Sante Rufina e Seconda

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Basic data
Patronage : St. Rufina and Secunda
Consecration day : before June 7, 1123
Address: Via della Lungaretta, 92A

00153 Roma

Facade of the portal to the inner courtyard with the campanile to Via della Lungaretta

Sante Rufina e Seconda is a church in Rome . The latest medieval - possibly much older - church stands on the remains of ancient buildings and is today the monastery church of the Suore di Carità dell'Immacolata Concezione d'Ivrea .

Location and naming

The church and the neighboring monastery are in the XIII. Roman Rione Trastevere with the south side to Via della Lungaretta , about 100 meters northwest of San Crisogono . She received her patronage from two martyrs, Saints Rufina and Secunda , who suffered martyrdom around 260, probably under the responsibility of Gaius Junius Donatus . The relics of the saints were never in the church; they were initially kept in a burial church built above the place of execution and transferred to the Baptistery of the Lateran Basilica under Pope Anastasius IV .

History and building history

The age of the church is ultimately not entirely clear. According to tradition, the five rooms underneath the church, which have been preserved and undoubtedly date from the 2nd century, are remnants of the house of St. Rufina and Secunda . However, they suffered the martyrdom outside of the city, the place of execution may have been in what is now Boccea . Possibly the church is Carolingian . The building was certain to have been mentioned for the first time on June 7, 1123 in a document from Pope Calixt II ; it was named as a branch church of Santa Maria in Trastevere . The chapter of Santa Maria in Trastevere arranged for the church to be handed over to the Mercedarians in 1569. Only twenty years later they left the church and it was then a parish church for a short time. Around 1600 Ursulines settled in the immediate vicinity, they bought the church from the Chapter Santa Maria in Trastevere in 1602 and had it renovated. Construction of the monastery began in 1611, and at the same time Pope Paul V confirmed the purchase. It is recorded from 1628 that two daughters of Gianlorenzo Bernini , Celeste and Angela, belonged to the convent . The monastery was expanded again to the north in the first half of the 18th century. Due to the warped floor plan, it is assumed that not only the church stands on ancient walls, but that the entire convent building was built on the remains of an insula . The number of religious sisters decreased sharply over the decades, so that the convent was merged several times with other religious communities. In 1833 Pope Gregory XIII finally rejected . Church and monastery to the nuns of the Sacred Heart of Jesus , the last Ursulines remained in a separate wing of the monastery. From that year the church underwent major changes. Today, almost nothing can be seen of these changes, as almost all of them were removed during a restoration in the 1970s. Pope Benedict XV In 1917 the monastery and church were handed over to the religious community that is based there. The entire facility was last extensively renovated from 1989 to 1991.

Exterior

The facade of the church is insignificant, it is located in the small courtyard behind the portal of the outer wall. The portal is covered by a simple triangular gable , which sits on consoles that end in volutes .

The campanile from the 12th century is more significant . It covers the right half of the facade and has four floors. The columns used for the biforic windows , possibly also at least some of the consoles between the floors, consist of spoils found in the area .

Interior

The church is a basilica building, accordingly it has three naves , of which the western one is considerably narrower than the eastern one. The church has no transept and has a flat roof. The four columns on each side that demarcate the nave are also antique, as are the capitals and the foliage on these are wrought iron works from 1973.

The upper, rounded part of the apse is medieval, the lower part was bricked in the 19th century.

The cafeteria of the high altar is supported by an antique cippus from the 1st century , which was found in the monastery garden.

The crucifix behind it is probably a work from the 18th century.

On the two side walls there are centrally opposite altars, works from the 16th century. To the side of the altar in the western aisle is the epitaph for Françoise Montioux , she was one of the founders of the Ursuline Congregation in Rome. To the left of the altar of the east aisle is another epitaph for Bianca Maria Neri, who died in 1697.

In the middle of the floor is the tombstone for Lorenzo Maresca, who died in 1569.

The fountain in the cloister courtyard is also worth mentioning. It is a double shell and a foundation by Caterina Diomari Bernini, was made in 1718 and cost the donor 50 scudi .

Since 1880 there has also been a kitchen for the poor in the monastery building.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. a b Brigitte Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome , p. 1103.
  2. Allusion to Brigitte Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. , P. 1103, but doubted by her.
  3. ^ Brigitte Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. , P. 1105
  4. ^ Brigitte Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. , P. 1104.
  5. a b c Brigitte Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. , P. 1107.
  6. ^ Brigitte Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. , P. 1109.
  7. ^ Brigitte Kuhn-Forte: Handbook of the Churches of Rome. , P. 1108

Coordinates: 41 ° 53 ′ 23.4 "  N , 12 ° 28 ′ 20.2"  E