Mirabelle
Mirabelle | ||||||||||||
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Mirabelle ( Prunus domestica subsp. Syriaca ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca | ||||||||||||
( Borkh. ) Janch. ex Mansf. |
The mirabelle plum ( Prunus domestica subsp. Syriaca ), also known as yellow plum , is a subspecies of the plum . The mirabelle plum is often confused by laypeople with the cherry plum, which looks similar in size and shape . However, this has a smoother and (especially after cooking) acidic skin, is usually not stone-releasing and, in contrast to the late-blooming mirabelle plum, flowers very early, almost the first of the year.
features
The mirabelle plum is a thornless , bulky tree . The annual branches are hairy.
The five petals are greenish.
The stone fruit has a diameter of 2 to 3 centimeters, is spherical, deep wax yellow and often with reddish dots or green. The flesh is very sweet and easily separates from the stone core. This is round-egg-shaped. Its thickness corresponds to 72 to 80% of the length and its dorsal furrow shows only sparse crest marks.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
origin
According to Oberdorfer, the mirabelle plum native to Asia Minor and Northern Persia is derived from a cross between the plum and the cherry plum , perhaps also from a cross between the plum and the blackthorn .
Systematics
The mirabelle plum was first described in 1803 by Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen as Prunus syriaca . Erwin Janchen classified it in 1959 as Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca to the rank of a subspecies of the plum ( Prunus domestica ).
use
The mirabelle plum is grown as a fruit in Central and Southern Europe and North Africa . In Central Europe , the main growing areas are in Lorraine , the Middle Rhine, the Palatinate and Main Franconia . In Lorraine alone, around 250,000 mirabelle trees grow, from which 15,000 tons of the fruit, 70% of world production, are harvested annually. Among other things, a spirit is produced from the fruits, the Mirabelle brandy .
Well-known varieties are:
- ' Aprimira ' ('Miracose', 'Aprikola', 'Apribelle', large-fruited random seedling from the Geisenheim Research Station from 'Mirabelle von Herrenhausen')
- ' Bellamira ' (large-fruited cultivation by the Geisenheim Research Station from ' Čačaks Beste ' × 'Mirabelle von Nancy')
- Mirabelle d'Octobre ('Bricette', 'Petit Bricette', 'Late Gele Mirabelle', 'Mirabelle Tardive', 'Tardive', 'Late Mirabelle', a very late-ripening old variety from France)
- Mirabelle de Septembre ('Parfume de Septembre', a late-ripening French variety)
- ' Flotows Mirabelle '
- ' Early Mirabelle von Bergthold ' ('Bergthold Mirabelle', an old variety that has now been found again)
- 'Early Mirabelle'
- 'Yellow Mirabelle'
- ' Gleisweilerer Rote Mirabelle ' (variety from Gleisweiler before 1910)
- ' Miragrande ' (large-fruited cultivation by the Geisenheim Research Station from 'Mirabelle von Herrenhausen' × 'Yellow Plum')
- ' Mirabelle Pointue ' ('Spitz Mirabelle', a French variety)
- ' Mirabelle von Herrenhausen ' ('Herrenhäuser Mirabelle', a large-fruited variety)
- ' Mirabelle von Metz '
- ' Mirabelle de Nancy '
- ' Mirabelle Von Pillnitz ' (bred by the Julius Kühn Institute in Pillnitz around 1990)
Web links
- Johannes Müller: Germany's types of fruit. 7 volumes. Eckstein and Steels, Stuttgart 1905–1934, DNB 018244742 . A specialist book in which more than 300 apple, pear, plum, strawberry, apricot and grape varieties are described with illustrations; (on-line)
- Leaves, blossoms, tree identification
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Hildemar Scholz, Ilse Scholz: Prunus. In: Hans. J. Conert et al. a. (Ed.): Gustav Hegi. Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Volume 4 Part 2B: Spermatophyta: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (3). Rosaceae 2 . Blackwell 1995, ISBN 3-8263-2533-8 .
- ^ E. Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. 573.
- ↑ tourisme-lorraine.fr
- ↑ The name Miracose has been protected under registration number 302008024348 since October 8, 2008 for the goods “seeds, living plants and natural flowers” at the German Patent and Trademark Office as a registered trademark of Ahrenz + Sieberz GmbH & Co KG. Link to the DPMAregister
- ↑ a b Hubert Siegler: Trends in XXL-sized mirabelle plums . Bavarian State Institute for Viticulture and Horticulture, Würzburg Veitshöchheim ( online ( memento from July 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) PDF; 82 kB).