Saline Salzderhelden

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The drilling tower II of the Salzderhelden salt works, built in 1884 and burned down in 2020 (2013)

The salt works Salzderhelden is a salt works in Salzderhelden in southern Lower Saxony . Its derrick, built in 1884, was destroyed in a fire in 2020.

prehistory

According to legend, the salt spring was discovered in 1173 by a swineherd on the mountain slope. The find gave rise to the development of salt production , which Salzderhelden shaped for almost 800 years. Little is known about the early days of the saltworks; it was founded around the 12th century. The salt spring was first mentioned in 1332 and 1337 in documents from Duke Ernst I. von Grubenhagen .

Building history

In 1586 the salt fountain in the village received a 240-meter-long water art that crossed the street at a height of four meters. In 1653 a graduation tower was planned to enrich the brine , and in 1662 a common salt storage house was built. From 1693 a 112 meter long graduation tower was built and extended to 225 meters in 1732.

In 1757 the saltworks was moved to the Flamke parcel west of the village, and from 1772 two windmills for the pumps and the graduation tower were rebuilt. In addition to salt production, the bathing and spa business was added in 1851 with the opening of a brine bath. A new bottom borehole in 1860 reached a depth of 450 meters; a steam engine was built for the extraction, which partially replaced the old art of salt. The salt art was completely shut down in 1885. A potash plant was built in 1899 , which began production in 1909, but was shut down again in 1925. In 1920 the salt works was electrified. The transmission as a means of power transmission to the drill rods was retained, so that today a second example of this technology, which has become rare, has been preserved in the Northeim district alongside the Neimke blank forge .

Brine tank from 1862 in the style of a half-timbered house

In 1933 the company was almost completely shut down, so that only two pans were still working. After the boiling houses were demolished, only the derrick and the brine tank remained. The latter, built from the beams of the old graduation tower, is surrounded by half-timbered walls, unlike the Saline Sülbeck , so that from the outside it looks like a house.

Usage history

The liquid brine was carried up with the derrick and temporarily stored in the wooden brine reservoir. Then the water contained in boiling pans that were in 15 Siedehäusern was, in about 50 to 70 hours evaporated , and finally in the kiln stored -Buildings until the salt was present commercially finished. The boiling houses, called Kote, belonged to the salt boilers organized in a pancake.

The boiling time of the Pfänner lasted from the beginning of April to the end of November, the proportion of Pfänner and other saltworkers in the local population was very high according to the house book of 1664. This high proportion remained throughout the history of the salt works until the beginning of the 20th century.

From 1963 the city of Einbeck took over the once important saltworks. Since then, only baths and inhalations have been administered there. Some residents learned to swim there.

In 2009, the derrick was largely restored on a voluntary basis and reopened in 2011 for museum purposes. On the night of July 4, 2020, it burned down despite a fire service. The damage is estimated at 1.5 million euros. The city of Einbeck is planning a replacement building. The fire is part of a series of fires in Einbeck with five fires within a week, due to which the police set up an investigation team.

literature

  • Bastian Sauthoff: White gold and forgotten technology . In: Salzderheldener Geschichtsblätter, Volume 1, 2009
  • Markus C. Blaich , Sonja Stadje, Kim Kappes: The Saline in Salzderhelden in: The Heldenburg near Salzderhelden, castle and residence in the Principality of Grubenhagen , (= guide to the prehistory and early history of Lower Saxony. 32) Isensee Verlag , Oldenburg, 2019, ISBN 978 -3-7308-1581-6 , pp. 31-34

Web links

Commons : Saline Salzderhelden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Einbeck: The historic saltworks went up in flames at ndr.de on July 4, 2020
  2. ↑ Interesting facts about Salzderhelden , website of Salzderhelden ( Memento from April 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Einbeck: Historic salt works completely destroyed by fire in Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung of July 4, 2020
  4. ↑ Einbeck: Fifth fire within a week at ndr.de on July 8, 2020
  5. ↑ Brand series continues - Is there a fire devil at work here? in HNA from July 9, 2020

Coordinates: 51 ° 47 ′ 51.5 ″  N , 9 ° 54 ′ 12.4 ″  E