Mirabelle

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Mirabelle
Mirabelle tree high.jpg

Mirabelle ( Prunus domestica subsp. Syriaca )

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Stone fruit family (Amygdaleae)
Genre : Prunus
Type : Plum ( Prunus domestica )
Subspecies : Mirabelle
Scientific name
Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca
( Borkh. ) Janch. ex Mansf.
Bloom in detail.
Early Mirabelle from Bergthold
Mirabelle de Septembre
Flotow's Mirabelle
Pillnitz Mirabelle

The mirabelle plum ( Prunus domestica subsp. Syriaca ), also known as yellow plum , is a subspecies of the plum . The mirabelle plum is often confused by laypeople with the cherry plum, which looks similar in size and shape . However, this has a smoother and (especially after cooking) acidic skin, is usually not stone-releasing and, in contrast to the late-blooming mirabelle plum, flowers very early, almost the first of the year.

features

The mirabelle plum is a thornless , bulky tree . The annual branches are hairy.

The five petals are greenish.

The stone fruit has a diameter of 2 to 3 centimeters, is spherical, deep wax yellow and often with reddish dots or green. The flesh is very sweet and easily separates from the stone core. This is round-egg-shaped. Its thickness corresponds to 72 to 80% of the length and its dorsal furrow shows only sparse crest marks.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

origin

According to Oberdorfer, the mirabelle plum native to Asia Minor and Northern Persia is derived from a cross between the plum and the cherry plum , perhaps also from a cross between the plum and the blackthorn .

Systematics

The mirabelle plum was first described in 1803 by Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen as Prunus syriaca . Erwin Janchen classified it in 1959 as Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca to the rank of a subspecies of the plum ( Prunus domestica ).

use

The mirabelle plum is grown as a fruit in Central and Southern Europe and North Africa . In Central Europe , the main growing areas are in Lorraine , the Middle Rhine, the Palatinate and Main Franconia . In Lorraine alone, around 250,000 mirabelle trees grow, from which 15,000 tons of the fruit, 70% of world production, are harvested annually. Among other things, a spirit is produced from the fruits, the Mirabelle brandy .

Well-known varieties are:

Web links

Commons : Mirabelle  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Mirabelle  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
  • Johannes Müller: Germany's types of fruit. 7 volumes. Eckstein and Steels, Stuttgart 1905–1934, DNB 018244742 . A specialist book in which more than 300 apple, pear, plum, strawberry, apricot and grape varieties are described with illustrations; (on-line)
  • Leaves, blossoms, tree identification

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g Hildemar Scholz, Ilse Scholz: Prunus. In: Hans. J. Conert et al. a. (Ed.): Gustav Hegi. Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Volume 4 Part 2B: Spermatophyta: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (3). Rosaceae 2 . Blackwell 1995, ISBN 3-8263-2533-8 .
  2. ^ E. Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. 573.
  3. tourisme-lorraine.fr
  4. The name Miracose has been protected under registration number 302008024348 since October 8, 2008 for the goods “seeds, living plants and natural flowers” ​​at the German Patent and Trademark Office as a registered trademark of Ahrenz + Sieberz GmbH & Co KG. Link to the DPMAregister
  5. a b Hubert Siegler: Trends in XXL-sized mirabelle plums . Bavarian State Institute for Viticulture and Horticulture, Würzburg Veitshöchheim ( online ( memento from July 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) PDF; 82 kB).