Black Forest ham
Black Forest ham is a boneless, smoked raw ham that is produced in the Black Forest according to a set product specification. Since 1997 "Black Forest Ham" has been a protected geographical indication ( PGI ) of the European Union.
Black Forest Speck is made from pork belly in the same way , but this name is not protected.
production method
For the production, the ham is cured dry and with in-house spice mixtures, etc. a. rubbed with garlic , coriander , pepper and juniper . The ham is then layered in containers, with meat juice emerging, which forms the brine. After a few weeks' dwell time, the hams are removed from the brine and stored in a dry place for a few days so that they can burn through . The ham is then cold-smoked for at least a week in special, brick-built smoking chambers with conifers and sawdust from the Black Forest. The smoking is followed by several weeks of dry storage for maturation in specially air-conditioned rooms. This gives the ham its characteristic, strong aroma and a typical black-brown rind .
Black Forest ham typically has a degree of dehydration of around 25% and a water-protein ratio of 2.2: 1 based on the whole ham.
Origin from the Black Forest
Origin of the pork legs
The meat for the ham does not have to come from the geographically defined area of the Black Forest, but can be obtained freely from Germany and other origins. The pork legs come from pigs from Baden-Württemberg (10%), from other German federal states (70%) and from other EU countries (20%).
Processing into ham
For sale in the EU, the ham must be produced in the Black Forest, ie in the region between Pforzheim in the north and Lörrach in the south. Since 2005 it has also had to be cut and packaged there. Abraham Schinken , which seasons and smokes ham in Schiltach in the Black Forest , appealed against this determination . The company wants to cut and pack these hams in its plant in northern Germany. Against this, the relevant protection association of the Black Forest ham manufacturers has turned against. After 14 years of litigation that went as far as the European Court of Justice , the Federal Patent Court ruled in August 2019 that Black Forest ham can also be cut and packaged outside the Black Forest. The protection association has again lodged a complaint with the BGH .
Quality features through protective bandage
The Protection Association of Black Forest Ham Manufacturers e. V. in Villingen-Schwenningen has 13 member companies and three guilds. The quality is controlled. Special quality features are z. B. 50-day dry curing at 5 ° Celsius, at least one week smoking over local conifers at 20 to 30 ° Celsius, processing exclusively in the Black Forest.
demand
In 2018, the amount sold was 61 million kilograms. 85% of the amount was sold via discounters, 10% via specialist retailers and 5% via catering.
Web links
- Association of Black Forest ham producers, producer organization
- List of manufacturers for the protected geographical indication of Black Forest ham. (PDF) Karlsruhe Regional Council (as of April 2020). Retrieved May 19, 2020
Individual evidence
- ^ German Patent and Trademark Office: Update of the product specification "Black Forest ham" . DE Markenblatt, Issue 35 (Part 7e-bb), from August 30, 2013.
- ↑ Entry on Black Forest ham in the Database of Origin and Registration (DOOR) of the Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development of the European Commission .
- ↑ Riesterhof: Original Black Forest ham on YouTube. (Steps of manufacture).
- ↑ Spices and Smoke. In: Südkurier from June 13, 2015. Agency code: dpa.
- ↑ dpa: Black Forest ham must be packed in the Black Forest. Judgment of the patent court. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. October 13, 2011, accessed May 19, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Gerd Lache: Black Forest ham is still in demand. In: Südkurier , August 30, 2019.
- ↑ The Black Forest ham packaging dispute decided before the ECJ. Meyer-Dulheuer MD Legal Patentanwälte, December 19, 2018, accessed on May 19, 2020 (describes the legal positions).
- ↑ Helena Hauser: Black Forest ham: Bell achieves success with Harmsen Utescher and Loschelder before the Federal Patent Court. In: juve.de. NWB Verlag, September 19, 2019, accessed on January 17, 2020 .
- ↑ Federal Patent Court: Az 30 W (pat) 33/09. Black Forest ham III. August 12, 2019, accessed January 17, 2020 .
- ↑ Quality characteristics of the Black Forest ham , defined for members of the protection association of the Black Forest ham manufacturers