Real coriander

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Real coriander
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum)

Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Genre : Coriander ( coriandrum )
Type : Real coriander
Scientific name
Coriandrum sativum
L.

The real coriander ( Coriandrum sativum ) is a plant species in the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae). It is used as a spice and medicinal plant.

Naming

The name coriander (from Latin coriandrum from Greek koríandron / koríannon , "bug dill") is derived from the Greek words kóris (for bug ) and amon or aneson (for anise or dill ) due to the smell of the plant . Other common names are Arabic parsley , Asian parsley, Chinese parsley, garden coriander, built coriander, spiced coriander, Indian parsley, caliander, Klanner, vertigo grain, vertigo herb, stinkdill, wall lice herb, bug bugs, bugwort or bug cumin. In the Anglo-American language area, the coriander herb is referred to by the name Cilantro , which comes from Spanish and is commonly used in Central America and originally means the local long coriander (Eryngium foetidum), also Culantro or Mexican coriander.

description

Illustration from Koehler's medicinal plants : “Real coriander. AB plant in natural Size; 1 disc flower, enlarged; 2 marginal flower, the like; 3 petals of the disc flower, the like; 4 petals of the marginal flower, middle and side, the like; 5 stamen, the like; 6 pollen; the same; 7 u. 8 ovaries with calyx, the like; 9 the same figure in longitudinal section; 10 ovaries in cross section, the like; 11 fruit, the like; 12 partial fruits, from the joint side, the like; 13 fruit in longitudinal section, the like; 14 the same in cross section, the same. "
Foliage leaves
Inflorescence from above
Coriander fruits
Real coriander
Coriandrum sativum , illustration

Appearance and leaf

Coriander grows as an annual herbaceous plant . The stature height is between 30 and 90 cm depending on the location, variety and use. The smell of the plant parts is very similar to the smell of the vapors of various types of bedbugs . A slender “rhizome” is formed. The longitudinally grooved stem is round in cross section. All parts of the plant above ground are bare. The shape of the younger leaves differs significantly from the older ones. The young leaves are rather rounded, broad and cut into three parts, while the older leaves are bipinnate and finely divided.

Inflorescence, flower and fruit

The flowering period is from June to July and lasts about four weeks. The double-gold inflorescence standing on a long inflorescence stem is flat and three- to five-pointed. The umbel envelope is missing and only consists of a few filiform leaflets. The döldchen only have shells on their outside. Coriander flowers white. During the flowering period, bees fly over coriander.

The fruits are almost spherical and in two parts. They usually stay together after graduation. The seeds are yellow to brown on the outside, sometimes purple towards the tip and the inside is light-colored. The seeds are vertically grooved on the outside and hollow on the inside. As the seeds ripen, the bug-like odor of the plant and seeds decreases. Depending on the origin, the seeds are 2.5 to 5 mm in size. The thousand grain mass is between 2 and 10 grams. The seeds can be kept for about 3 years, are kept at a constant temperature below 10 ° C and a seed moisture content of less than 10%, but are able to germinate for a longer time, up to a maximum of 6 years. However, some breeders still achieve germination successes of over 80 percent even after 8 years of dry seed storage at room temperature.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2 n = 20 or 22.

Distinction

The very similar hollow seed ( Bifora radians ) differs from the coriander ( Coriandrum sativum ) by the two-spherical fruits.

ingredients

The seeds of the coriander contain coriander oil , approx. 0.3–2% essential oil (Oleum coriandri aethereum, distillatum), which mainly consists of the monoterpenes ; Linalool , camphor , γ-terpine and α-pinene and the like. a. consists. The composition also varies depending on the maturity of the seeds. These substances in particular ensure the pleasant smell of the seeds and only come into their own after drying. The seeds also contain around 13–23% fatty oil (oleum coriandri), the triglycerides of which consist mainly of esters with petroselinic acid , linoleic and oleic acid . The fatty oil can be used as a substitute for palm oil and coconut oil , which are used in detergents (base material) and in cosmetics production or leather processing. The herb and the roots also contain essential oil, which consists of 85–95% aliphatic aldehydes , but very little, only about 0.1–0.25%.

