Sainte-Waudru (Mons)

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Sainte-Waudru
Sainte-Waudru
inside view

The collegiate church of Sainte-Waudru in Mons is a church consecrated to Saint Waltraud von Mons in the Brabant Gothic style . After construction began in 1450, work on the church was stopped in 1691, so that the church is still unfinished today. Sainte-Waudru belongs to the "Patrimoine majeur de Wallonie".

history

Today's collegiate church is the successor to church buildings that have founded their hermitage here since the 7th century, since Waltraud von Mons. The construction work decided by the Chapter of the Sainte-Waudru Monastery began in 1450 and lasted 241 years. The basic plan came from the architect Matheus de Layens , among others , and despite the long construction period, hardly any deviations were made, which gives the church a stylistic harmony.

The floor plan is that of a Latin cross , 115 meters long and 32 meters wide. The vault is 24.5 meters high at the keystone. The choir is surrounded by an ambulatory with 15 chapels. As a building material was sandstone , bluestone and brick used.

The construction of a 190 meter high tower began in 1548, but was canceled in 1691 at its current roof height (for comparison: the tower of the Ulm Minster is the highest church tower in the world at 161.53 meters).

During the French Revolution , the church was used as a horse stable and thus escaped demolition. From 1803 it was again available to the canons, later it became the main church of the city as a replacement for the destroyed church of Saint-Germain.

The canons

Between the 10th and 13th centuries, the Sainte-Waudru nunnery was rededicated to a monastery for noble women, at the end of the 13th century it was enough to be the daughter of a knight to be accepted. It was not until 1769 that Maria Theresa's 16-fold ancestry was introduced.

In February 1793 the chapter was dissolved by the revolutionary government, then again and finally after a brief Austrian restoration in June 1794.

Works of art

Reliquary
The resurrection
  • A number of works by the sculptor Jacques Du Broeucq (1505-1584), including a Renaissance - Lettner of black marble from the years 1545-1549. The rood screen was destroyed in 1797, preserved parts (above all a resurrection and a statue of Bartholomew) found other places in the church.
  • 21 stained glass windows from the 16th century
  • The oak choir stalls from 1707, but from the Saint-Germain church.
  • The reliquary of St. Waltraud from 1887. It replaced the shrine from 1313, which was destroyed in 1794.
  • The Char d'Or, a gold-plated processional float from the years 1779–1782
  • The organ prospectus , around 1780

  • Bartholomew statue

  • Glass window (detail)

  • The Car d'Or

organ

View of the organ

The organ prospectus in the style of Louis XVI. was originally in the Cistercian Abbey of Cambron-Casteau . It was created around 1780 and only found its way into the Sainte-Waudru church at the beginning of the 19th century. Originally, the case contained a classic French organ with 49 stops on four manuals and a pedal , which itself probably emerged from an instrument that was built around 1693 by the organ builder Matthieu Le Roy. Over the years the organ has been restored and rebuilt several times.

The current instrument was created in 1952 by the organ builder Maurice Delmotte, using some of the historic pipe material that had not been lost over time. Today the instrument has 46 registers on three manuals and a pedal. The actions are electro-pneumatic.

In 2019 the instrument was restored by the organ builders Klais (Bonn) and Thomas (Belgium) and expanded in a symphonic style. a. a solo work. Today the instrument has 79 stops on four manuals and pedal, including 4 transmissions, 3 extended stops and an acoustic stop. Several reed registers were created on the bass and treble sides. The Chamade 8 'register is still vacant. The pedal has been expanded to include three stops in a 32-foot position. In addition, several registers of the manual works in the pedal were made playable by means of transmissions. The instrument is equipped with a 40,000-fold setting system. The game actions are mechanical, the stop actions are electric.

