Sant'Andrea degli Scozzesi

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Basic data
Patronage : St. Andrew
Consecration day : (?) 1592
Address: Via delle Quattro Fontane, 163

00187 Roma

The facade facing Via delle Quattro Fontane

Sant'Andrea degli Scozzesi is a small - now deconsecrated - church in Rome . It was the Scottish National Church and the Church of the Scottish Seminary . It was built at the end of the 16th century, was given its current appearance in the 17th century and is now owned by the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio delle Provincie Lombarde .

Location and naming

The church is located in the II. Roman Rione Trevi, about 50 meters south of the Piazza Barberini with the famous Triton Fountain, restricted by neighboring buildings . It has its patronage from the Scottish national saint Andreas . It was originally dedicated to the second Scottish patroness Margaret . She got her nickname degli Scozzesi from the Scottish origins of the pilgrims, priests and seminarians.

History and building history

Already under the pontificate of Pope Gregory XIII. was planned to build a Scottish national church. The funds for this were provided by none other than Maria Stuart , but the plans were never implemented. The church was only built under Clement VIII in 1592 and consecrated in the same year. This very Pope bought a building next to the church from a Florentine eight years later, in 1600 . In this building both the Scottish College - 5 December 1600 is given as its founding date - and a hospital for Scottish pilgrims were established. Nevertheless, the self-management did not last long, as early as 1615 Pope Paul V entrusted the Jesuits with the management of the college . Shortly before the middle of the 17th century, the church was almost completely rebuilt. From then on she was only dedicated to St. Consecrated to Andreas. It played its most important role during the Roman exile of the Catholic Stuarts under James Francis Edward Stuart from 1717. During the French occupation of Italy from 1798 the college and church were abandoned, and it was not until 1820 that training and religious activities were resumed. Since the Jesuits were abolished in 1773, Scottish secular priests have led the seminary and church ever since. The church was last renovated in 1864. About 100 years later, in 1963, the Scottish seminary - which still exists today - moved into new buildings on the Roman outskirts. The church and the college building were acquired by an Italian bank, the then Cassa di Risparmio delle Provincie Lombarde . Today it belongs to its successor organization, the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio delle Provincie Lombarde . Although it was desecrated, it was not demolished, on the contrary, it was restored by the taking over bank in the 1960s.

facade

The facade is two-story, three-axis and kept simple for a Roman baroque facade . The basement is divided in the narrow side axes by simple wall strips. The main feature is the portal with the blown segment arch gable. The demolition contains a St. Andrew's cross as an indication of the church patron as well as a Christ monogram in a halo in front of it . The winding tape above it contains the inscription: “SANCTO ANDREAE APOSTOLO SCOTORVM PATRONO.” The upper floor is a little more elaborate, the wall here next to the window is structured by pilasters in the Tuscan order . A simple, cranked triangular gable following the specifications of the upper floor completes the facade vertically.

Interior

The interior of the church is a single-aisled room that is covered by a barrel vault. The coffering of the ceiling is painted, the work dates from the end of the 18th century.

The walls are again divided by pilasters of the Tuscan order; round niches were inserted in between. The room is decorated very sparingly with grisaille and simple stucco .

The church contains three altars, one on each of the long walls and the high altar in the simple rectangular choir, which is separated from the nave by pillars . The right altar contains a depiction of St. Margaret in ecstasy from the 19th century, the left a Maria with child and saints , also from the 19th century and created by the Dutchman Jacob Nicolay .

The high altar contains a depiction of the martyrdom of St. Andrew in the altar painting . It is a work from the first half of the 17th century from the school of Jacques Courtois , called Il Borgognone .

Since the church has been desecrated and is owned by the Fondazione , it is usually not open to the public. Only once a year on November 30th - the day of remembrance of St. Andrew - it is open, and the patron is solemnly remembered despite the desecration.

literature

  • Walter Buchowiecki: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. 1. Volume, Brothers Hollinek publishing house, Vienna 1967.
  • Antonio Nibby: Roma nell'anno MDCCCXXXVIII. Parte prima moderna, Tipografia delle belle Arti, Roma 1839.
  • Giuseppe Melchiorri: Nuova Guida metodica di Roma e suoi contorni. Vol. I, Tipografia di Crispine Puccinelli, Roma 1834.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Walter Buchowiecki: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 348.
  2. ↑ 1645 or 1649, different information on this.
  3. ^ So in Walter Buchowiecki: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 348, can also be found in 1962.
  4. ^ Walter Buchowiecki: Handbook of the Churches of Rome , p. 348.
  5. ^ Walter Buchowiecki: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 348.
  6. ^ Walter Buchowiecki: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. P. 348, also Antonio Nibby: Roma nell'anno MDCCCXXXVIII. P. 85.
  7. ^ Giuseppe Melchiorri: Nuova Guida metodica di Roma e suoi contorni. P. 399.

Coordinates: 41 ° 54 ′ 10.8 ″  N , 12 ° 29 ′ 19 ″  E