Cultivation and harvest

Coriander is grown as an annual. For the leaf harvest it is sown in subsequent batches. Direct sowing outdoors is carried out in rows with a distance of 20 to 25 cm from one another. If no precision seed drill is used, it is thinned to a final distance of 15 to 20 cm after germination. Fresh seeds germinate easily. The germination takes place independently of light. The seed is only covered with soil for better moisture. The seedlings are somewhat frost hardy. Coriander makes no great demands on crop rotation. Adequate watering is important in the growing phase for young plants. A temperature range of 5 ° C to 25 ° C is necessary for optimal germination. Special batches of seeds also germinate in a narrower temperature range between 10 and 20 ° C. Too little watering in the youth phase causes drought stress, which leads to premature flower induction (shoots). The cultivation takes place as direct sowing outdoors or as a pot culture in a greenhouse. It is also possible to grow them in compact earth pots in the greenhouse to early harvest. Coriander prefers a sunny, rather partially shaded location. It does best in well drained, light soils. For potting, 25 seeds are sown in 12 cm pots. For good growth, fertilization supplementation with liquid fertilizer and for more compact growth, slightly wiping cloths or foils have proven to be a mechanical stimulus. The harvest takes place from July to the beginning of August, but shortly before full ripeness, because otherwise the seeds can easily detach from the umbel, which leads to harvest losses. Coriander takes 20 to 28 weeks from sowing to harvest, an average of 24 weeks. The yield of coriander seeds is up to 2 tons per hectare with an oil content of 20–22%.

Coriander is propagated using seeds.

Diseases and pests

In coriander, umbel wilt ( Pseudomonas syringae pv. Coriandricola ), which is also known as umbel brandy, is known to affect bacterial diseases . Flower blight is caused by the fungus Colletothrichum gloeosporioides . Spots on the leaves are caused by yellow wilt ( Ramularia coriandri ), Phyllosticta coriandri and powdery mildew ( Erysiphe polygoni ). The bacteriosis Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora , Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium spp. Soft bugs occasionally appear as animal polluters. Insect infestation is otherwise less known. Very warm, dry growing conditions are unfavorable, as slow growth and seed loss during harvest can cause severe yield decreases.

Oil extraction

The essential coriander oil is obtained from the seeds by means of steam distillation .

Bunch of fresh coriander leaves
Coriander fruits, size 2 to 3 mm
Real coriander, whole and ground

Use in the kitchen

Herbs and seeds (more correctly: fruits) are widely used kitchen spices. The smell / taste of the two is very different; they cannot replace each other. The areas in which herbs and seeds are heavily used are also different. While the seeds play a larger role in Europe , the green parts of the plant are mainly used in South American and Southeast Asian cuisine , but also in southern Portugal, especially in the Alentejo and the Algarve . In Indian cuisine , both seeds are used and often leaves. In Thailand , the roots are used like those of parsley or root parsley .

Coriander herb

The strong aroma, determined by the high aldehyde content and perceived as musky, lemon-like or soapy, gives the fresh coriander herb an unmistakable character, which is one of the common garden herbs in regions such as Southeast Asia or Latin America and is often used, while coriander is used in Europe and other regions Asia is felt by many people to get used to. The feathery leaves of older plants can be chopped into sauces or fillings and are also popular as a garnish. Coriander greens are also used in salads or served with cheese, meat or fish dishes. Fresh coriander is a main component of the Canary Islands derived verde Mojo and the Chilean Kräutertunke Pebre .

Coriander seeds

The (dried) fruits called "coriander seeds" should be roasted briefly and, if possible, always freshly ground; Otherwise, the non-volatile bitter substances quickly outweigh the volatile aromatic substances, and the dishes seasoned with them become bitter instead of aromatic. Ground seeds are used to season bread, biscuits, cabbage dishes, legumes and pumpkins. Coriander is a component of spice mixtures such as curry powder , curry paste and gingerbread spice . In fact, most of the cilantro production is processed into curry powder. Coriander is often combined with cumin . Coriander is also used for liquor. In addition to salty dishes such as meat, sausage, sauce, vegetables and marinades , coriander can also be used for compote . One type of beer, Gose , which is native to Saxony-Anhalt and Saxony , is flavored with coriander. The seeds can also be brewed as a tea.

