Koenigsbrück Castle
The Königsbrück Castle is located on a rocky spur near Königsbrück and is partially surrounded by the Pulsnitz .
history
The castle was originally a wooden border fortress that was necessary to secure the border between the Saxon margraviate of Meißen and the Bohemian margravate of Upper Lusatia . The Pulsnitz was then the border river to the Kingdom of Bohemia. When the old street Frankfurter Geleis was built later, which crossed the Via Regia here, the bridge and escort duty was raised to the “royal bridge”. Hence the name Koenigsbrück.
At the beginning of the 13th century, Königsbrück was fiefdom owned by the von Kamenz family . This emerges from a deed of foundation of the St. Marienstern monastery from October 13, 1248, in which the customs "de theoloneeo in Kunigesbruc" is mentioned. This is also the first mention of Königsbrück.
Under the protection of these border fortresses, a craftsmen's settlement gradually emerged for the merchant wagons passing through here. A 65 × 75 m square was laid out for relaxation and rest, which later developed into a marketplace.
As the first owner by name, Heinricus de Konigesbruck appears on September 8, 1298 as a witness in a certificate from the Margrave of Meißen. This Heinricus was certainly a fief of the Lords of Kamenz and therefore not yet in possession of the manor. This only succeeded Hawlatsch (also Hlaváč) von Dohna after the Kamenz reign had dissolved in 1438. As early as 1346, the main church in Königsbrück was first mentioned in a Meissen register.
A special document dated January 11, 1351, which the Bohemian King Charles IV had issued to the city of Budissin , states that the "oppidum" (city) and Königsbrück Castle should never be separated from the crown of Bohemia and the Bailiwick of Budissin.
In 1454, Ladislaus Postumus , King of Bohemia, enfeoffed the von Dohna brothers "[...] with the seat built by their father Hawlatsch von Dohna in front of the little town." These brothers gradually assimilated the villages on the Upper Lusatian side of the former rule of Kamenz.
1439–1579 the city was owned by the Burgraves of Dohna , whose possessions were first referred to as lordship in 1527 and 1551 . With the death of Christoph von Dohna , who suffered a fatal stroke during a sermon in Bautzen in 1560, this line of Dohna died and the town and royal rule of Königsbrück fell back to the crown of Bohemia as a settled fiefdom. Only the building of the Baderbrücke and the renovation of the old part of the castle with the coat of arms in the exterior plaster of the Wendelstein reminds of this family. Emperor Ferdinand I sold it back to Caspar von Dohna on Straupitz in 1562 , who raised it to the fourth class rule of Upper Lusatia in the same year . The hospital church that he had built still reminds of him.
In 1704, under the rule of Maximilian Freiherr von Schellendorff , the current main castle and the farm buildings with gardening were built. In 1703 the large terrace walls were added. In 1726 the rulership came to Imperial Count Heinrich Friedrich von Friesen on Schönfeld . During this time an open staircase was built, which was later added. In 1752 large greenhouses were built.
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In 1803, Count Peter Karl Wilhelm von Hohenthal took over the palace and its property. During the time of Hohenthal's rule, the orangery of the old castle was demolished and the pilasters on the front were painted. In 1852 the castle passed from the bankruptcy of the Hohenthal family via Ernst to August Wilding , who ran the building down almost to the point of uninhabitable.
In 1893, the Dresden entrepreneur Bruno Naumann - founder and majority shareholder of the precision mechanics company Seidel & Naumann - acquired the estate and the castle. Naumann died in Dresden-Loschwitz in 1903 and was buried in the mausoleum built in 1904 at the Königsbrück church . It was not until April 1917 that the family of his son and only heir could live in the castle after extensive renovations. In April 1945 the Naumann family had to leave Königsbrück.
In 1945/1946 the castle was used as a military hospital by the Soviet military administration in Germany . In 1948 32 bombed-out families from Dresden lived in the building. At the same time, requests were made to demolish the castle.
On July 13, 1948, the Kamenz district decided to demolish only the castle tower for the time being. From 1952 to 1966 the castle was used as a rest home after extensive construction work. On November 1, 1966, the castle was opened as a branch of the Arnsdorf District Hospital for Neurology and Psychiatry . The number of beds was initially 180 beds, later this was increased to 220 beds.
In 1985, the renovation of the exterior of the palace began. In 1994 the psychiatric nursing home was taken over by the Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund (ASB) as operator. On the initiative of the Heimatverein Königsbrück und Umgebung e. V. began in 1997 with the reconstruction of the castle tower. The turret was handed over on June 24, 1998 for the 750th anniversary of Königsbrück.
After the construction of an old people's home in the Königsbrücker Schlosspark and in Bernsdorf , the castle has not been used as a care home since January 2001. After a long period of vacancy due to a change of ownership, the castle was auctioned on August 30, 2016 as part of an auction of the Saxon property auctions in Dresden for a minimum bid of 598,000 euros.
One of the sights is the Königsbrück camellias in a greenhouse belonging to the palace nursery, which are among the oldest camellias in Europe.
literature
- Helmuth Gröger: Castles and palaces in Saxony . Heimatwerk Sachsen publishing house, Dresden, 1940, article on Königsbrück Castle with illustration on pages 156–157
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Rioters in the vacant Königsbrück Castle (Saxony). In: Burgerbe.de. September 1, 2015, accessed September 23, 2016 .
- ↑ Königsbrück Castle auctioned. In: Saxon newspaper . August 31, 2016, accessed September 23, 2016 .
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ′ 45 ″ N , 13 ° 54 ′ 0 ″ E