Sakhalinskaya zheleznaya doroga
The Sakhalinskaja seleznaja doroga ( Russian Сахалинская железная дорога ) was a branch of the Russian Railways (RŽD) from 1992 to 2010 , whose route network was on the Russian Pacific island of Sakhalin . The administrative seat was Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk .
This article describes, regardless of their organizational structure, the railway lines on Sakhalin from their construction from 1904 to the current situation.
history
Railway construction on Sakhalin Island began after the Russo-Japanese War (1904–05), as a result of which the southern part of the island was ceded to Japan according to the Treaty of Portsmouth . On the Japanese part of the island, a narrow-gauge railway line from Korsakow (then Japanese Otomari ) to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk ( Toyohara ) of 42.5 km in length and 600 mm gauge was built. The line was later re-gauged to the usual Japanese width of 1067 mm ( Cape gauge ). In 1911 a branch line from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk to Starodubskoje (53.5 km long) was built. From 1918 to 1921 the places Newelsk ( Honto ), Cholmsk ( Maoka ), Chekhov ( Noda ) and Tomari ( Tomarioru ) were connected to the route network.
After the Second World War , as a result of which the southern part of Sakhalin also fell to the Soviet Union , the existing lines and the running material (such as steam and diesel locomotives ) were taken over by the Soviet railways . Most of the wagons used came from the inventory of the Soviet railway and were converted for use on the narrow-gauge rail network. Specifically for use on Sakhalin were the locomotive plant in Lyudinovo the diesel TG16 and TG21 built.
The network, which was also expanded to Nogliki in the north of the island during the Soviet era, had a length of 1,072 km in 1992. In 2006, 805 km were still in operation. The decline can be explained by the closure of little-used sections of the route, e.g. B. between Datschnoje and Aniwa and between Dolinsk and Starodubskoje .
In 1992 the Sakhalinskaya schelesnaja doroga was detached from the Dalnewostochnaja schelesnaja doroga and became an independent railway company under the supervision of the Ministry of Transport (MPS). When RŽD was founded as a joint stock company in 2003, it became one of its branches. In 2009 the Sakhalinskaya schelesnaja doroga was dissolved as a branch and taken over again by the Dalnewostochnaja schelesnaja doroga.
Connection to the mainland network
At the beginning of the 1950s, the construction of a railway tunnel under the Tatar Sound , which was to connect Sakhalin with the mainland, began. However, the construction work was soon canceled. To this day, it is the intention of the Russian government to complete this project. Alternatively, the construction of a bridge is currently planned. According to optimistic estimates, a new bridge to be built could be inaugurated between 2030 and 2035. Critical voices also consider the construction of a bridge to be realistic.
ferry
A railway ferry is operated between Vanino and Cholmsk to connect to the Russian mainland rail network. Due to the different track widths, an axle change was necessary until 2019.
Two 130-meter-long ferries are currently under construction for the railway ferry at the Amurski SSZ shipyard in Komsomolsk , which are to be commissioned in 2020.
Re-gauging to 1520 mm
Work on converting the island's route network to the gauge of 1,520 mm that is common in Russia has largely been completed.
On July 18, 2019, the first long-distance train reached Nogliki on the re-tracked route.
On August 30, 2019, further sections of the route were opened to traffic. These are the routes Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Tomari , Tomari - Cholmsk and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Korsakov . In local traffic, newly constructed railcars of the RA-3 series are used in cooperation with Metrowagonmasch and Italdesign .
The completion of the remaining work on re-gauging is planned for 2020.
museum
The railway museum Musei Istorii Sakhalinskoi Schelesnoi Dorogi ("Museum of the History of the Sakhalin Railway") is located in the immediate vicinity of the main train station of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk with a large number of exhibits, also in the open air, from the railway history of Sakhalin.
gallery
See also
Web links
- Russian Railways (RŽD) (Russian)
- Sakhalinskaya zheleznaja doroga (RŽD) (Russian)
- Sakhalin Railway schedules (English)
- Photo - project «Steam Engine» (Russian)
- private "Sakhalinskaya seleznaja doroga" S. Bolashenko (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Сахалинская железная дорога войдет в состав ДВЖД ( Memento of the original from January 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ RT DE Productions GmbH: Moscow wants to build a bridge between Sakhalin Island and the Russian mainland. December 9, 2019, accessed February 3, 2020 .
- ↑ owc publisher of Foreign Trade GmbH: Experts criticize infrastructure plans of the Russian government. June 13, 2019, accessed February 3, 2020 .
- ↑ Germany Trade and Invest - Society for Foreign Trade and Location Marketing mbH: Better infrastructure for Russia's largest island Sakhalin. August 13, 2019, accessed February 4, 2020 .
- ^ Trans-Europe Express LLC: The gauge change on Sakhalin Island's railway line. July 23, 2019, accessed February 2, 2020 .
- ↑ RZD: Российская колея по всему Сахалину: движение открыто. August 30, 2019, accessed February 1, 2020 (Russian).
- ↑ Italdesign: Railbus RA-3 the new convenient and technological mobility project for unelectrified railways. Italdesign Giugiaro SpA, accessed February 1, 2020 .
- ↑ a b RailTech: New Russian railbus Expands geography of routes. ProMedia Group, October 18, 2019, accessed February 1, 2020 .
- ↑ ruspekh.ru, РИА «Руспех» .: Музей истории Сахалинской железной дороги. Retrieved February 4, 2020 (Russian).