Sainte-Catherine-du-Val-des-Écoliers
The Sainte-Catherine-du-Val-des-Écoliers convent was a monastery belonging to the Écoliers du Christ in Paris's 4th arrondissement . It was founded in the early 13th century and demolished at the end of the 18th century. The monastery stood on the Rue Saint-Antoine between the Rue de Sévigné and the Rue de Turenne; in its place are now the Place du Marché Sainte-Catherine as well as the Rue Caron, the Rue d'Ormesson and the Rue de Jarente.
Foundation of the Convention
Before the Battle of Bouvines on July 27, 1214, King Philippe Auguste made the vow that after a victory he would be one of the Martyrs and St. Catherine of Alexandria would build the abbey consecrated. His officers extended the vow to include a promise to see that the church would be built.
After the victory, the king did not have enough time to fulfill his oath, as he died less than a year after the battle. The execution of the vow thus went to his successor, not his son Louis VIII. , Who only three years reigned, but his son Louis the Saints , who on the advice of his mother Blanche of Castile previously established as regent of France the number of years Kanonikerorden the Écoliers du Christ, who wanted to set up a branch in Paris, chose for the Monastery of St. Catherine. Louis the Saint assigned it to the parish of Saint-Paul near the old Porte de Bauders or Porte Baudoyer, which later, in 1280, was called Porte du Val des Écoliers. At the request of Jean de Milly, the former treasurer of the Knights Templar , the Parisian citizen Nicolas Gibeyn provided a three- acre property that he owned here. In March 1228, Henri de Dreux , Archbishop of Reims and Gibeyn's liege lord, agreed to the donation regarding this property. However, the approval of the Bishop of Paris Guillaume d'Auvergne did not take place until October 1229, after the Pope had obliged him to do so. This document shows that at that time the Écoliers had already started building a small chapel in memory of Philip II and Louis VIII. The foundation stone for the church was laid in 1229, and on July 25th of an unknown year it was consecrated to St. Catherine. What is certain, however, is that the Katharinen Convent already existed in 1235, since clergy from the convent were seconded that year to take over the priory Le Val Saint-Éloi in Chilly near Longjumeau . In keeping with the founding history of the convent and the church, Sainte-Catherine served as a burial place not only for the canons, but also for the sergeants of the royal guards.
Étienne Marcel
In 1358, during the uprising of the Parisian people led by Étienne Marcel , Sainte-Catherine became the center of events twice. When, on February 22, 1358, under the eyes of the Dauphin Charles, King Charles V , later crowned in Reims , during an attack by the rebels on the Palais de la Cité Robert de Clermont, Marshal of Normandy, and Jean de Conflans, Marshal of Champagne, Had been killed, Étienne Marcel had the bodies brought to Sainte-Catherine in a cart. The canons asked the Dauphin for instructions regarding the burial, Karl instructed them to follow the rituals customary for high-ranking personalities - until the Bishop of Paris, Jean de Meulan, pointed out that Robert de Clermont had been excommunicated , after which the burial took place but in all secrecy.
After Étienne Marcel was killed on July 31, 1358 near the Porte Sainte-Antoine, his body, like the corpses of his 54 companions, was on display in front of the Sainte-Catherine church.
Takeover, relocation and demolition
On April 25, 1629, Charles Faure, superior general of the Congrégation de France , signed a treaty with Sainte-Catherine, with which he took over the convent in the congregation. With a sponsorship letter dated May 23, 1767, King Louis XV. suggested that the Sainte-Catherine monastery should move to that of the previously exiled Jesuits on Rue Saint-Antoine. At the same time he ordered that after the move the monastery should be demolished and replaced by a market place, for which the architect Jacques-Germain Soufflot was commissioned to deliver the designs. The convent buildings were demolished in 1773/74, and a separate patent letter dated October 18, 1777 was drawn up for the church, which also prompted the auction of the priory's land. The proceeds were intended to help build the new Sainte-Geneviève church, later known as the Panthéon . On April 20, 1783, Henri d'Ormesson, the general controller of finances, laid the foundation stone for the market and the streets that were to replace the convent: the Place du Marché Sainte-Catherine as well as the Rue Caron, the Rue d'Ormesson , Rue Colombier, Rue Jarente and Rue Necker.