Coriander is a main spice in Georgian cuisine. Tkemali is a very popular Georgian mirabelle or plum sauce that is made with whole or ground seeds, depending on the variety. Coriander is also used in North Africa.

Aversion to coriander leaves

The smell of coriander leaves is often compared to that of bed bugs. The coriander aroma is caused by aldehydes , which can also be found in soaps in this or similar form . Some insects create similar smells by breaking down fat molecules to attract or deter other animals.

In people who are not familiar with this aroma, the brain may recognize the similarity to soap and the body reacts with strong instinctive defense reactions, which can lead to vomiting.

Additionally, the aversion to coriander leaves may have a genetic component, at least in some people. Charles J. Wysocki of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia has examined this in several studies. Many people have overcome their initial aversion to coriander leaves after repeated consumption.

Coriander essential oil (Coriandri oleum)

Medical importance

Coriander has also been used in herbal medicine since ancient Egypt . The dried fruits are used as a drug . The essential oil is said to have an appetizing, digestive, antispasmodic and soothing effect on stomach and intestinal ailments. Coriander is accordingly included in some preparations for stomach and intestinal disorders. However, coriander is weaker than caraway or fennel . To do this, the seeds have to be crushed or crushed, otherwise the oils cannot be dissolved out with water. Coriander can also be used against flatulence in animals. Statistics in Switzerland show that 15% of all allergy sufferers are sensitive to coriander. This hypersensitivity is part of the celery-mugwort syndrome. In sensitive people, the plant sap can also cause photoallergic skin reactions when exposed to sunlight.

Cosmetics

It is also used in the perfume industry because of its warm, aromatic and spicy scent. It is mainly used to round off and harmonize the individual components. The leaves smell of bedbugs, the berries of anise.

Common names

For the real coriander, also known as coriander for short , the other German-language trivial names Böbberli ( Appenzell ), Calander ( Middle High German ), Cholinder (Middle High German), Chollantir ( Old High German ), Chullantar (Old High German), Ciriander (Middle High German), Clander, Cölegrase (Middle High German), Colander (Middle High German), Coliander (Middle High German), Coliandur (Middle High German), Collindir (Old High German), Coreandrencraut (Middle High German), Coriandercrude ( Middle Low German), Coriandercrut ( Middle Low German ), Coriandercrut (Middle Low German), Coriandererklein Coriander, Corandern (Middle High German), Coriandre (Middle High German), Corrander (Middle High German), Creander (Old High German), Galander (Middle High German), Galiander (Middle High German), Goliander (Middle High German), Holenter (Old High German), Holunter (Old High German), Holunter (Old High German), Holunter (Old High German), Holunter (Old High German) ), Kalanner ( Mecklenburg ), Klan ner (Mecklenburg), Kolander (Middle High German), Kolgras (Old High German), Koliander (Middle High German), Kolinder (Middle High German), Koller (Middle High German), Krapenkörner ( Lucerne ), Krollo (Old High German), Kullandar (Middle High German), Luopi, Luppi, Pöperli (Appenzell), Rügelikümmi ( Switzerland ), vertigo seeds, vertigo herb, stinkdill ( Pomerania ), wantlusenkrut (Middle Low German), wanzel herb, bug herb and bug dill.

history

The Mediterranean area is assumed to be the region of origin. Coriander is wild, but not known to be wild. According to R. Hand, it originally occurs in Algeria, Sinai, Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, Bulgaria, Croatia and Slovenia. Its originality is doubtful in Serbia, Georgia and in the Caucasus.

The real coriander is used as a medicinal and aromatic plant in culture and worldwide.

