Severnaya zheleznaya doroga

Administrative building of the Northern Railway on the Volga promenade in Yaroslavl

The Severnaya schelesnaja doroga ( Russian Се́верная железная дорога , literally "Northern Railway") is an independent branch of the Russian State Railways (RŽD) with a nearly 6000 km long route network in the northeast of the European part of Russia . The administrative headquarters of the company is located in Yaroslavl , operated by the Severnaya doroga schelesnaja routes are the oblasts Yaroslavl , Kostroma , Ivanovo , Vologda and Arkhangelsk and the Republic of Komi distributed.

history

The year 1859 can be assumed to be the beginning of the Russian Northern Railway, when the construction of the railway line from Moscow to the monastery town of Sergiev Posad, 75 km northeast of it, began by the then private company of the Moscow-Yaroslavl Railway . This first line, which is now part of the Moscow Railway Network , went into operation in 1862, making it one of the oldest railway lines in Russia. In September 1868, the Ivanovo - Shuja line, the oldest line from today's Northern Railroad network, was completed, and a year and a half later the line from Moscow to Sergiyev Posad was extended northeast to Yaroslavl. Of the Moscow-Yaroslavl line, which is now a section of the Trans-Siberian Railway , the section between Rostov and Yaroslavl belongs to the Northern Railway.

Northern Railway Route Map (in Russian)

A. Borsig, Berlin: 2x × / 3 licensed tender locomotive for 1067 mm gauge for Jaroslaw – Vologda – Archangelsk, built in 1895

By the end of the 19th century, at the time when railway construction became more and more popular in the Russian Empire , further lines of today's northern railway were built, including in 1887 from Yaroslavl via Nerechta to Kostroma and in 1897 a narrow-gauge line (which was converted to standard gauge by 1916 was) from Vologda to Arkhangelsk . By 1907, when the railway network of the Russian north, now in state ownership, was given the uniform designation Northern Railway , it had already been expanded to a total length of almost 2,000 kilometers.

In the early Soviet period , the route network was not expanded for a long time, despite its enormous importance for the transport of people and goods during the Russian Civil War . The first major expansion came in 1942 with the commissioning of the first section of the North Pechora Railway , which for the first time connected areas north of the Arctic Circle to the Soviet railway network.

A number of lines on the Northern Railway have been electrified since the 1920s, and especially in the post-war period.

Today's operation

The Severnaya schelesnaja doroga is divided into five regional departments ( Arkhangelsk , Yaroslavl , Solvytschegodsk , Sosnogorsk and Vologda ), to which a route network of a total of around 5960 km belongs. In 2008, the Nordeisenbahn had 54,452 employees; around 9.4 million people were transported in long-distance transport, 19.2 million passengers in local transport and 69.2 million tons of freight in freight transport.

Web links

• Official website of Severnaya seleznaya doroga (Russian)
• On the history of the Northern Railway (Russian)
• Route diagram with stations to download (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Data on the official website of the RŽD ( memento of the original from October 17, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.