Battle of the Irpen
| date | 1321 |
|---|---|
| place | Near Kiev |
| output | Lithuanians victory |
| consequences | Lithuanian rule over southern Rus |
| Parties to the conflict | |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Commander | |
|
Stanislav of Kiev |
|
| Troop strength | |
| unknown | unknown |
| losses | |
|
unknown |
unknown |
The Battle of the Irpen was a momentous battle in 1321. The Lithuanian armed forces of Prince Gediminas defeated a combined force of the southern Russian principalities near Kiev . Subsequently, Kiev and many other cities were conquered by the Lithuanians almost without a fight.
prehistory
A coalition of the Grand Duchy of Kiev , the Principality of Brjansk and the Principality of Pereyaslav , led by Stanislav of Kiev , Roman of Bryansk and Oleg of Perejaslav, stood against Gediminas . Lev of Lutsk , who had already fled the Principality of Galicia-Volhynia, which had been conquered by the Lithuanians, also fought at their side . Overall, however, the southern Russian armed forces were very weak as a result of the decline and depopulation of their areas as a result of the Mongol invasion .
course
Gediminas started his campaign in Brest . He conquered Ovrutsch and Zhitomir and went on "plundering and pillaging" towards Kiev. He met the Russian armed forces on the Irpen river, around 30 km from Kiev. A battle began in the course of which the Russian Druzhina fled and suffered heavy losses.
After the battle, Kiev had to surrender to Gediminas and recognize his vassal status to Gediminas. Stanislav fled to the principality of Ryazan . Other cities such as Pereyaslav , Putivl , Vyshgorod , Kanev and Belgorod were just as unable to maintain the defense and also surrendered.
consequences
The outcome of the Battle of the Irpen meant a huge gain of territory for the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the expense of Slavic principalities and was decisive for the long rule of Lithuania and the later Union of Lublin , Poland over southern Rus. For a while, the southern Russian territories continued to pay tribute to the Golden Horde, despite vassalage to Lithuania . After the Battle of the Blue Water in 1362, in which Lithuania defeated the Golden Horde, they were finally incorporated into the Grand Duchy. Only gradually were they conquered by Moscow , which saw itself as the center of the free part of Russia. After the Battle of Wedroscha around 1500 Lithuania first lost Severia , later in the Russo-Polish War 1654–1667 , the left bank of Ukraine and Kiev came to Russia. Volhynia came to Russia with the Polish partitions .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Оповідь М. Стрийковського про завоювання литовським князем Гедиміном Києва . Kronika Macieia Stryikowskiego niegdyś v Krolewcu drukowana teraz znowu z przydaniem historyi panstwa Rossyiskiego przedrukowana // Zbiór dzieiopisow Polskich we czterech tomach zawarty. - W Warszawie, 1766. - T. 2. - pp. 349-351.
- ↑ Синопсис Київський (Synopsis of Kiev)