Large water lock
| Large water lock | ||
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.jpg) Lock and weir before 2004 |
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 22 '4 " N , 13 ° 59' 36" E | |
| Country: |
 Germany / Brandenburg
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| Place: | Fürstenwalde / Spree | |
| Waters: | Spree-Oder-Wasserstraße | |
| Water kilometers : | km 68.75 | |
| Data | ||
| Owner: | Formerly the Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration | |
| Responsible WSA : | formerly Berlin , outskirts of Fürstenwalde | |
| Start of planning: | before 1890 | |
| Construction time: | North lock from 1891 South lock 1912 to 1914 |
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| Modification: | Demolished in 2004/2005 | |
| Shutdown: | Early 1950s | |
| lock | ||
| Type: | Inland lock | |
| Usable length: | North chamber 59.40 m, south chamber 67.50 m |
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| Usable width: | North chamber 9.60 m, south chamber 8.53 m |
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| Others | ||
| Associated weir: | in the Müggelspree | |
The former Große Tränke lock formed the lock group of the Große Tränke canal stage , a residential area of Fürstenwalde / Spree in the federal waterway Spree-Oder-Wasserstraße in the German state of Brandenburg . The lock was most recently the responsibility of the Berlin Waterways and Shipping Office . The canal level includes a weir in the Müggelspree , which was put into operation in 1890 and replaced by a new building in 1997. A new road bridge was built over the former lower head of the lock in 1999, parallel to the old lock bridge, designed as a truss bridge over the roadway. After 2003 the old bridge was demolished.
location
To the southwest of the city center of Fürstenwalde / Spree , the Fürstenwalder Spree runs in a westerly direction. The double lock was located shortly before the Müggelspree branching off to the northwest at kilometer 69.05 . The weir belonging to the former lock ( 52 ° 22 ′ 6.9 ″ N , 13 ° 59 ′ 49.1 ″ E ) is located at kilometer 44.85 of the Müggelspree, about 250 meters from the branch off the SOW.
history
On October 1st, 1886, a construction office was opened on the grounds of the Royal Hydraulic Engineering Inspection in Fürstenwalde. The further construction work was coordinated from there. The aim was to ensure the drainage and maintenance of navigability when building the side canal from the Müggelspree to the Seddinsee . On October 18, 1887, the foundation stone was laid for the canal construction, which opened in 1891. During this time, craftsmen built the Große Tränke lock in 1890 . The lock had a usable chamber length of 59.40 m with a width of 8.60 m in the heads and 9.60 m in the chambers. The water depth was 2.50 m above the jamb . To enable fish to climb up against the weir, craftsmen continued to build a fish ladder . Since the lock system had already reached its capacity after a few years, it was necessary to widen the canal bed and to lengthen the lock chambers. Between 1910 and 1912, craftsmen therefore built a second lock chamber on the northern bank. As a result of this increase in capacity, both the canal and the locks had to be expanded again. In order to avoid a new building in Fürstenwalde, the engineers decided to replace the mortise gates in the lower part of the south chamber with a lifting gate. This resulted in a length of 67.50 m and a width of 9.60 m.
The old and narrow structure was an obstacle to shipping for commercial shipping. In earlier times it was only used when the Spree was in very high water, as it was then necessary to protect the water drainage down the valley (towards the east) to the Wernsdorf lock from flooding. Furthermore, the barrage reduced the flow velocity in the Spree-shaped canal section, which was advantageous for the tugboat at the time. In practice, however, it was found that the water level was increasingly balanced and floods hardly occurred. The lock gates were therefore open for long periods of the year and were taken out of service in the 1950s. The Waterways and Shipping Office therefore decided to demolish the lock system. In 2004 and 2005 the lift gate was removed and the lock chambers torn down.
Weir Large potions
In order to still be able to operate the locks in the event of low water in the Spree in earlier times and to ensure the navigability of the waterway, a dam was built in the Müggelspree. The Große Tränke weir was necessary for dewatering in the Spree-Oder waterway in 1890 when the side canal was built, the almost 24-kilometer eastern section of the Oder-Spree canal from the Müggelspree to the Seddinsee. It was in service until the end of the 1990s, but then had to be replaced by a new system with three weir fields. The new weir was put into operation on December 18, 1997 and in 2007 a fish ladder was added to the east of the weir system. Over the fish pass ( 52 ° 22 ′ 6.1 ″ N , 13 ° 59 ′ 51.2 ″ E ) there is a girder bridge, also built in 2007, with two fields made of reinforced concrete.
- Weir Large potions
construction
The new building consists of three weir fields . In the western field, a fish-bellied valve regulates the upper water level. Boards are used in the other two fields. The engineers installed a fall bed below the weir . It is bordered with steel sheet piling into which granite stones have been cast into concrete . This breaks the overflowing water. A boat tow enables sports boats to pass from the Fürstenwalder Spree to the Müggelspree.
literature
- Hans-J. Uhlemann: Berlin and the Märkische waterways . transpress Verlag, Berlin, various years, ISBN 3-344-00115-9 , p. 178 ff.
- Writings of the Association for European Inland Shipping and Waterways e. V. , various years. WESKA (Western European Shipping and Harbor Calendar), Binnenschifffahrts-Verlag, Duisburg-Ruhrort OCLC 48960431 , p. A 689
- Mohr: The Oder – Spree Canal and its buildings . In: Zeitschrift für Bauwesen , Volume 40 (1890), Col. 369–392, 431–468, Plate 57–65. Digitized in the holdings of the Central and State Library Berlin .
- Engelhard and Zimmermann: The construction of second locks at Wernsdorf and Kernsdorf (Spree-Oder waterway) . In: Zeitschrift für Bauwesen , Volume 59 (1909), Col. 497-524, Plates 64-68. Digitized in the holdings of the Central and State Library Berlin .
- Ostmann: The expansion of the Oder-Spree Canal. In: Die Bautechnik , 5th year, issue 43 (September 30, 1927) and issue 45 (October 14, 1927), pp. 619–622 and 651–654.
- Gordon Starcken: Boat trip over the mountain. About the history and development of the Oder-Spree Canal . Norderstedt 2016, ISBN 978-3-8334-9289-1 .
Web links
- Large Tränke lock, Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsamt Berlin, accessed on December 9, 2019
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bridge at Brückenweb.de accessed on December 9, 2019
- ↑ Writings of the Association for European Inland Shipping and Waterways e. VS A 689
- ↑ Information board Große Tränke, Spree-Oder-Wasserstraße (SOW) km 68.75 , at the weir, August 2018.
- ↑ Weir Große Tränke , website of the Berlin Waterways and Shipping Office, accessed on August 8, 2018.
- ↑ Bridge at Brückenweb.de accessed on December 9, 2019