Butterfly orchid
| Butterfly orchid | ||||||||||||
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Orchid orchid ( Anacamptis papilionacea ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Anacamptis papilionacea | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) RMBateman, Pridgeon & MWChase |
The Butterfly Orchid ( Anacamptis papilionacea (L.) RMBateman, Pridgeon & MWChase , Syn. : Orchis papilionacea L. ) is a plant of the genus anacamptis ( Anacamptis ) within the family of orchid (Orchidaceae).
description
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Vegetative characteristics
The orchid orchid is a bald, perennial herbaceous plant . It forms two subterranean egg-shaped tubers as a permanent organ. The unbranched stem reaches heights of 15 to 40 centimeters. There is a basal rosette with three to eight leaves . The leaf blade is narrow-lanceolate with a length of up to 18 centimeters and a width of about 1.5 centimeters.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from February to May. The dense to loosened inflorescence contains up to 14 flowers. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. The sepals are lanceolate, longitudinally veined and directed obliquely forward. The lip is undivided, broadly heart-shaped or narrower and wedge-shaped and colored red-violet through pink to whitish. Their edge is notched and flat or curved up. The size of the lip is very variable with a length of 9 to 26 millimeters and about the same width. Their surface is often marked dark in the form of a fan, but it can also be monochrome, especially in the central Mediterranean region. The spur is curved downwards and 8 to 14 millimeters long.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.
Occurrence
The orchid orchid occurs from the Mediterranean region to Wallachia and the Caucasus . The orchid orchid grows in forests, garrigues and grasslands .
Systematics
The first publication took place in 1759 under the name ( Basionym ) Orchis papilionacea by Carl von Linné . The new combination to Anacamptis papilionacea (L.) RMBateman, Pridgeon & MWChase took place in 1997 by Bateman et al. This was in the revision of H. Kretzschmar, W. Eccarius and Helga Dietrich in: The orchid genera Anacamptis, Orchis, Neotinea. EchinoMedia-Verlag, Bürgel, 2007 confirmed.
Other synonyms for Anacamptis papilionacea (L.) RMBateman, Pridgeon & MWChase are: Vermeulenia papilionacea (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve , Herorchis papilionacea (L.) D.Tyteca & E. Klein , Orchis papilionacea subsp. bruhnsiana (Gruner) Soó , Orchis rubra Jacq. Bread , Orchis papilionacea var. Rubra (Jacq.). , Orchis papilionacea subsp. rubra (Jacq.) Malag. , Orchis expansa Ten. , Orchis papilionacea var. Expansa (Ten.) Lindl. , Orchis decipiens Bianca , Orchis papilionacea var. Grandiflora Boiss. , Orchis papilionacea var. Decipiens (Bianca) Rchb. f. , Orchis moriopapilionacea Timb.-Lagr. , Orchis papilionacea var. Parviflora Willk. , Orchis papilionacea var. Bruhnsiana Gruner , Orchis caspia Trautv. , Orchis papilionacea var. Major E.G. Camus , Orchis schirwanica Woronow , Orchis papilionacea subsp. schirwanica (Woronow) Soó , Orchis candida A. Terracc. , Orchis papilionacea var. Vexillifera Terraciano , Orchis papilionacea var. Minimus E.G.Camus , Orchis papilionacea var. Rosea Alleiz. , Orchis papilionacea subsp. expansa (Ten.) Guadagno , Orchis bruhnsiana (Gruner) Mojorov ex Grossh. , Orchis papilionacea var. Messenica Renz , Orchis papilionacea subsp. grandiflora (Boiss.) Malag. , Vermeulenia caspia (Trautv.) Á.Löve & D.Löve , Orchis papilionacea subsp. alibertis G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar , Orchis papilionacea var. alibertis (G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar) P.Delforge , Orchis papilionacea subsp. balcanica H. Baumann & R. Lorenz , Orchis papilionacea subsp. messenica (Renz) Kreutz , Orchis papilionacea var. morgetiana H.Baumann & R.Lorenz , Orchis papilionacea subsp. palaestina B. Baumann & R. Lorenz , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. expansa (ten.) Amard. & Dusak , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. alibertis (G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar) H.Kretzschmar, Eccarius & H.Dietr. , Anacamptis papilionacea var. Balcanica (H.Baumann & R.Lorenz) Kreutz , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. grandiflora (Boiss.) Kreutz , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. messenica (Renz) H. Kretzschmar , Eccarius & H.Dietr. , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. palaestina (B. Baumann & R. Lorenz) H. Kretzschmar , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. schirwanica (Woronow) H. Kretzschmar , Anacamptis papilionacea var. nivea F.M.Vázquez , Anacamptis papilionacea var. parviflora (Willk.) FMVázquez , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. thaliae Kreutz, J. Essink & L. Essink , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. rubra (Jacq.) Pérez-Chisc. & JPPrieto , Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. aegaea (P. Delforge) L. Lewis & Kreutz .
Systematics
According to Kretzschmar et al. (2007) distinguish six subspecies, which are not confirmed by the WCSP:
- Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. papilionacea
- Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. alibertis (G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar) H.Kretzschmar, Eccarius & H.Dietr.
- Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. expansa (ten.) Amard. & Dusak
- Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. messenica (Renz) H. Kretzschmar , Eccarius & H.Dietr.
- Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. palaestina (B. Baumann & R. Lorenz) H. Kretzschmar, Eccarius & H. Dietr.
- Anacamptis papilionacea subsp. schirwanica (Voronow) H. Kretzschmar, Eccarius & H.Dietr.
literature
- Ehrentraud Bayer, Karl-Peter Buttler , Xaver Finkenzeller , Jürke Grau : Plants of the Mediterranean (The Colored Nature Guide). Mosaik Verlag GmbH, Munich 1986.
- H. Kretzschmar, W. Eccarius, Helga Dietrich : The orchid genera Anacamptis, Orchis, Neotinea. EchinoMedia-Verlag, Bürgel, 2007, ISBN 9-7-8393-71071-1-0.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Orchis papilionacea at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Anacamptis papilionacea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 24, 2020.
