Sam Eyde
Samuel Eyde (born October 29, 1866 in Arendal , † June 21, 1940 in Åsgårdstrand ) was a Norwegian engineer and industrialist.
Life
Eyde, son of a shipowner, completed an engineering degree in Oslo and from 1886 in Berlin . In 1891 he passed his examination as a civil engineer. Between 1891 and 1895 he was involved in the planning of new railway lines and bridge constructions in Hamburg , Dortmund (at the Dortmund Union ) and Lübeck (construction of the Elbe-Trave Canal ). In 1895 he married Anna Ulrikka Mörner, the daughter of a Swedish count. From 1897, together with his former boss in Hamburg and with the help of Swedish capital, he ran the company Gleim & Eyde , which had branches in Hamburg, Kristiania (now Oslo ) and Stockholm and at times employed 30 engineers. Among other things, they built hydroelectric plants .
In the year of Norwegian independence, 1905, he founded the Norsk Hydro group in close cooperation with the Norwegian physicist Kristian Birkeland and the Swedish banker Marcus Wallenberg , which initially produced artificial fertilizers in Notodden and Rjukan using the Birkeland-Eyde process named after Eyde and Birkeland (Obtaining nitrogen from the air in an electric arc). The process requires a lot of energy, and its availability from hydropower in Norway was a great advantage. From 1907 they worked with BASF . Eyde was director of the joint company until 1917 and then turned to politics.
After the Second World War , Norsk Hydro also produced magnesium and aluminum and began producing oil on the Norwegian continental shelf in 1964, long after Eydes death . In the coastal town of Eydehavn (east of Arendal ) named after him , he had an aluminum smelter and a silicon carbide plant built in 1912 ; He realized other projects in Tyssedal in western Norway (near Odda ). In various places, such as in Rjukan, he used the abundant water resources to build modern electricity plants . He designed the industrial plants and workers' apartments in Rjukan based on the German model. In 1918 Eyde left the board of directors of Norsk Hydro at his own request.
The Technical University of Darmstadt awarded Eyde an honorary doctorate in 1911 . Between 1918 and 1920 he was a member of the Storting . From 1920 to 1923 he was his country's ambassador to Poland .
A year before his death, Eyde completed his autobiography with the title Mitt liv og mitt livsverk (My life and my life's work), Oslo 1939 (2nd edition 1956).
literature
- Ole Kristian Grimnes: Sam Eyde. The founder of grenseløse , Oslo 2001
- Entry in Winfried Pötsch, Annelore Fischer, Wolfgang Müller: Lexicon of important chemists, Harri Deutsch 1989
Web links
- Biography (Norwegian)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Eyde, Sam |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Eyde, Samuel (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Norwegian engineer and industrialist, politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 29, 1866 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Arendal |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 21, 1940 |
| Place of death | Åsgårdstrand |