The plant has been used since 5000 BC. The seed was also found in the Nahal Hemar cave in Israel. A now in the British Museum located clay tablet lists coriander among the plants in the palace garden of the Babylonian king Marduk-apla-iddina II. The seeds are used probably in ancient Egypt; for they were found during excavations, as in the tomb of Tutankhamun . Even the Roman coriander was known and by Pliny mentioned. It was mentioned in China as early as 400 AD and in Great Britain in 1066. In the 15th century it experienced its gradual spread over northern Europe through humans, where in the 17th century coriander was used for perfume and was one of the first herbs to be introduced to North America by immigrants in 1670. Until 1956, no selected varieties of coriander were known. Today the plant is cultivated in Central, South and North America, especially Mexico , as well as in Africa (Egypt, Morocco ) and Europe (France, Turkey, Hungary , Germany, Italy, Austria, Georgia ) and Asia (China, India) , Iran , Thailand).

swell

Historical illustrations

See also

Web links

Commons : Real coriander ( Coriandrum sativum )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Baptist Hofmann : Etymological dictionary of the Greek. Munich 1950, supplemented reprint 1966, p. 155.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f J. Becker-Dillingen: Handbook of the entire vegetable production, including the kitchen herbs. 6th Edition, P. Parey, 1956, pp. 685-686.
  3. ^ Adam Lonitzer : Kreuterbuch ... (Frankfurt am Main 1557), ed. by Peter Uffenbach, Ulm an der Donau 1679, p. 205 ("Coriander, Coriandrum ... is otherwise called Wantzendill").
  4. ↑ Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages
  5. ^ BK Warrier et al .: Indian Medicinal Plants: A Compendium Of 500 Species. Volume 2, Orient Blackswan, 1994, ISBN 978-81-250-0246-8 , pp. 184-188.
  6. ↑ a b J. C. Röhlings: Germany's flora. Volume 2, Verlag F. Wilmans, 1826, p. 366.
  7. ↑ a b c M. L. Herbs: Herbs and spices from your own garden. 12th edition, BLV Buchverlag GmbH & Co.KG, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-8354-0324-6 , pp. 67-69.
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g M-L. Rottmann-Meyer: Coriander model cultivation project in Lower Saxony. In: Gartenbaumagazin No. 12, Thalacker Verlag, 1993, pp. 26-27.
  9. ↑ Rothmaler: Herbaceous useful and ornamental plants. Spectrum academic publishing house, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 , p. 400.
  10. ↑ a b c d e f M. Kretschmer: Saatgutportrait: Coriander (Coriandrum sativum). In: vegetables. No. 12, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, p. 711.
  11. ↑ a b c d Vilmorin-Andrieux & Cie: Les Plantes Potagères - Description et culture des prinicpaux légumes des climat tempérés - Coriandre. Quatrième Édition, 1925, pp. 207–208.
  12. ↑ a b B. Hlava, D. Lanska: Lexicon of kitchen herbs. German translation, VovaPart Verlag, Munich 1977, pp. 116–117.
  13. ↑ FM Hornung: Personal Notes, Own Coriander Cultivation Trials 2006–2014.
  14. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 705 .
  15. ↑ R. Hänsel, O. Sticher: Pharmakognosie- Phytopharmazie. In: Horticultural magazine. No. 12, Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-3-642-00962-4 , pp. 966-967.
  16. ^ A b G. Stables, MS Kristiansen: Ethnic culinary herbs: a guide to identification and cultivation in Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press, 1999, ISBN 978-0-8248-2094-7 , pp. 30-32.
  17. ↑ AO Tucker, T. DeBaggio: The Encyclopedia of Herbs: A Comprehensive Reference to Herbs of Flavor and Fragrance. 2nd Edition, Timber Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-88192-994-2 , pp. 213-216.
  18. ↑ a b c d C. Theiler-Hedtrich: Herbs for the senses - seeing, smelling, tasting. Information brochure Kräuter, Samen Mauser AG, Winterthur 2000, pp. 1-20.
  19. ↑ R. Ragnat, R. Koch, H. Sauer, D. Klein: Coriander in a pot - varieties, fertilization, mechanical irritation. In: ÖKOmenischer Gärtnerrundbrief. No. 02, 2009, pp. 18-19.
