Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

Toyohara is a redirect to this article. For the Japanese painter see Toyohara Kunichika .

city Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk жно-Сахалинск flag coat of arms Federal district far East Oblast Sakhalin Urban district Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mayor Andrei Lobkin Founded 1882 Earlier names Vladimirovka, Toyohara City since 1946 surface 877  km² population 181,728 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 207 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 40  m Time zone UTC + 11 Telephone code (+7) 4242 Post Code 693000-693023 License Plate 65 OKATO 64 401 Website yuzhno.sakh.ru Geographical location Coordinates 46 ° 57 '  N , 142 ° 44'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 57 '0 "  N , 142 ° 44' 0"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in Sakhalin Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk ( Russian Ю́жно-Сахали́нск  [ jʉ̞ʐnɐsaxalʲɪnsk ] ) is the administrative center and largest city of Sakhalin Oblast on the island of Sakhalin in the Far East of Russia with 181,728 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) .

geography

View over the city

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is located in the south of the Sakhalin Island , on the Sussuja River . The distance to Moscow is about 6660 km as the crow flies.

The city is subordinate to 10 villages, including the former urban-type Sinegorsk, with a total of 7549 inhabitants. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is the only major city on the island.

history

In 1882 the village Wladimirowka (Russian Влади́мировка ) was founded on the site of the current city.

From 1905 to 1945 the place was called Toyohara ( Japanese 豊 原 市 , - shi ) and was under Japanese rule. It was the administrative center of Karafuto Prefecture in southern Sakhalin. The Japanese built the railway in the south with a narrower gauge than the Russian railway line in the north. The southern part of Sakhalin had gone to Japan as a result of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 that Russia had lost . Thousands of Koreans , mainly from the southern provinces, came to Sakhalin Island before 1945. Today the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk City Museum is housed in the only remaining building from the time of the Japanese administration.

In 1945, South Sakalin went back to the Soviet Union . While the Japanese were withdrawn from the Sakhalin area, many Koreans had to stay because after 1947/52 they had neither Japanese nor Soviet citizenship. Many hoped to return to Korea and therefore refused USSR citizenship. In 1946 Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk was granted the Soviet town charter, and it received its current name, derived from its location in the south of Sakhalin.

It was not until 1990, after diplomatic relations had been established between Russia and South Korea , that efforts to return the Koreans to their homeland began. The Japanese government financed the construction of a retirement home in the south of the Korean peninsula and a residential area in the city of Ansan . Around 2,000 first-generation Koreans then moved there from Sakhalin.

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  Prefectural Administration

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  Vladimirovka at the end of the 19th century

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  Toyohara (1930s)

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  Toyohara Post Office, 1930

Population development

year	Residents
1925	15,280
1935	28,459
1959	85,510
1970	105,840
1979	139,861
1989	159,299
2002	175.085
2010	181,728

Note: census data

economy

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Airport

Important branches of industry in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk are fishing and processing, furniture manufacturing, mechanical engineering, light and food industries. The city has an airport and is the seat of the airline Aurora Airlines . Oil and gas were discovered.

The environmental damage caused by oil production as of December 2012 can be identified by the mixing of the groundwater with oil, extensive fish deaths, desertification of meadows and the disproportionate number of cancer diseases among the locals.

The Sakhalin II project is investing around US $ 20 billion to develop an estimated 150 million tons of oil and 500 billion cubic meters of gas reserves. A gas liquefaction plant with a capacity of 9.6 million tons per year is to be built in the south of Sakhalin Island. Oil rigs are to open up the continental shelf of Sakhalin and a pipeline is to be built along the entire island from north to south. However, Sakhalin Island is an area at risk from earthquakes and volcanoes.

There is a monitoring station of the SDKM system on site .

Culture

The city has a local history museum, an art museum and the Chekhov Theater. The island of Sakhalin by Anton Chekhov describes the forced labor in the tsarist empire in the form of a travelogue and is part of world literature. The writer visited Korsakov in 1890 and started his journey home to Moscow from there.

education

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is the seat of a large number of educational institutions, including several institutes of marine sciences, the Sakhalin State University, a pedagogical college, a branch of the Moscow State Commercial University and a college of economics, law and computer science.

Sports

The ice hockey club HK Sakhalin participates in the Asia League Ice Hockey . In football, the city is represented by the FK Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk club .

Buildings

In Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk there is a 182-meter-high television and VHF transmitter mast with four cross members arranged on two levels that extend to the guy ropes (see picture above).

Climate table

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     48   -7 -18     44   -6 -18     42   -1 -12     58   5 -5     70   12 0     54   16 6th     87   20th 11     105   22nd 12     107   18th 7th     98   12 0     81   3 -7     63   -4 -14 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: wetterkontor.de

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) -7.4 -6.0 -1.0 4.5 11.7 16.1 20.3 21.5 18.0 11.9 2.9 -4.0 O 7.4 Min. Temperature (° C) -18.4 -18.0 -12.2 -4.7 0.3 5.7 10.9 12.4 7.4 0.0 -6.7 -14.0 O −3 Precipitation ( mm ) 48 44 42 58 70 54 87 105 107 98 81 63 Σ 857 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 4.2 5.4 5.8 6.4 6.4 6.6 5.3 4.8 6.2 5.2 3.9 3.3 O 5.3 Rainy days ( d ) 9 7th 7th 8th 8th 7th 8th 9 10 10 10 11 Σ 104 Humidity ( % ) 83 82 79 78 78 83 86 86 83 79 81 83 O 81.8 Source: wetterkontor.de

sons and daughters of the town

• Oleg Kagan (1946–1990), violin virtuoso
• Natalja Tschistjakowa (* 1946), sprinter
• Alexander Godunov (1949–1995), ballet dancer and actor
• Andrei Dundukow (* 1966), Nordic combined athlete
• Georgi Karlow (* 1971), politician
• Wladyslaw Dolohodin (* 1972), Ukrainian sprinter
• Alexander Koslow (* 1981), politician, minister
• Dmitri Ulyanov (* 1983), ski racer
• Alexandra Prokofieva (born 1985), actress
• Julija Leschnewa (* 1989), soprano
• Alexander Baschenow (* 1995), ski jumper
• Yevgeny Svetschnikow (* 1996), ice hockey player

Web links

Commons : Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• City website (Russian)
• Sakhalin-Portal (English)
• Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk on mojgorod.ru (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ zdf.info of December 22, 2012
3. ↑ Карлов Георгий Александрович , amurmedia.ru (Russian)
4. ↑ Dmitry Ulyanov in the Sports-Reference database (English; archived from the original )
5. ↑ Александра Прокофьева - биография, информация, личная жизнь , stuki-druki.com (Russian)