Frauenstein Castle (Carinthia)
The late medieval Frauenstein Castle is located in the Frauenstein community north of Sankt Veit an der Glan . It is one of the best preserved late Gothic castles in Carinthia and is a starting point for hiking trails that lead to the ruins of Freiberg Castle and the Kraiger castles . The castle is a former moated castle , one of the few in Carinthia. Today Frauenstein is privately owned.
history
On June 15, 1195 (Monumenta historica Ducatus Carinthiae III 1452), a Gundachir de Fovnstaine appeared in the list of witnesses in a document from the Counts of Heunburg . He was the father of Gundaker II, who lived until 1261, and the grandfather of the Gurk canon Albert, who died in 1267. For the year 1283 a Heidenricus de Vrowenstaine can be proven up to 1295. In 1376 a Hans von Frauenstein was recorded as a burgrave of Kraig . With him the sex died out.
His daughter married a Hans Färber in 1361. After her husband died early, she married his brother Heintzel Färber or Verber, as they also wrote. In 1413 Heinrich Färber was enfeoffed with a tower in Frauenstein. Agnes Färber took over Frauenstein and the nearby Nussberg fortress in 1504 . When she married Andrä Welzer, the castle came into the possession of the Welzer family, who became extremely important for the structural development.
Their daughter, who was also called Agnes, married Christoph Welzer. A plaque on the south gate of the farm building commemorates them, stating that Christoph Welzer and his wife Agnes had completed a large new building in Frauenstein in 1519. This new building is the three-story high east wing, still unchanged today, with a round tower on the north and a square oriel tower on the south-east. The entrance was then on the east side of the castle. At this time, the two halls at ground level also received the coats of arms of Hohenwart and Welzer, carved in stone .
Christof Welzer died in 1550 and his son Moritz Welzer was 1553 Frauenstein invested . A memorial stone above the gate testifies that he also made changes to the castle. He built the arcades on the 1st floor of the east and north wing and in front of the west side he had a porch built. After his death, Frauenstein fell to his second daughter Anna Maria, who was married to Ehrenreich von Trautmannsdorf. The sundial in the castle courtyard with the coats of arms of the Welzer and Trautmannsdorfer recalls the enfeoffment of the Trautmannsdorfer with the castle in 1588. From then on, the castle was only managed by carers.
Adam Gablkoven, the personal physician of Emperor Ferdinand II received Frauenstein in 1636. The last Gablkoven, Baron Ludwig von Gablkoven, sold Frauenstein to Theresia Baroness von Rechbach in 1794. This in turn passed it on to Jakob von Schwerenfeld in 1806, who owned it until 1828. In 1851 Franz Ertl was the owner, he died in 1859. In 1864 the heavily neglected castle was acquired by Countess Wilhelmine Abensperg-Traun . Leo Graf von Abensperg-Traun and Baron von Kulmer followed in 1874, then the Abensperg-Traun family until 1909 . After the death of Eugen Graf von Abensperg-Traun, his widow Emerenzia followed, who in the same year sold it to engineer Otto Wirth (1909–1942). His descendants have owned the castle since 1942.
description
As early as the 12th century, a small, fortified complex was built on a rocky terrace, dominated by a Romanesque round tower. This remained as a connection between the west and east wing after the construction of the castle in the first half of the 16th century. The corners of the palace complex are formed by a total of three round towers. An exception is the southeast corner, where a square bay window with a pointed turret was built. A round chapel tower was also integrated on the outside of the north wing. Particularly noteworthy is the parapet walkway incorporated into the roof structure with a vertical drop opening.
The forecourt of the palace is bordered to the northwest by a longitudinal building with a round corner tower, the Verwalterstöckl , and on the west side by a defensive wall connecting the palace and the forework . A bridge leads to the iron-studded main portal of the west wing and through the entrance hall to the paved inner courtyard of the castle, which is equipped on three sides with beautiful pointed arched and cross-vaulted arcades , while on the south side, next to three round arched arcades, a staircase leads to the staircase to the upper floor and to the wall stairs of the aforementioned old round tower.
On the ground floor of the complex there are numerous vaulted rooms that were intended as living space for strangers and servants as well as for economic ticks. On the upper floor are the representative and stately living rooms, such as the 18th century hunter's room with murals and stucco ceiling with south-eastern bay window, a large salon with adjoining library and in a north-eastern round tower the so-called stone pine cabinet with artistic paneling from the Construction time around 1550.
In addition to the two corner towers, the bedroom and a staircase, the western part of the castle has a spacious living room, equipped with a wooden renaissance field ceiling from the Mölltaler Schloss Großkirchheim , as well as the Kapuziner-Stüberl .
The north tower houses a two-story round chapel, the portal of which bears the year 1521. The upper floor shows a star rib vault with tendril stucco from the first half of the 18th century.
literature
- Hugo Henckel-Donnersmarck: Castles and palaces in Carinthia. Leon, Klagenfurt (2 volumes).
- FX Kohla, GA v. Metnitz, G. Moro: Carinthian Castle Studies Part One - Carinthia's castles, mansions, residences and fortified sites History Association for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1973
- Michael Leischner, Alois Brandstetter: Castles and palaces in Carinthia. Carinthia, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85378-520-4 .
- Hans Luschin: Of towers and castles. Klagenfurt 1987, ISBN 3-85391-064-5 .
- Georg Clam Martinic: Austrian Castle Lexicon. Castles and ruins, mansions, palaces and palaces. 2nd Edition. Landesverlag, Linz 1992, ISBN 3-85214-559-7 .
- Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1973, ISBN 3-218-00229-X .
- Hermann Wiessner, Margareta Vyoral-Tschapka: Castles and palaces in Carinthia - Hermagor, Spittal / Drau, Villach. 2nd expanded edition, Birken-Verlag, Vienna 1986
- Hermann Wiessner, Gerhard Seebach: Castles and palaces around Friesach, St. Veit, Wolfsberg. 2nd expanded edition, Birken-Verlag, Vienna 1977, ISBN 3-85030-035-0
Web links
- Entry via Frauenstein (Carinthia) to Burgen-Austria
Individual evidence
- ^ Hermann Wiessner, Gerhard Seebach: Castles and palaces around Friesach, St. Veit, Wolfsberg , Vienna 1977, p. 23.
- ^ Hermann Wiessner, Gerhard Seebach: Castles and Palaces around Friesach, St. Veit, Wolfsberg , Vienna 1977, p. 24.
- ^ Hermann Wiessner, Gerhard Seebach: Castles and palaces around Friesach, St. Veit, Wolfsberg , Vienna 1977, p. 25.
Coordinates: 46 ° 48 ' N , 14 ° 20' E