  20. ↑ G. Crüger: Plant protection in vegetable cultivation. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3191-9 , p. 254.
  21. ^ Alan Eaton Davidson : The Oxford Companion to Food . Ed .: Tom Jaine. 3. Edition. Oxford University Press , New York 2014, ISBN 978-0-19-104072-6 , keyword “coriander” .
  22. ^ A b c J. Seidemann: World spice plants. Springer, 2005, ISBN 978-3-540-22279-8 , pp. 116-117.
  23. ^ Pia Heinemann : Genetic research: Why many people are disgusted with coriander. In: Die Welt , December 16, 2012, accessed June 7, 2018.
  24. ↑ Viventura Reisen: Pebre: a dip from Chile . Published October 1, 2012, accessed June 7, 2018.
  25. ↑ a b c P. Hanelt, R. Büttner, R. Mansfeld: Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops (except ornamentals) , Volume 5. Springer, 2001, ISBN 978-3-540-41017-1 , p. 1267– 1260.
  26. ↑ Harold McGee : Cilantro Haters, It's Not Your Fault. New York Times, April 14, 2010.
  27. ↑ Otto Geßner: The poisonous and medicinal plants of Central Europe (pharmacology, toxicology, therapy) . Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, Heidelberg 1953, p. 437.
  28. ↑ Heinz Schilcher , Manfred Fischer, Bruno Frank, Susanne Kammerer, Tankred Wegener: Guide to Phytotherapy. 5th edition, Elsevier / Urban & Fischer , Munich 2016, ISBN 978-3-437-55344-8 , pp. 194 f.
  29. ^ SG Wynn, B. Fougère: Veterinary herbal medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2007, ISBN 978-0-323-02998-8 , p. 67.
  30. ↑ Lothar Jäger, Brunello Wüthrich, Barbara Ballmer-Weber, Stefan Viehs (eds.): Food allergies and intolerances. Immunology, diagnostics, therapy, prophylaxis. 3rd, revised edition, Elsevier, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-437-21362-5 , p. 189.
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  32. ↑ M. Bährle-Rapp: Springer Lexicon cosmetics and body care. 3. Edition. Springer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-71094-3 , p. 129.
  33. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hanover 1882, p. 110 f. ( online ).
  34. ↑ a b R. Hand (2011): Apiaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Coriandrum data sheet
  35. ↑ ME Kislev: Nahal Hemar cave, desiccated plant remains: an Interim report. Atiqot 18, 1988, pp. 76-81.
  36. ^ [1] Online Collections of the British Museum, inventory number 46226
  37. ↑ H. Saul H, M. Madella, A. Fischer, A. Glykou, S. Hartz et al .: Phytoliths in Pottery Reveal the Use of Spice in European Prehistoric Cuisine. PLoS ONE 8 (8), 2013: e70583. doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0070583
  38. ↑ C. Plinii Secundi Naturalis historia. Edited by D. Detlefsen , Berlin 1866–1882, Book III, p. 243 f. (Chapter 20)
  39. ↑ E. Small: Culinary herbs. 2nd edition, NRC (National Research Council) Research Press Canada, 2006, ISBN 978-0-8248-2094-7 , pp. 315-320.
  40. ↑ George Arthur Stuart: Chinese Materia Medica. Vegetable Kingdom. Shanghai 1911, p. 127: Coriandrum sativum (芫荽 yán suī, 胡 荽 hú suī) (digitized version )
  41. ↑ Pedanios Dioscurides . 1st century: De Medicinali Materia libri quinque. Translation. Julius Berendes . Pedanius Dioscurides' medicine theory in 5 books. Enke, Stuttgart 1902, p. 304 (Book III, Chapter 64): Korion (digitized)
  42. ↑ Pliny the Elder , 1st century: Naturalis historia book XX, chapter lxxxii (§ 216–218): Coriandrum (digitized version ) ; Translation Külb 1855 (digitized version )
  43. ↑ Galen , 2nd century De simplicium medicamentorum temperamentis ac facultatibus , Book VII, Chapter X / 43: (based on the Kühn 1826 edition, Volume XII, p. 36): Coriandrum (digitized version )
  44. ^ Pseudo-Apuleius . First printing: Rome 1481, No 105: Herba Coriandrum (digitized)
  45. ↑ Avicenna , 11th century: Canon of Medicine . Translation and adaptation by Gerhard von Cremona , Arnaldus de Villanova and Andrea Alpago (1450–1521). Basel 1556, Volume II, Chapter 143: Coriandrum (digital copy )
  46. ↑ Circa instans 12th century print. Venice 1497, p. 195v: Coriandrum (digitized)
