Salvatore Segrè Sartorio

Baron Salvatore Segrè Sartorio (born August 7, 1859 in Trieste , Austrian Empire , † June 7, 1949 in Trieste) was an Italian politician. He was part of the moderate irredentist movement that demanded the annexation of his hometown Trieste to the Kingdom of Italy. During and after the First World War , he supported refugees who had fled the Italian regions that were subject to Austria-Hungary. For his work, Segrè received numerous orders of merit, including from the Italian King Vittorio Emanuele III. awarded. He turned to fascism early on and was appointed senator in 1924.

Life

Salvatore Segre was on September 14, 1865, the son of Leone and Elisabetta Macchioro in time to Austria-Hungary belonging Trieste born. His Jewish family originally came from Vercelli in Piedmont . Segrè was introduced to the Jacob Coen family company at an early age by his father Leone and uncle Vitale .

In addition to his work as a businessman, Segrè was also politically active. Segrè, who increasingly recognized his own Italian identity, became a member of the irredentist movement and party member of the national liberal Irredentà after completing his school education. The irredentist movement , which gained increasing popularity in Trieste at the end of the 19th century, pursued the detachment of the city, which is largely inhabited by Italians, from the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and demanded its annexation to the Italian national state. Segrè was awarded numerous orders of merit by the Kingdom of Italy: in 1897 he was awarded the Cavaliere dell'Ordine della Corona d'Italia ( Knight ), in 1903 Ufficiale dell'Ordine della Corona d'Italia ( Officer ) and in 1909 Commendatore dell'Ordine della Corona d ' Italia ( Commander ).

When the First World War broke out , Segrè and his wife Anna Sartorio Segrè moved first to Venice and later to Rome , where he supported refugees who had fled from the Italian regions belonging to Austria-Hungary. Later he took over the leadership of the commission for the support of refugees and displaced persons from the Trentino and the Adriatic region. Further awards and orders of merit followed. After the end of the war, Segrè returned to his hometown Trieste, which had since been annexed to the Italian kingdom. In the following years, the couple received the marshals Armando Diaz , Luigi Cadorna and Emanuel of Aosta , his son Amadeus of Aosta and numerous other family members of the Italian royal family at the family home of his wife Anna, Villa Sartorio .

On December 4, 1919, King Vittorio Emanuele III. Segrè to the baron.

Like many other Italian Jews, Segrè also joined the fascists in 1919. He viewed the fascist movement as the natural political home of nationalism and irredentism. On September 18, 1924, he was appointed senator .

Until 1938, Segrè was involved in local and national politics. In addition, he was also active in business, e.g. B. as advisor to the bank "Credito Italiano" and Triester Lloyd, as president of an electricity company and vice-president of regional textile works.

As the son of Jewish parents, Segrè was directly affected by the Italian race laws ( leggi razziali ). Although he asserted his services, also for the fascist cause, and could count on the support of some personalities of the Catholic hierarchy, he did not succeed in obtaining the status of an "Aryanized Jew" (his application remained in the government until the end of the fascist regime July 1943 unprocessed). Segrè withdrew into private life. Part of his property such as the Castello di Spessa near Gorizia and its art collections were confiscated.

When the Second World War broke out, Segrè went to Medea , but returned to his residence Villa Sartorio in Trieste in 1945 . After the death of his wife in 1946, the villa was given to the city of Trieste. Although part of the building was converted into a museum, today's Civico Museo Sartorio , and some of the remaining rooms were used by the Allied forces, Segrè continued to live in the villa, where he died on June 7, 1949 at the age of 89 .

Faith and family

In 1902 Segrè converted from the Jewish to the Catholic faith and married Baroness Anna Sartorio in 1907 . In 1923 he took his wife's surname and from then on called himself Salvatore Segrè Sartorio . The couple remained childless, but adopted a nephew of Salvatore, Michele Stavro Santarosa (1887–1955).

Awards

Salvatore Segrè Sartorio received the following orders of merit:

Order of the Crown of Italy

• 1897: Cavaliere dell'Ordine della Corona d'Italia (Knight)
• 1903: Ufficiale dell'Ordine della Corona d'Italia (officer)
• 1909: Commendatore dell'Ordine della Corona d'Italia ( Commander )
• 1921: Grande ufficiale dell'Ordine della Corona d'Italia ( Grand Officer )
• 1933: Cavaliere di Gran Croce dell'Ordine della Corona d'Italia ( Grand Cross )

Knight Order of St. Mauritius and Lazarus

• 1930: Commendatore (Komtur)
• 1932: Grande Ufficiale (Grand Officer)

Order of Knights of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem

• 1932: Commendatore dell'Ordine (Commander)
• 1933: Cavaliere di Gran Croce dell'Ordine (Grand Cross)

Web links

• Entry in the Senatori dell'Italia fascista database of the Historical Archives of the Italian Senate

Remarks

1. ^ Emilio Gentile (2002): Il totalitarismo nella conquista della camera alta (Rubbettino), p. 88.
2. ↑ Lorenza Resciniti (1999): Il Civico Museo Sartorio di Trieste (Rotary Club Trieste), p. 48.