had semicircular ends. A massive, octagonal tower 47 meters high rose above the crossing. The central nave was richly structured by triforiums and window arcades. The main tower, which still exists today, was presented to the central nave. What was remarkable about the tower were the portal and the entrance hall. East turrets were attached to both sides of the main choir. The organ stage extended over the upper tower floor and the entire first central nave yoke. The sacristy and ancillary rooms were in the recessed corners between the choir and the transept. The exterior surfaces were clad in tuff, the rest of the architecture was made of sandstone. The arcade columns of the central nave were made of Belgian granite. The construction costs amounted to 800,000 marks . The church had space for 3400 people.

The glass painter Alexander Linnemann created 13 glass windows for the church at the end of the 19th century. Sketches and old photos are in the Linnemann archive.

  • Original building of the Rochuskirche

  • Photo taken around 1900

  • Layout

  • Interior view of the aisle

  • Interior view of the gallery

  • Longitudinal section through the transept

  • Cross section through the longship

Today's church

Tower of the Rochuskirche
View into the dome of the Rochuskirche
Christ figure by Bert Gerresheim on the tower

After the destruction in World War II, the church initially remained in ruins. In 1950 the municipality decided not to rebuild the ruins, even if this would still have been possible. In 1953, with the exception of the bell tower, the ruins were finally blown up. However, the old church tower remained standing as a memorial with the shortened spire and the main portal removed.

The new church was designed by the parish priest (1947–1971) Peter-Heinrich Dohr and the statics calculated; the architect Paul Schneider-Esleben took over the execution. The construction was completed in August 1954. The church interior was replaced by a modern, egg-shaped dome around the former high altar. The building has a façade made of diamond-shaped bricks and is enlivened by a continuous wave band. The facade and the roof structure are separated by a narrow continuous light band. Over a three-pass floor plan, the parabolic shells come together in a steel frame construction to form a central dome. The dome consists of three buckled concrete shells that are 7 cm thick and support one another. They weigh on twelve thin pillars at the kink. The cover of the dome is made of sheet copper, the light green patina of which dominated the external appearance until a general renovation in the 1990s, the cover plates that were renewed at the time are surface-treated, and since then the church has been covered by a heavy copper-colored dome. The space between the church and the old tower now serves as a forecourt, and some style elements mark the course of the former nave.

Originally, Schneider-Esleben was supposed to take over the interior design of the new building, but Pastor Peter Dohr was able to win over the important sculptor Ewald Mataré . From 1955, Mataré, supported by his students, equipped St. Rochus with a foundation stone, baptismal font, pulpit, altar, sediles and several sacred objects.

The Rochuskirche has been a listed building since 1988 . In 1991 it was consecrated by Cardinal Joachim Meisner .

A crucifix (without cross) created by Bert Gerresheim in 1982 for the German Catholic Day is attached to the tower. It is dedicated to the Franciscan Father Maximilian Kolbe who was murdered in Auschwitz .

For Friedhelm Mennekes , the church is the "most radical church building since the Second World War".

organ

The organ was built in 1982 by the organ builder Walcker. The Kegelladen instrument has 23 stops on two manuals and a pedal . The playing and stop actions are electric.

I main work C–
Covered 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Wooden dacked 8th'
octave 4 ′
Coupling flute 4 ′
Field flute 2 ′
Mixture V
Trumpet 8th'
Tremulant
II Swell C–
Reed flute 8th'
Willow pipe 8th'
Principal flute 4 ′
Super octave 2 ′
Sif flute 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Scharff IV
Sesquialter II
oboe 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C–
Sub bass 16 ′
Dacked bass 16 ′
Principal bass 8th'
Dacked bass 8th'
Choral bass 4 ′
Bass flute 2 ′
Bassoon bass 16 ′

Bells

In 1924 the renowned Otto bell foundry from Hemelingen / Bremen cast a five-part bronze bell with a total weight of 14,247 kg for the St. Rochus Church. The strike tone row was: g sharp 0 - h 0 - c sharp '- d flat' - e '. The bell was confiscated and melted down during World War II. After the delivery of bells by Otto in 1955 and 1965, the Rochus Church again has a five-part bronze bell ringing with the following series of strikes: es '- ges' - as '- b' - ces ''. The bells have the following diameters: 1314 mm, 1150 mm, 1018 mm, 913 mm, 861 mm and weigh: 1350 kg, 975 kg, 675 kg, 500 kg, 410 kg.

literature

  • Architects and Engineers Association of Düsseldorf (ed.): Düsseldorf and its buildings. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, pp. 104-106.
  • Paul Ernst Wentz: Architecture Guide Düsseldorf. A guide to 95 selected buildings. Droste, Düsseldorf 1975, ISBN 3-7700-0408-6 , object no. 15th
  • Roland Kanz, Jürgen Wiener (ed.): Architectural guide Düsseldorf. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-496-01232-3 , p. 46, object no. 61 [Catholic Rochus Church, Rochusmarkt 5, 1894/98, 1953/55, Josef Kleesattel, Paul Schneider-Esleben].
  • Siegfried Gohr , Vanessa Sondermann: Ewald Mataré in Düsseldorf and the surrounding area. Published by the Akademie-Galerie - the new collection. Droste, Düsseldorf 2009, ISBN 978-3-7700-1355-5 , pp. 134–157.
  • Manfred Becker-Huberti (Ed.): Düsseldorf churches. The Catholic churches in the city dean of Düsseldorf. JP Bachem Verlag , Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-7616-2219-3 , pp. 120-121.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Catalog of works of the glass painting workshop Linnemann 1902, 1904 and 1906.
  2. ↑ the month, October 2012, p. 21. Ed. Catholic Church Community Association Derendorf Pempelfort (SBKZ 094), October 2012
  3. ^ V. Sondermann 2009, p. 136
  4. ↑ http://www.wz-newsline.de/lokales/duesseldorf/die-rettung-des-eierkopfes-nach-zwei-flaschen-rose-wein-1.2003730
  5. ↑ More information on the organ ( Memento of the original from December 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kirche-in-derendorf.de
  6. ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the bell founder Otto . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588, here in particular 303, 304, 305, 553 .
  7. ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen . Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556, here in particular S 271, 272, 273, 514 , urn : nbn: nl: ui: 22-2066 / 204770 (dissertation at Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen).

Web links

Commons : Rochuskirche  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 0 ″  N , 6 ° 47 ′ 19 ″  E