Pogranichny (Primorye)

Urban-type settlement Pogranichny Пограничный Federal district far East region Primorye Rajon Pogranichny Founded 1898 Earlier names Grodekowo (1898-1958) Urban-type settlement since 1936 population 10,280 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 180  m Time zone UTC + 10 Telephone code (+7) 42345 Post Code 692580-692582 License Plate 25, 125 OKATO 05 232 551 Geographical location Coordinates 44 ° 24 '  N , 131 ° 23'  E Coordinates: 44 ° 24 '30 "  N , 131 ° 22' 30"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in the Primorye region

List of large settlements in Russia

Pogranitschny ( Russian Пограни́чный ) is an urban-type settlement in the Primorye region ( Russia ) with 10,280 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The settlement is located about 150 km north-northwest of the regional capital Vladivostok on the edge of along the 10 km from border with the People's Republic of China extending the low mountain range , the forested ridge west of the settlement with the mountain Tamoschennaja ( inch mountain) at an altitude of over 700  m achieved in the upper reaches of the Nesterowka river (formerly Tachejasch) in the catchment area of Lake Chankasee .

Pogranitschny is the administrative center of the Pogranitschny Rajon of the same name .

history

The history of the place begins with the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway from 1898, which, as the last section of the original route of the Trans-Siberian Railway, connected Transbaikalia across the territory of the then Chinese Empire ( Manchuria ) with the Primorye region, where it connected to the already in Nikolsk previously completed Ussuri Railway Vladivostok - Khabarovsk received. At the site of today's settlement, the first major train station along the route on Russian territory east of Manchuria and in 1908 a Cossack stanitsa , which were named Grodekowo and Grodekowskaja after the governor-general of the Amur region, Nikolai Grodekow , were built.

After the October Revolution of 1917 and the civil war that followed, the train station and location were repeatedly in the hands of “red” and “white” troops or partisans. From 1920 to July 1921 there was the headquarters of the white units of the Ussuric Cossacks under General ( Ataman ) Ju. Savitski, who fought against the communist buffer state Far Eastern Republic .

As part of an administrative reform, Grodekowo became the administrative center of a Rajons on January 4, 1926 . In 1936 the place received the status of an urban-type settlement and in 1958 the current name (about Grenzsiedlung, from Russian graniza for border).

Population development

year	Residents
1903	754
1914	1,613
1939	5,932
1959	11,024
1970	9,752
1979	10,098
1989	11,333
2002	12,221
2010	10,280

Note: from 1939 census data

Economy and Infrastructure

In Pogranitschny as the center of an agricultural area, businesses in the food industry predominate.

Although the main line of the Trans-Siberian Railway has bypassed Manchuria to the north on Russian territory since the First World War , the route via Pogranitschnaja to China again plays an important role. At the place is the station Grodekowo (route km 97 from Ussuriysk ) and a few kilometers southeast of the freight yard Grodekowo II (km 90).

The regional road A184 from Ussuriysk on the M60 Khabarovsk – Vladivostok road to the Chinese border also leads via Pogranitschny ; from there via Suifenhe, a few kilometers further, towards Harbin . The border railway stations and the road border crossing are also important economic factors.

Personalities

• Leonid Jarmolnik (* 1954 in Grodekowo), theater and film actor
• Arseni Nesmelow (actually Arseni Mitropolski; 1889–1945), writer and journalist of the “white” Russian emigration; died in Grodekowo

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Pogranitschny on the website of the Geographical Institute of the RAN (Russian)
3. ↑ The Ussuric Cossacks in the revolutions of 1917 and in the civil war in the Far East ( Memento of the original from September 17, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on a website of the Astrakhan Cossacks (Russian) 

Web links

• Pogranichny Raion Administration website (Russian)
• Photos of Pogranitschny ( Memento from March 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive )