Eichbüchl Castle
Eichbüchl Castle | ||
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Eichbüchl Castle seen from the west |
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Creation time : | 14th Century | |
Castle type : | Rock castle | |
Conservation status: | Received or received substantial parts | |
Place: | Eichbüchl ( Katzelsdorf ) | |
Geographical location | 47 ° 45 '31.8 " N , 16 ° 16' 34.9" E | |
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Eichbüchl Castle is a listed building in Eichbüchl in Lower Austria in the municipality of Katzelsdorf and is often referred to as the birthplace of the Republic of Austria .
history
14th to 19th century
Eichbüchl Castle (Aichbüchl) was probably built in the 14th century by the Lords of Vierdung. According to other sources in Wiener Neustadt , it is said to have been built between 1558 and 1566. It is possible that a first castle was destroyed in the course of the first Turkish siege in 1529 and that today's castle was rebuilt a little apart from it.
The first owner mentioned in a document was Georg Hohenkircher zu Tegernau and Aichbüchel in the 15th century. The establishment of the village of Eichbüchl in 1611 is likely to go back to one of the previous owners, Katharina von Donawitz, wife of Aichbüchl. The castle got its current appearance at the turn of the century.
At the beginning of the 17th century it was united with the Frohsdorf rule . The two castles belonged together until 1868.
Owners in the 20th and 21st centuries
In 1906 the castle was by a China silk importer in wedding-cake style completely rebuilt. After the castle was expropriated in 1938, it was badly destroyed and cleared and returned after the Second World War. Before the war, Erwin Rommel lived in the castle for two years.
From 1964 to 1977 Ernst Florian Winter lived with his wife Johanna von Trapp in Eichbüchl Castle. The Eichbüchler Talks and Austria seminars took place there for over ten years , in which international professors such as Oskar Morgenstern , Paul Lazarsfeld , Friedrich Heer and Henry Kissinger took part.
From 1977 to 1997 the castle was owned by the Hungarian-Jewish industrialist Gedeon Wein . From 1997 to 2011, Eichbüchl Castle was privately owned by the German violin dealer Dietmar Machold and was used as a meeting place for lovers of classical music. The industrialist Walter Burghart has been lord of the Eichbüchl castle since 2012 .
politics
In 1945 the first government proclamation of the Second Republic was made here under Karl Renner . Renner wrote a letter to Josef Stalin and tried to contact Adolf Schärf and the Christian Social Finance Minister Josef Kollmann with the head of government of the Soviet Union. He planned the re-establishment of the Republic in the spirit of the constitution of 1920. This is why Eichbüchl Castle is called the place of the re-establishment of the Republic of Austria.
To commemorate these historical events, a sign with the following inscription is attached to the entrance gate of the castle:
“From April 9 to 20, 1945, the former State Chancellor of the First Republic of Austria, Dr. Karl Renner, in Eichbüchl Castle and spent, as he himself writes, "12 days of hard work on the construction plans for the Second Republic", of which he became State Chancellor on April 27 of the same year. "
On April 27, 2005, the anniversary of the establishment of the Second Republic, a contemporary history project was presented at Eichbüchl Castle as part of the 60th anniversary of the Republic of Austria . The initiator and coordinator of this project was the historian Johann Hagenhofer.
literature
- Kurt Dieman-Dichtl : Eichbüchl Castle then and now . In: Edith Bilek-Czerny (Ed.): Semmering - UNESCO World Heritage Site . NÖ Landesregierung, St. Pölten 2003, ( Preservation of monuments in Lower Austria 29), ( Communications from Lower Austria 3, 2003, ZDB -ID 1236863-5 ), pp. 55–56.
- Georg Clam Martinic: Austrian Castle Encyclopedia - Palaces, castles and ruins . Landesverlag, Vienna 1991.
- Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-218-00288-5 , p. 171.
Web links
- The second republic was born
- History at the old border (Der Standard, December 4, 2006)
- Entry via Eichbüchl (Aichbüchl) to Burgen-Austria
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg Clam Martinic: Austrian Burgenlexikon - Palaces, castles and ruins. Landesverlag, Vienna 1991, p. 125.
- ↑ Niederösterreichische Nachrichten of June 27, 2011: Neustädter entrepreneur buys Eichbüchl Castle (accessed on November 12, 2012)