Romanos Melikjan

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Romanos Melikjan ( Armenian Ռոմանոս Հովակիմի Մելիքյան Romanos Howakimi Melikjan ; Russian Романос Овакимович Меликян Romanos Owakimowitsch Melikjan , scientific. Transliteration Romanos Ovakimovič Melikjan ; also Melikyan or Melikian * 1. October 1883 in Kizlyar , Russian Empire ; † the thirtieth March 1935 in Tbilisi , Georgian SSR , Soviet Union ) was an Armenian- Soviet composer.

Life

After attending school in the Armenian Rostov district of Nor-Nakhichevan and training at the Rostov-on-Don Music School , Melikjan worked as a choir director in Moscow from 1905 to 1907 and took lessons from Mikhail Ippolitow-Ivanov . In those years he had already started collecting and arranging folk songs. Commissioned by the Ethnographic Commission, he dealt with Armenian folklore in the Crimea and began studying at the Moscow People's Conservatory with Sergei Taneyev and Boleslaw Jaworskyj , which he had to give up in 1908 due to illness. In the same year he moved to Tbilisi and founded the Musical League , which later became the influential Armenian Music Society . From 1910 to 1914 Melikjan continued his studies at the St. Petersburg Conservatory with Vasily Kalafati and Maximilian Steinberg . In 1915 he returned to Tbilisi and in 1916 traveled with a delegation to the province of Van to help the local population after the genocide of the Armenians by the Turks . In 1918 Melikjan - after intermediate stops a. a. in Pyatigorsk - music director at the House of Armenian Culture in Moscow.

From 1920 he lived alternately in Tbilisi and Yerevan . With the support of the Soviet government, he founded a music studio in Yerevan in 1921, which later became the Komitas Conservatory in 1923 . In 1924/25 he founded a music school in Stepanakert , the then new capital of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast . Back in Tbilisi, he directed the music school at the House of Armenian Art ( Hayartun ). From 1926 he campaigned for the first opera performances of the composer Aleksandr Spendiarjan in Yerevan and in 1933 became a co-founder and first director of the Spendiarjan Opera and Ballet Theater there . Melikjan died in Tbilisi in March 1935, his tomb is in the Komitas Pantheon cemetery in Yerevan. The Romanos Melikyan Yerevan State Music College is named after the composer .

meaning

Melikjan was one of the pioneers and founding fathers of Armenian classical music . He wrote works for choir, solo voice and piano, especially romances and song cycles. His most famous romances include Rose , L'Automne , Le Saule and La Séparation Rose . Stylistically, he was rooted in the romantic and modal harmonies of Armenian folklore. Melikjan also made a decisive contribution to the rediscovery of the work of the Armenian composer Komitas Vardapet , and thus set impulses for newer Armenian music. With his folk song arrangements, he exerted a great influence on subsequent generations of composers.

literature

  • Svetlana Sarkisyan:  Melikʿyan. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 11 (Lesage - Menuhin). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2004, ISBN 3-7618-1121-7  ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
  • Svetlana Korjunovna Sarkissjan: Melikjan, Romanos Owakimowitsch . In: Juri Wsewolodowitsch Keldysch (ed.): Musykalnaja Enziklopedija . Sowetskaja enziklopedija and Sowetski kompositor, Moscow 1982 (Russian, academic.ru [accessed November 2, 2019]).
  • K'narik Grigorjan: Romanos Melik'yan. Hodvacner, namakner, howšer . Haykakan SSH GA Hratar, Yerevan 1977, OCLC 312979406 (Armenian, 231 p.).

Web links

Commons : Kisljar  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d Armenian National Education Committee: Birth of Romanos Melikian October 1, 1883. In: This Week In Armenian History. October 1, 2018, accessed November 2, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Svetlana Sarkisyan:  Melikʿyan. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 11 (Lesage - Menuhin). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2004, ISBN 3-7618-1121-7  ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
  3. ↑ a b c d Romanos Mélikian from: Encyclopédie de l'Arménie soviétique. Volume VII, p. 389, Erévan 1981 (French)
  4. ↑ a b Svetlana Sarkisyan:  Melik'ian, Romanos Hovakimi. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
  5. ↑ Melikjan, Romanos Owakimowitsch on: dic.academic (Russian)
  6. ↑ Manuk Manukyan: Music of Armenia . In: Ellen Koskoff u. a. (Ed.): The Concise Garland Encyclopedia of World Music . tape 2 . Routledge, New York, London 2008, ISBN 978-0-415-97293-2 , Romanos Melikyan, pp. 848 (English, full text in Google Book Search [accessed November 2, 2019]).
personal data
SURNAME Melikjan, Romanos
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Melikjan, Romanos Howakimi (full name); Melikjan, Romanos Owakimowitsch
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Armenian composer
DATE OF BIRTH October 1, 1883
PLACE OF BIRTH Kisljar , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH March 30, 1935
Place of death Tbilisi , Georgian SSR , Soviet Union