San Rocco all'Augusteo

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San Rocco all'Augusteo

facade

Basic data
Denomination Roman Catholic
place Rome, Italy
Patronage Rochus Church
Building history
construction time 16th century - 1654
Building description
Architectural style Neoclassicism
Coordinates 41 ° 54 '19.6 "  N , 12 ° 28' 33.2"  E Coordinates: 41 ° 54 '19.6 "  N , 12 ° 28' 33.2"  E.
Template: Infobox church building / maintenance / function and title missing

The Church of San Rocco in Rome is a 17th century church in the IV Rione ( Campo Marzio ).

history

The church was founded by the Confraternita di San Rocco , dedicated to the Saint of Montpellier and founded in 1499 by Pope Alexander VI. was approved. The religious association was founded on the initiative of the boatmen and innkeepers who lived near the Tiber to help those suffering from the plague and was allowed to flumen a hospital near the 11th century church of San Martino iuxta (“near the River ”). The place is very close to the ancient river port Ripetta in Rome.

Facade of Valadier as seen from the Ara Pacis

Immediately after the jubilee year 1500, it was named after Saints Rochus and Martin in 1502 and the Ospedale di San Rocco hospital was built, which was later expanded to include a gynecological department. The church, without any special artistic design, was completed with interior decoration, partly by Baldassare Peruzzi , and the facade was frescoed with the stories of Saint Roch by the painter Avanzino Nucci .

Church dome, work of de 'Rossi
Ceiling fresco

In 1645 an old fresco depicting the Madonna was found and the picture was considered miraculous. The following year began the renovation of the first church, the work of which was completed in 1654 thanks to the generosity of Cardinals Odoardo Vecchiarelli and Francesco Barberini . The sacristy, the construction of the dome and the installation of the new chapel of the “Madonna delle Grazie” are all thanks to the architect Giovanni Antonio De Rossi. The single-nave church with three chapels on each side received a new interior. The paintings include the Madonna and Child and Saints Rochus and Abbot Anthony by Baldassare Peruzzi, but were extensively restored around 1660 by Giovanni Battista Gaulli , known as Il Baciccio, because of the great damage caused by the frequent floods, as well as the large painting by Giacinto Brandi San Rocco in Gloria by Baldassare Peruzzi from 1674, which was placed on the high altar.

Church interior

In the first half of the 18th century the chapels were decorated with marble, while the facade in 1832 in neoclassical style by the architect Giuseppe Valadier with a simple arrangement of double columns with Corinthian capitals in the middle, flanked by pilasters with Ionic capitals that form a large tympanum wear, was erected. The coat of arms of Pope Gregory XVI is on the entrance portal . who ruled at the time of the work.

The first radical change in the area's appearance took place in 1890 with the demolition of the port of Ripetta , with the construction of the Lungotevere and the Ponte Cavour. As a result, there were radical renovations in the area around the Ara Pacis and between 1934 and 1938 the dense structure near the Augustus Mausoleum was demolished. During the work, the San Rocco Hospital (rebuilt between 1772 and 1775) and the church's bell tower were demolished. Because of this work, it was necessary to replace the sides and the back of the church, which previously rested on other buildings, with walls. The church was only preserved thanks to its artistic value and the veneration of the Madonna delle Grazie.

Curiosities

Ripetta water level

On the right side of the church a pillar executed in bas-relief, which determines the level located since 1821 Tiber floods displays (Ripetta's hydrometer) . The worst flood reported is that of 1598 with a record 4 meters above current street level. The original hydrometer was divided into four parts arranged along a staircase. The one obtained is the upper element.

The church is one of the rectorate churches in Rome and a place of worship of the parish of San Giacomo in Augusta .

In Luigi Pirandello's Il fu Mattia Pascal , the protagonist takes quarters in front of the church and finds a soup with holy water from the nearby church in his room.

The San Rocco Hospital for women in labor and the Celate ("the hidden" for women who give birth in secret) were attached to the church. The hospital was relocated in 1892 and the building was converted into a concert hall. It was later demolished for the expansion of Piazza Augusto Imperatore.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ www.romaspqr.it: S.Rocco ( it ) Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  2. ↑ Sito Roma virtuale: le inondazioni del Tevere ( it ) Archived from the original on January 14, 2007. Retrieved on January 2, 2020.
  3. ↑ Vicariatus Urbis: Chiese rettorie . Archived from the original on February 3, 2007. Retrieved in 2020.

literature

Web links

Commons : San Rocco all'Augusteo  - Collection of images, videos and audio files