Culture Sainte-Catherine
To the north of the convent was the Culture Sainte-Catherine , which was parceled out and released for building in the 1540s: from 1548 to 1560, the President of the Parlement de Paris had a Renaissance- style city palace built on the former monastery grounds , which the The only remaining Paris city palace from the mid-16th century and today houses the Musée Carnavalet .
Priors of Sainte-Catherine
- Guiard, mentioned in 1254/67
- Everard de Villaines
- Gregoire le Bourguignon, attested in 1266/71
- Jacques, 1292/93 attested
- Laurent de Dreux, attested in 1304
- Girard de Troyes
- Nicolas, attested in 1338
- Dreux de Courlençon (Courtaçon), 1338 attested, † December 3, 1350
- Jean de Cambronne, attested in 1351, † July 21, 1363
- Raimond de Boissy, 1353 Subprior, 1363 Prior, † September 13, 1363
- Thomas de Chatres, † October 9, 1363
- Philippe de Massy, Prior October 20, 1363, † May 1370
- Bohard (Richard) d'Estain, prior in 1370, resigned, † 1398
- Pierre Bonenfant, prior in 1397, † around November 1417
- Jean de Bourmont, Prior December 6, 1417, † May 8, 1438
- Jean Maupoint, elected at the end of May 1438, † November 11, 1476
- Jean Nervet, prior December 1476, † November 10, 1525
- Philippe Thibault, † November 12, 1565, first Commendatar Abbot of Sainte-Catherine, resigned in 1535, Abbot of Noirmoutier a . a.
- Toussaint de Hocedey, 1535 prior of Sainte-Catherine, 1543–1565 Bishop of Toul , Commendatabbot of Honnecourt, Trois-Fontaines and Gorze , prior of Chaalis
- Antoine Minard, † July 24, 1565
- Jean Hamelin, elected July 27, 1565, probably not recognized by the king
- Martin de Souspitte, June 1566 Prior, appointed by the King, † September 1566
- François de Bernes, prior appointed by the king in 1567, † 1593
- Geoffroi Hardi, subprior, elected prior, in 1594 the election was annulled, Abbot of Notre-Dame de Doudeauville
- Étienne de Bologne, Abbot of Livry
- Louis de Bologne, Abbot of Livry, resigned in 1618
- Raphael de Bologne, prior in 1618, resigned in 1655, from 1628–1664 Bishop of Digne
- Gabriel de Boislève, Bishop of Avranches 1652–1657 , deposed
- François Servien, 1654 Bishop of Bayeux , 1656 Abbot of Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes , † February 2, 1659
- Augustin Servien, † October 7, 1716, son of Abel Servien , surintendant des Finances, brother of Marie-Antoinette Servien, Duchesse de Sully, appointed prior by the king in 1659
- NN de Chasot, nephew of Jacques Bénigne Bossuet , Bishop of Meaux , prior on April 30, 1719, resigned on December 24, 1719 and became abbot of Saint-Arnoult in Metz
- Jean Charles Portail, Prior June 1727, † May 26, 1739
- Armand Chrétien François Michel Nicolai, appointed Prior by the King on August 31, 1736, Bishop of Verdun 1754, † December 9, 1769
- Louis François Alexandre de Jarente de Senas d'Orgeval, prior 1769, 1780 coadjutor and 1788–1793 Bishop of Orléans , † October 30, 1810
literature
- Honoré Fisquet , La France Pontificale, Archidiocèse de Paris, Sainte Catherine du Val des Écoliers online
- Catherine Guyon, Les Ecoliers du Christ: l'ordre canonial du Val des Ecoliers, 1201–1539