Dalnewostochnaja zheleznaja doroga

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Administration building of the Far East Railway in Khabarovsk

The Dalnewostochnaja schelesnaja doroga ( Russian Дальневосто́чная желе́зная доро́га , "Far Eastern" or "Far East Railway") is an independent branch of the Russian Railways (RŽD). It emerged from the regional directorate of the same name of the RŽD and the former Soviet Railways (SŽD) and the Ministry of Transport (MPS).

Operational data and organization

The Far Eastern Railway, based in Khabarovsk operates railway lines the track width mm 1520 ( broad gauge ) with an operating length of 5991 kilometers, mainly in the Far Eastern Federal District ( Primorye , Khabarovsk , Jewish Autonomous Oblast , Amur Oblast , Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Sakhalin ).

To the west are the routes of the Transbaikal and the East Siberian Railway . At Pogranitschny ( Grodekowo station ) the Far East Railway operates a rail border crossing to Suifenhe , People's Republic of China , and at Chassan another to Tumangan , North Korea .

In 2008 51.7 million tons of goods, 5.0 million long-distance passengers and 20.0 million suburban traffic were carried. In the same year the railway had 50,331 employees. Mikhail Saitschenko is the head of the branch.

The Far East Railway is divided into five subdivisions ( otdelenija ): Khabarovsk, Vladivostok , Komsomolsk , Sakhalin and Tynda .

In the area of ​​the Far East Railway, there is also the disused line from Selichino , which was to be led through a tunnel to the island of Sakhalin in the 1950s. In recent years, attempts have been made to resume route and tunnel construction. It was also planned to extend the route from Birobidzhan to Leninsk in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast over a new Amur bridge to Tongjiang in the People's Republic of China from 2009 in order to establish a further connection to the local rail network.

history

The first line in the area of ​​today's Far East Railway ran from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok, was opened between 1891 and 1897 and was initially divided between the North Ussuri Railway and the South Ussuri Railway . Since the completion of the Amur Railway in 1916, this connection has been part of the main line of the Trans-Siberian Railway . The administrations were later combined to form the Ussuri Railway , from which the Far East Railway emerged in 1936 when a regional administration called the Amur Railway was split off again .

As a result, there were further organizational changes. Between 1939 and 1953, an independent Primorye Railway based in Voroshilov (now Ussuriysk) was spun off, and from 1963 to 1992 the Sakhalin Railway was part of the Far East Railway. The Far East Railway has existed in its current expansion since the end of 1996, when the eastern part of the previously independent Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM) was assigned to it. In 1992 the Sakhalinskaya zhelesnaja doroga was spun off as an independent railway company.

The electrification of the Far East Railway began with the commissioning of the Vladivostok - Ussuriysk section with 25 kV 50  Hz alternating current in 1962/63. In the area of ​​the Far East Railway, the electrification of the Trans-Siberian Railway was completed in 2002 with the commissioning of the 164-kilometer section from Guberowo (near Dalneretschensk ) to Svyagino (near Spassk-Dalni ).

In 2010 the Sakhalinskaya zhelesnaja doroga was reintegrated into the Dalnewostochnaja zhelesnaja doroga. The route length in 2010 was 5990.6 km, the number of employees 44,367. 4.168 million people were transported in long-distance transport and 10.992 million people in local transport, as well as 43.340 million tons of goods.

stretch

The main routes of the Far East Railway are:

  • Trans-Siberian Railway (section from Archara , route kilometer 8080 (including, transition to the Transbaikal Railway) to the end point Vladivostok, km 9289; electrified with alternating current 25 kV 50 Hz; double-track; the Amur is crossed by a single-track bridge near Khabarovsk and a good one seven kilometers long single-track tunnel crossed)
  • Baikal-Amur Magistrale (BAM; section from Chani , route kilometers 1864 (including, transition to the East Siberian Railway) to Komsomolsk on the Amur , km 3819; not electrified; single-track) as well as the subsequent route to Vanino and Sovetskaya Gawan (468 km; not electrified; single track)
  • Cross connections between Transsib and BAM:
  • Ugolnaja  - Nachodka and further to the seaports there (approx. 190 km; electrified 25 kV / 50 Hz ~; single track)
  • Ussuriysk - Grodekowo (to the border crossing to Suifenhe, China; about 120 km; not electrified; single track)
  • Baranowski - Chassan (to the border crossing to Tumangan, North Korea; about 240 km; not electrified; single track)
  • Korsakow - Nogliki (formerly Sakhalinskaya schelesnaja doroga , track width 1067 mm and new 1520 mm)

swell

literature

  • G. Afonina: Kratkie svedenija o razvitii otečestvennych železnych dorog s 1838 po 1990 g. MPS, Moscow 1995 ( Brief information on the development of the national railways from 1838 to 1990 ; Russian).
  • V. Burkova, V. Zuev (eds.): Dal ʹ nevostočnaja magistral ʹ Rossii . Častnaja kollekcija, Chabarowsk 1997, ISBN 5-7875-0002-4 ( The Far Eastern Main Line of Russia ; Russian).
  • Istorija železnodorožnogo transporta Rossii. Tom 1 (1836-1917 gg.) . PGUPS, Saint Petersburg 1994, ISBN 5-85952-005-0 ( History of Russian Railways. Volume 1 (1836–1917) ; Russian).
  • Istorija železnodorožnogo transporta Rossii I Sovetskogo Sojuza. Tom 2 (1917-1945 gg.) . PGUPS, Saint Petersburg 1997, ISBN 5-85952-005-0 ( History of rail traffic in Russia and the Soviet Union. Volume 2 (1917–1945) ; Russian).
  • Železnodorožnyj transport. Ėncyklopedija . Bolʹšaja Rossijskaja Ėncyklopedija, Moscow 1995, ISBN 5-85270-115-7 ( Railway Transport : Encyclopedia ; Russian).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Data on the official website of the Russian Railways ( Memento of the original from October 18, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Russian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / branch.rzd.ru
  2. ↑ Report on the RŽD website of October 30, 2008 (Russian)
  3. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from January 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rzd-partner.ru
  4. ↑ Overview on the website of the Dalnewostochnaja zelesnaja doroga (Russian)