Salir de Matos

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Salir de Matos
coat of arms map
The coat of arms is still missing
Salir de Matos (Portugal)
Salir de Matos
Basic data
Region : Centro
Sub-region : Oeste
District : Leiria
Concelho : Caldas da Rainha
Coordinates : 39 ° 26 ′  N , 9 ° 6 ′  W Coordinates: 39 ° 26 ′  N , 9 ° 6 ′  W
Residents: 2583 (as of June 30, 2011)
Surface: 24.59 km² (as of January 1, 2010)
Population density : 105 inhabitants per km²

Salir de Matos , also called Salir dos Matos , is a Portuguese municipality ( freguesia ) in the district of Caldas da Rainha and in the district of Leiria , in the historic province of Estremadura . It has an area of ​​24.6 km² and 2583 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2011). The community includes 25 villages and hamlets . The main town Salir de Matos is located 5 km north-east of Caldas da Rainha and 27 km southwest of Alcobaça and 13 km from São Martinho do Porto on the Atlantic. The population, insofar as they do not work in the local supply industry, still lives mainly from agriculture, there mainly from fruit and vegetable cultivation and from viticulture. Due to its proximity to the region between Óbidos and São Martinho do Porto, which is developing rapidly in terms of tourism , Salir de Matos is also becoming increasingly important as a supra-local settlement area. The region itself is suffering greatly from the decline in agriculture, everywhere you can see the terraces, which rise up on the slopes of the up to 300 meters high mountains and which once shaped the cultural landscape, are falling into disrepair. In the middle of the last century, many residents of the region emigrated to France and the USA.

Roman past

Salir de Matos can look back on a not insignificant historical past. Traces of Roman settlement were found there in the form of a tombstone with information on the burial of a 35-year-old woman born in Collipo , as a Roman city near Leiria was called. Only 8 km away from Salir de Matos was another Roman city, probably Araducta , on the lagoon of Alfeizerão, which then reached there , until a few years ago the city of Eburobritium was suspected there, but it was near the city 20 km away Óbidos was detected. The Moors renamed this town Alfeizerão after the occupation of the Iberian Peninsula in 711 . The city remained an important port and center for shipbuilding until the lagoon fell dry in the 18th century. From the lagoon itself, Salir de Matos was only 3 km away.

Dominion of the Abbey of Alcobaça

After the liberation of Portugal from the rule of the Moors, Salir de Matos became one of the 13 cities of the Coutos de Alcobaça , which until 1834 belonged to the secular territory of the Abbey of Alcobaça , which in 1153 was the first king of Portugal, Afonso Henriques (1109–1185) , the abbot of the French Cistercian monastery Clairvaux , had given Bernhard von Clairvaux , an approximately 500 km² area between the Atlantic and the Serra dos Candeeiros mountains . Together with the neighboring towns of Alvorninha and Santa Catarina and the town of Salir do Porto , which belongs to São Martinho do Porto , it formed the southern border of the Coutos de Alcobaça. Presumably the abbot Frei Martinho III approved . Already around 1300 a right of settlement or even a license to recultivate the area, which is predominantly characterized by forests and wild meadows, which the Portuguese term matos describes. The part of the name Salir is derived from the original Latin word salire (to jump), which in Spanish and Portuguese ( changing to sair with the omission of the "l" ) assumed the meaning of exit, departure and presumably expressed the border area of ​​the abbey area. A similar meaning is also attached to the name of the locality Salir do Porto , which also formed the boundary of the area of ​​the abbey on the southern side of the port of São Martinho.

City of the Coutos de Alcobaça

Ruins de Quinta Formigal

In 1514 Salir de Matos received as part of the general city reform carried out by King Manuel I (1469-1521) in the Coutos de Alcobaça, a new city statute, which granted the city self-government and a lower jurisdiction, although it remained tributary to the abbey, such as their general judicial sovereignty also continued. At that time, the city of Salir de Matos already had 20 other settlements. The jurisdiction of the abbey was affirmed by a stake ( Pelourinho in Portuguese ) erected like in all cities of the Coutos . The city employed its own city clerk and two judges. But nothing of these urban institutions has survived in the present. The church consecrated to Saint António dates from the 18th century, its predecessor is believed to have fallen victim to the earthquake of 1755 (which went down in history as the Lisbon earthquake ), and other chapels have also disappeared. One of the houses that still exist is believed to have served as accommodation for the monks of the abbey during their visits. The remains of an old monastic quinta, the quinta do Formigal with an old chapel , can still be found just a few hundred meters from today's town .

Modern times

Salir de Matos lost its town charter in 1834 when the abbey came to an end as a result of the state closure of the monasteries in Portugal, and in 1836 it became part of the Caldas da Rainha district. When the 4 km wide and 10 km long lagoon of Alfeizerão - of which today only the approximately 1400 × 900 m large lagoon at São Martinho de Porto remains - was the entire south-western one, which has been accelerating since the 17th century The Coutos region was deprived of its economic basis, which probably also had a deep impact on Salir de Matos.

literature

  • Maria Zulmira Albuquerque Furtado Marques: Por Terra dos Antigos Coutos de Alcobaça, Alcobaça 1994, pages 196-199

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ www.ine.pt - indicator resident population by place of residence and sex; Decennial in the database of the Instituto Nacional de Estatística
  2. ↑ Overview of code assignments from Freguesias on epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu

Web links