Pale blubber

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Pale blubber
2012-08-29 Russula galochroa (Fr.) Fr 256223.jpg

Pale Bluebird ( Russula galochroa )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Russulales (Russulales)
Family : Deaf relatives (Russulaceae)
Genre : Russulas ( Russula )
Type : Pale blubber
Scientific name
Russula galochroa
( Fr. ) Fr.

The pale deafening ( Russula galochroa ), sometimes also called ivory deafening, is a fungus from the family of the deaf relatives (Russulaceae). It is characterized by very pale and undefined hat colors as well as light cream-colored, slightly sharp lamellae, which branch out strongly near the stem. Furthermore, the mushroom is quite large and strong. It's relatively rare.

features

Macroscopic features

The hat is milky to ivory white and sometimes stained with rust. It can also be ocher, gray or, especially in old age, a little reddish flesh, so that it is sometimes reminiscent of the flesh-red edible deaf ( R. vesca ). Towards the edge the colors go indefinitely into flesh pink to olive tones. The hat is dry and without shine. It is initially hemispherical in shape. In old age it flattens out and forms a more or less depressed center. It is then shaped a little like a funnel. It reaches a diameter between four and eight centimeters. Its consistency is firm and the surface is smooth and bare. The cap skin is sometimes provided with radial veins and is fine to grainy and velvety. It can be pulled off to about the middle. The edge is blunt and almost rounded and smooth or slightly grooved.

The lamellas are dull cream-colored. They are not crowded and have connections. They are heavily branched near the stem. The leaves are partially grown or partially bulged and run down with a tooth. When drying or if they are injured, they turn slightly yellow.

The stalk is whitish in color, sometimes with rust spots and covered with fine veins. It reaches a length of two to five and a thickness of 1.5 to 2 centimeters. It is usually shorter than the width of the hat. Fine longitudinal veins can be seen on the surface. The consistency is relatively firm, less rigid and full. The flesh is whitish and smells a little like cedar, similar to the hard cinnabar ( R. rosea ). It tastes mild or bitter and a little bit pungent in the lamellae. With iron sulfate and phenol , it turns dirty red-brown.

The spore powder is cream-colored to butter-yellow.

Microscopic features

The spores are pale and with 6–8 × 5.5–7 micrometers rounded to broadly elliptical in shape. The surface is dotted or tiny. Quite often, longer and branched ridges can be found that appear like thorn branches. There are numerous cystids . They have a lanceolate shape with cone-shaped or appendage-shaped pointed or blunt ends.

Species delimitation

Can be confused with the fading blubber ( R. exalbicans ). However, this often has a relatively strong red hat color. The hat skin is a bit shiny for a long time and is difficult to peel off. The transition to the edge is sharper. The Mehlstiel-Täubling ( R. farinipes ) can be similar , whose fruiting bodies taste hot everywhere.

ecology

The pale Täubling can be found in light beech forests , especially in woodruff , barley and sedge-beech forests . It is also found in corresponding mixed oak forests such as oak-hornbeam and hardwood meadows , on the edges of forests , as well as in parks and gardens. The fungus colonizes dry to moderately fresh, mildly humus brown loam rendzinen, terra fusca and brown limestone soils as well as dry summer soils. These are weakly to strongly alkaline, base-rich and moderately supplied with nutrients and sometimes acidic on the surface. The starting rocks are limestone , marl , gravel and base-rich silicates .

The pale deaf fungus is a mycorrhizal fungus that forms a symbiosis with deciduous trees, especially red beech , oak and birch . The fruiting bodies typically appear in mid-summer from July to September.

distribution

European countries with evidence of finding of the pale taublin.
Legend:
  • Countries with found reports
  • Countries without evidence
  • no data
  • non-European countries

    • The Pale Täubling is a very rare fungus that is common in Europe and North Africa (Morocco). It was also found in North America (USA). In Europe it occurs mainly in France and Germany, it is even rarer in southern Northern Europe, where it can be found in Denmark, Sweden and Finland.

    In Germany, the species is mainly found in the south (Saarland, Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria). Occasionally it occurs in Hessen, Rhineland-Palatinate and in the south of North Rhine-Westphalia, everywhere it is the same or very rare.

    Systematics

    Sometimes the olive gray blubber ( R. faustiana ) is distinguished. Its taxonomic position is still questionable. Within the species (intraspecific) there is a var. Subterfurcata , which has smaller spores.

    meaning

    The pale deafbling is edible.

    literature

    • Alfred Einhellinger: The genus Russula in Bavaria . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . 3. Edition. tape 112 . Berlin / Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-443-59056-X , p. 87 .

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ Z. Tkalcec, A. Mesic: Preliminary checklist of Agaricales from Croatia V: . Families Crepidotaceae, Russulaceae and Strophariaceae. In: Mycotaxon . tape 88 , 2003, ISSN  0093-4666 , p. 293 ( cybertruffle.org.uk ).
    2. ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula galochroa. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
    3. ↑ Pertti Salo, Tuomo Niemelä, Ulla Nummela-Salo: SY769 Suomen helttasienten ja tattien ekologia, levinneisyys ja uhanalaisuus . (Finnish lamellar and tube mushrooms: ecology, distribution and threat status). Ed .: Esteri Ohenoja. 2005, ISBN 952-11-1997-7 (Finnish, ymparisto.fi [PDF]).
    4. ↑ a b Worldwide distribution of Russula galochroa. In: data.gbif.org. Retrieved August 19, 2011 .
    5. ↑ Elias Polemis et al .: Mycodiversity studies in selected ecosystems of Greece: 5. (PDF; 330 kB) Basidiomycetes associated with woods dominated by Castanea sativa (Nafpactia Mts., Central Greece). In: Mycotaxon 115 / mycotaxon.com. 2008, p. 16 ff , accessed on August 22, 2011 .
    6. ^ German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder, Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg. Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 453.
    7. ↑ Grid map of Russula galochroa. In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Retrieved February 18, 2014 .
    8. ^ Russula galochroa in the PILZOEK database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 19, 2011 .
    9. ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved February 18, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsl.ch

    Web links

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