  47. ^ Pseudo-Serapion 13th century, print. Venice 1497, sheet 103v (No XXXIIII): Coriandrum (digitized version )
  48. ↑ Abu Muhammad ibn al-Baitar , 13th century, Kitāb al-jāmiʿ li-mufradāt al-adwiya wa al-aghdhiya. Translation. Joseph Sontheimer under the title Large compilation on the powers of the well-known simple healing and food. Hallberger, Stuttgart Volume II 1842, pp. 372–377 (digitized version )
  49. ^ Pseudo-Macer . Edition: Ludwig Choulant. Macer floridus de virtutibus herbarum… Leipzig 1832, Chapter 29 (pp. 68–69): Coriandrum (digitized version )
  50. ^ German Macer . After: Bernhard Schnell, William Crossgrove: The German Macer. Vulgate version. Niemeyer, Tübingen 2003, p. 348 (Chapter 30). Cpg 226 , Alsace, 1459–1469, sheet 191r: Coriander (digitized) . Transcription: (.xxix. Coriander is cold and a part of trucker nature (Vmb that says Galienus that pushing the krut with a win and pressing the spindleworm / or whoever pushes the nuczet with honey (The coriander with honey rubs what is rusty and namely the gemecht (Coriander same pressed thickly with water the rure (Coriander seeds / silver foam / blywiss essich / vnd rosen oley the five are made into seeds, dauon make an ointment / with this one puffs holy for and other swelling that rises from hicz / (Coriander seeds tempered with food also helps / (A crumbly bread soaked in coriander juice is also good, the sorts bose hicz where it is vff leyed (the juice bonen mel tempered to seeds spreads the black puffs are leyed there) (It is also well vff the truse leyt which is called scrofula when it turns (it also says ettlich masters who have tercianam yßet he dry coriander seeds ee es jne angeet it helps ( It also helps in front of the same who is looking for the coriander vff sin heupt when someone says it to gen wil / Senocrates a master says how many coriander seeds korner a wib it as a poor day she looks for jr (Coriander steticlichen eaten brings death or looks great
  51. ^ Konrad von Megenberg , 14th century: Book of nature. Output. Franz Pfeiffer . Aue, Stuttgart 1861, p. 395 (V / 30): Bugweed (digitized version )
  52. ↑ Nikolaus Frauenlob 15th century Pharmacopoeia. Cpg 583 , South-West Germany (Mattighofen), 1482–1486, sheets 32v – 33r (digitized version ) . Transcription (the places marked in bold are categorized in the manuscript ): Coriander has blacks sam vnd is not in common at other ends and grows peÿ the lewtts Pro capitis dolore valet Man sal the seeds zest with esich and paÿ ainem fewr whale mixed up and with it sal you coat the body that is ruffy and cranky and who has the hawpp we do the push the sam with rose oil and smear the haupp with it so it will pas whether the person has no stool Man sal coriander sam boil in water whale and often drink from it that makes the pauch waich Who wants to sell rawden kreczen ader platern wil man sal pawmöl with coriander juice mix together and the vngent should be put on the kecz vein onf the rawden and one puts the sams a plaster onf the plater that is good and uses the vnflat out and is healed Item for dÿ tercian febres Man sal coriander sam iij or iiij körner essen before the ee dÿ tercian febres berürent the people when then dÿ zeÿt kümbt the dÿ febres filling on gen so mue sy not Gewürcken who then wüerm jm pauch etc. Man sal Coriander with wine vein with esseich wal boil and drink who help jm against the swell wil Man sal Coriander with honey pounding and open dÿ geswulst put the help against manigerlaÿ gswulst vnd ​​also helps the power or one sal coriander mix in it vnd ​​ain waÿczen procken jnn zuo bump and on the dÿ geswulst put the help for all hatefulness or also allain sal man nüczen protests with corindöczen on the bulge put the help against all bulged - Cpg 666 , Kurpfalz, 1478–1480, sheet 98v – 99r (digital copy ) . Transcription: C oriander is a good herb and has seeds like fleas and is on some common ones and is common on some common ones and grows with the lewten a The seeds are pounded with vinegar and a few wolves mixed up and the leip do with anointing the kreczig