Black and white cone snail
| Black and white cone snail | ||||||||||||
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Housing of Conus ebraeus |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Conus ebraeus | ||||||||||||
| Linnaeus , 1758 |
The Hebrew cone or the black and white cone shell ( Conus ebraeus ) is a screw from the family of the cone snails (genus Conus ), which in Indopazifik and on the Pacific coast of Central America lives and polychaete eats.
features
The body of the snail shell of Conus ebraeus is broadly conical and slightly convex. In adult snails, the house reaches a length of 2.5 to 6.2 cm. The basic color of the housing is white. The surface of the perimeter of the body has three to four spiral rows of black, square (often parallelogram-shaped), elongated spots. The whorls of the turns have a similar white and black pattern. The thread forms a flat cone that can be slightly convex. The periostracum is yellowish olive green, thin, translucent and smooth.
The top of the foot is black with a beige zone along the middle and rear edges of the foot and a red front edge. The head is black, the antennae are red. The sipho is black with a red tip or rust-red with black spots and a lighter tip. The sole of the foot is yellow-brown.
distribution
The black and white cone snail occurs in much of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, including the Pacific coast of Central America , but is absent in the Red Sea.
habitat
Black and white cone snails live on rock ledges in the intertidal zone of the coast or in coral reefs up to 3 meters deep.
Life cycle
Like all cone snails, Conus ebraeus is sexually separate, and the male mates with the female with his penis . Veliger larvae hatch from the egg capsules , which in turn undergo a metamorphosis into snails. The egg capsules are 7 to 10 mm by 6 to 10 mm in size. One capsule contains 1500 to 3000 eggs that are 170 to 180 µm in diameter. From this it is concluded that the pelagic period of the Veliger lasts at least 25 to 26 days.
food
Black and white cone snails eat errant polychaetes , which are killed by a harpoon with a poisonous radula tooth . The main prey of Conus ebraeus in large parts of the Indian Ocean and western Pacific (e.g. Maldives , Great Barrier Reef , Okinawa , Guam ) includes bristle worms of the family Eunicidae (e.g. Eunice cariboea , Lysidice collaris and species of the genus Palola ) To Hawaii and the Seychelles, however , the prey consists mainly of members of the Nereididae family (e.g. Perinereis helleri ). According to studies in the eastern Indian Ocean, Nereididae are preferred to eat in shallower habitats on limestone up to 3 m deep, while at a marine station near the coast of Sumatera only small black and white cone snails ate Nereididae, but from a shell size of 3 cm almost exclusively those burrowing in the sand, for comparison large eunicids Palola siciliensis , although sufficiently large nereids do not occur here.
Importance to humans
Conus ebraeus is a popular collector's item due to its patterned housing, so that humans can be considered a main enemy. However, it is not included in the red list.
literature
- Jerry G. Walls: Cone Shells: A Synopsis of the Living Conidae. TFH Publications, Neptune (New Jersey) 1979. p. 415.
- Dieter Röckel, Werner Korn, Alan J. Kohn: Manual of the Living Conidae Vol. 1: Indo-Pacific Region . Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden 1995. The texts on the individual cone snail species of the Indo-Pacific are published on The Conus Biodiversity website with the permission of the authors (see web links).
Web links
- The Conus Biodiversity website: Conus ebraeus Linnaeus, 1758
- Underwater Kwajalein: Conus ebraeus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus ebraeus inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Posted by: Kohn, A., 2011. Retrieved February 16, 2014.
Individual evidence
- Jump up ↑ TF Duda Jr., D. Chang, BD Lewis, T. Lee (2009). Geographic Variation in Venom Allelic Composition and Diets of the Widespread Predatory Marine Gastropod Conus ebraeus. PLoS ONE 4 (7), e6245. doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0006245
- ↑ Alan J. Kohn, James W. Nybakken (1975): Ecology of Conus on eastern Indian Ocean fringing reefs: diversity of species and resource utilization. Marine Biology 29, pp. 211-234.
- ^ Fischhaus Zepkow: Family Conidae - cone snails