I Grand Orgue C-g 3
01. Montre 16 ′
02. Bourdon 16 ′
03. Montre 08th'
04th Bourdon 08th'
05. Prestant 04 ′
06th Flood 04 ′
07th Duplicate 02 ′
08th. Mixture VI-VIII0
09. Plein Jeu III-I
10. Cornet V 08th'
11. Trumpets 08th'
12. Hautbois 08th'
13. Chamade 08th'
14th Clairon 04 ′
II positive C-g 3
15th Montre 08th'
16. Bourdon 08th'
17th Prestant 04 ′
18th Flood 04 ′
19th Nazar 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
20th Duplicate 02 ′
21st Tierce 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
22nd Larigot 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
23. Octave 01'
24. Fittings III
25th Cimbal III
26th Trumpet (Bb) 08th'
27. Trumpet (D) 08th'
28. Chamade 08th'
29 Cromhorne (B) 08th'
30th Cromhorne (D) 08th'
31. Voix Humaine 08th'
Tremblant (doux)
III Récit Expressif C – g 3
32. Bourdon 16 ′
33. Flute large 08th'
34. Salicional 08th'
35. Dulciana 08th'
36. Voix céleste 08th'
37. Prestant 04 ′
38. Flûte octaviante 04 ′
39. Viole 04 ′
40. Nazard 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
41. Octavine 02 ′
42. Tierce 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
43. Septième 01 1 ⁄ 7  ′
44. Plein Jeu IV-V
45. Trumpets 16 ′
46. Trumpet harm. 08th'
47. Basson-hautbois 0 08th'
48. Voix Humaine 08th'
49. Clairon 04 ′
tremolo
IV Solo C-g 3
50. Principal 16 ′
51. Principal 08th'
52. Flûte Harm. 08th'
53. Viol 08th'
54. Principal 04 ′
55. Fifth 03 ′
56. Grande Fourniture I.0
57. Cornet V
58. Bombarde (B) 16 ′
59. Bombarde (D) 16 ′
60. Trumpet Harm. 08th'
61. Chamade 08th'
Pedale C – f 1
62. Contrebasse (acoustic)0 32 ′
63. Soubasse 32 ′
64. Contrebasse 16 ′
65. Montre (= No. 1) 16 ′
66. Soubasse (Ext. No. 63) 16 ′
67. Bourdon (= No. 32) 16 ′
68. Basse (Ext. No. 64) 08th'
69. Flood 08th'
70. Flûte (= No. 33) 08th'
71. Octave (Ext. No. 64) 04 ′
72. Flood 04 ′
73. Bombard 32 ′
74. Bombard 16 ′
75. Trumpet (= No. 45) 16 ′
76. Trumpets 08th'
77. Chamade 08th'
78. Clairon 04 ′
79. Chamade 04 ′
  • Coupling: normal coupling, sub- and super-octave coupling

literature

  • Philippe Collart, Michel De Reymaeker, Jacques Drousie, Jean-Claude Dubray: La Collégiale Sainte-Waudru à Mons. Atelier Ledoux, Brussels 1992.
  • Benoît van Caenegem: La collégiale Sainte-Waudru. Office du Tourisme de la Ville de Mons, Mons 1996.
  • Benoît van Caenegem: Sainte Waudru. Patronne de Mons et de la région (la reconnaissance des reliques de sainte Waudru). Office du Tourisme de la Ville de Mons, Mons 1998.
  • Gérard Bavay (Ed.): La Collégiale Sainte-Waudru. Rêve des Chanoinesses de Mons. Photographies de Benoît Feron. Racine, Brussels 2008, ISBN 978-2-87386-557-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Comprehensive information on the history and disposition of the organ in Sainte Waudru ( Memento of the original of December 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.waudru.be
  2. ↑ Information on disposition on the website of the organ building company Thomas; see also the information on the website of Orgelbau Klais

Web links

Commons : Sainte-Waudru (Mons)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Photos of the stained glass windows ( Institut royal du Patrimoine artistique ):

Coordinates: 50 ° 27 ′ 12 ″  N , 3 ° 56 ′ 51 ″  E