jst b and whoever is there at all we do the tossing the seeds with rose oil and smear them with rose oil and smear them with c whether the people don't like it Man sal Coriander seeds jn water wol syden and offt dor but then drink that gives way pauche d Who the rewden vein the tick / vein the platern will help man sal pon mele with coriander juice mixed up and daz vngent sal man onf dy kecz put vein onf dy rough daz heals and then you put a plaster on the plaster daz is good and uses the vnflat from e Who against tercianas febres will help Man sal Coriander same iij ader iiij korner eat before e dÿ tercian febres the people berurt when then dÿ zeytt kumbt daz dy febres should be so much en sy nit Gewircken f Which person warm jm pauch have to poke sal Coriander with wine vein with vinegar vnd dor jnne syden vnd dor drank daz helps wil g Who against the swell help wil Man sal Coriander with honey to poke up dÿ laid bulge helps against some bulge and sunderlich the gemecht
  53. ↑ Herbarius Moguntinus , Mainz 1484, Part I, Chapter 41: Coriandrum. Coriander (digitized version )
  54. ↑ Gart der Gesundheit . Mainz 1485, Chapter 104: Coriandrum. Coriander (digitized version )
  55. ↑ Hortus sanitatis 1491, Mainz 1491, Part I, Chapter 137: Coriandrum (digitized version )
  56. ↑ Paracelsus - Oporinus : Scholia & Observationes quaedam perutiles in Macri Poemata de Virtutibus Herbarum, & c. quas Ioh. Oporinus (dum per triennium aut ultra Theophrasti esset Amanuensis) ex ore dictantis studiose exceperat. (Useful comments and observations on the Macer poems about the powers of medicinal plants, which Johannes Oporinus - three years or more scribe of Paracelsus - has eagerly selected from the heard.) Huser edition of the works of Paracelsus, Basel 1590, part 7, page 272–273: Coriandrum (digitized version )
  57. ^ Otto Brunfels : Contrafayt Kreüterbůch . Johann Schott, Strasbourg 1532, p. 117: Coriander (digitized version )
  58. ↑ Hieronymus Bock : New Kreütter Bůch . Wendel Rihel, Strasbourg 1539, Part I, Chapter 36: Coriander (digitized version )
  59. ↑ Leonhart Fuchs : New Kreütterbuch… Michael Isingrin, Basel 1543, Chapter 130: Coriander (digitized version )
  60. ^ Pietro Andrea Mattioli : Commentarii, in libros sex Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei, de medica materia. Translation by Georg Handsch, edited by Joachim Camerarius the Younger , Johan Feyerabend, Franckfurt am Mayn 1586, sheet 265v – 266r: Coriander (digitized)
  61. ↑ Nicolas Lémery  : Dictionnaire universel des drogues simples. , Paris 1699, pp. 220-221: Coriandrum (digitized version ) ; Translation. Complete material lexicon. Initially drafted in French, but now after the third edition, which has been enlarged by a large [...] edition, translated into high German / By Christoph Friedrich Richtern, [...]. Leipzig: Johann Friedrich Braun, 1721, Sp. 344: Coriandrum (digitized version )
  62. ↑ Albrecht von Haller (editor): Onomatologia medica completa or Medicinisches Lexicon which explains all names and artificial words which are peculiar to the science of medicine and the art of pharmacy clearly and completely [...]. Gaumische Handlung, Ulm / Frankfurt am Main / Leipzig 1755, pp. 484–485: Coriandrum (digitized version )
  63. ^ William Cullen : A treatise of the materia medica. Charles Elliot, Edinburgh 1789. Volume II, p. 158: Coriandrum (digitized version ) . German. Samuel Hahnemann . Schwickert, Leipzig 1790. Volume II, pp. 184-185: Coriander (digitized)
  64. ↑ August Friedrich Hecker 's practical medicine theory. Revised and enriched with the latest discoveries by a practicing doctor . Camesius, Volume II 1815, pp. 85–86: Semen Coriandri (digitized version )
  65. ↑ Jonathan Pereira’s Handbook of Medicines Doctrine. From the point of view of the German Medicin edited by Rudolf Buchheim . Leopold Voß, Leipzig 1846-48 Volume II 1848, p. 538: Coriandrum sativum (digitized version )
  66. ^ Theodor Husemann : Handbook of the entire drug theory. Springer, Berlin 2nd edition 1883, p. 417 (digitized version)