Rod-shaped milkweed

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Rod-shaped milkweed
Rod-shaped Spurge (Euphorbia virgata)

Rod-shaped Spurge ( Euphorbia virgata )

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Malpighiales (Malpighiales)
Family : Spurge Family (Euphorbiaceae)
Genre : Spurge ( Euphorbia )
Type : Rod-shaped milkweed
Scientific name
Euphorbia virgata
Waldst. & Kit.

The tail-shaped spurge ( Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. , Syn .: Euphorbia waldsteinii (Sojak) Radcl.-Sm. ), Or also called tail spurge , is a plant species that belongs to the family of the same name, the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). Some authors also call it a subspecies. tommasiniana to donkey milkweed ( Euphorbia esula ).

Occurrence

The rod-shaped milkweed is much less common in Europe than previously thought. From the middle of the 19th century onwards, a similar-looking species of milkweed spread across Europe from the Pannonian Basin, which was mistaken for tailed milkweed. It is currently called by the scientific name Euphorbia pseudovirgata and the German name Schein-Ruten-Wolfsmilch. The scientific name is probably invalid for formal reasons; it may have to be Euphorbia virgultosa Klokow . Some authors put all of these clans as donkey wolf milk ( Euphorbia esula ) and classify them with a number of subspecies. The clan Euphorbia pseudovirgata is probably a stabilized hybrid of virgata and esula and can be distinguished from the real rod-shaped spurge on the leaf cut: the leaves are not stalked and more parallel-sided.

The real rod-shaped milkweed is restricted to the Near East-Eastern European area and only occurs in a few places in Bavaria and Thuringia in Germany. It grows mainly on ruderal sites such as roadsides, near railroad tracks, or on the banks of lakes. It grows in societies of the associations Dauco-Melilotion or Cirsio-Brachypodion. In Europe it is considered a neophyte . According to R. Govaerts, their distribution area extends from central and southern Europe to Afghanistan.

description

The rod-shaped milkweed is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of up to 60 cm. It survives the winter as a hemicryptophyte under the leaf layer. It has a poisonous latex. The alternate leaves are narrowly lanceolate in shape.

Rod-shaped Spurge ( Euphorbia virgata ), inflorescence

The bracts are wider than they are long and about 3 to 7 mm wide. The flowers are arranged in a sheen and emerge from it in multiple rays. It is mostly pollinated by flies. The capsule fruits are slightly dotted and rough to the touch. Their seeds, on the other hand, are smooth.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Jelitto / Schacht / Simon: Die Freilandschmuckstauden , p. 350, Verlag Eugen Ulmer & Co., 5th edition 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3265-6 .
  2. ↑ cf. Identification aid for the vascular plants of Bavaria ( Memento from December 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 639.
  4. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Euphorbia virgata. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 21, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Rod-shaped Spurge ( Euphorbia virgata )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files