Sadegh Chalkhali

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Sadegh Chalkhali

Sadegh Chalkhali ( Persian صادق خلخالی, DMG Ṣādeq Ḫalḫālī ; * July 24th or July 27th 1926 in Givi , Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic , Soviet Union ; † November 26, 2003 in Tehran ), also Chalkali , Khalkali or Khalkhali , was a Shiite clergyman and the most famous judge of the Islamic Republic of Iran . He belonged to the Azerbaijanis ethnic group .

Beginnings

Khalkhali, appointed Supreme Judge of the Revolutionary Courts by Ruhollah Khomeini in February 1979 after the Iranian Revolution , stood up for the rapid and merciless implementation of Islamic laws with martial arts. Amir Abbas Hoveyda , the former Iranian Prime Minister, was one of its most prominent victims. Blood judge Khalkhali, who always appears with a pistol, was temporarily replaced by the Revolutionary Council on June 25, 1979 because of numerous complaints about his raw and sadistic style of passing judgments, but afterwards Khomeini called him to the uprisings in Kurdistan and Kermanshah .

Chalkhali followed Khomeini's remarks, who praised the Islamic legal system in his writings with the words:

"If you only applied the penal laws of Islam for a year, you would uproot every destructive injustice and immorality."

such as

“The Islamic judge only needs to know the Islamic laws of the Koran and can pronounce justice in any case. He can judge and deal with twenty different cases in a single day, while Western justice takes several years to begin. "

Chalkhali was the Islamic judge who was to become Khomeini's executor of Sharia law. Imam Khomeini , according to Khalkhali, has personally commissioned me to deal with and decide on all legal questions of the revolution. There are also other revolutionary judges, but I have a special position, I am entrusted with special tasks ... I have dealt with more cases than all the other judges combined. I am responsible for all of Iran.

Media appearances

Quotes Chalchalis

Chalkhali saw himself as a just judge who only brought the Islamic laws to quick and correct application:

“It is a human right to destroy a snake that has entered your home ... Human rights mean that unsuitable elements must be weeded out so that others can live freely. The Koran says this very clearly. "

- April 19, 1979

“Well my boy, if you are truly innocent as you say you can go to paradise. But if you are guilty, as I think, you will only receive your just punishment. "

- July 11, 1979, to a 16-year-old who pleaded innocence

“I am compared to Adolf Eichmann , who was a Nazi killer - but look at me, am I a killer? I am a respected, interesting and friendly person. "

- September 8, 1980

Victim

The blood trail of Chalchalis and his fast dishes ran through all rebellious provinces, in Tehran he had extra gallows erected. He himself boasted that he had sentenced more than 400 people to death. The actual number of his victims is disputed, several hundreds to thousands, the unconfirmed number of 8,000 is mentioned more often, but is probably too high. According to Greussing, from February 1979 until the attack on the IRP headquarters on June 28, 1981, “at least 1,600 people” were executed by the regime.

On August 28, 1979, 109 Kurds were sentenced to death by Khalkhali in the province of Kordestān ; the shooting was carried out immediately. Amir Taheri reports that 53 people arrested had been sentenced to death in a 30-minute trial at the Sanandaj airport . The Pulitzer Prize-winning Jahangir Razmi which it took pictures, but was one of 11 prisoners who were shot.

The End

In June 1981 Khalkhali was suspected of embezzlement and was replaced from the post of chief revolutionary judge. In fact, he was elected to the Iranian parliament afterwards . Later, after the death of his mentor and revolutionary leader Khomeini, he was deported to the post of traffic judge.

literature

  • Christopher de Kretser: The time . No. 36 of August 31, 1979.
  • Hans-Peter Drögemüller : Iranian diary. 5 years of revolution . Libertarian Association, Hamburg 1983, ISBN 3-922611-51-6 .
  • Kurt Greussing: New Politics, Old Despotism. Perspectives of the Islamic Revolution in Iran . In: Kurt Greussing: Religion and Politics in Iran . Syndicate authors and publishing company, Frankfurt am Main 1981, ISBN 3-8108-0175-5 ( Mardom nameh - year book on the history and society of the Middle East ).
  • Josef Joffe , Michael Naumann : The TIME . No. 19 of May 2, 1980.
  • Amir Taheri : Khomeini and the Islamic Revolution . Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 1985, ISBN 3-455-08237-8 .
  • Christopher de Bellaigue: In the rose garden of the martyrs. A portrait of Iran. From the English by Sigrid Langhaeuser, Verlag CH Beck, Munich 2006 (English original edition: London 2004), pp. 49–51 and 101.

Web links

swell

  1. ↑ https://www.sabteahval.ir/ardabil/default.aspx?tabid=6709
  2. ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/dec/01/guardianobituaries.iran
  3. ↑ Sadeq Khalkhali on www. britica.com , accessed July 9, 2019.
  4. ↑ a b Ruhollah Khomeini: Kašf al-asrār (Unveiling of the Secrets), 1943
  5. ↑ Interview: Der Spiegel, No. 50/1979. Page 142
  6. ↑ a b Christopher de Kretser: Die ZEIT, No. 36 of August 31, 1979
  7. ↑ Josef Joffe and Michael Naumann: Die ZEIT, No. 19 of May 2, 1980
  8. ↑ a b c d Hans-Peter Drögemüller: Iranisches Tagebuch. 5 years of revolution. Hamburg 1983
  9. ↑ Kurt Greussing: New Politics, Old Despotism. Perspectives of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. In: Religion and Politics in Iran. 1981
  10. ↑ Amir Taheri: Khomeini and the Islamic Revolution. Hoffmann and Campe. Hamburg 1985
personal data
SURNAME Chalkhali, Sadegh
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Chalkali, Sadigh; Khalkhali, Sadegh; Khalkali, Sadegh
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Iranian Ayatollah and Judge
DATE OF BIRTH July 27, 1926
PLACE OF BIRTH Givi , Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic
DATE OF DEATH November 26, 2003
Place of death Tehran