Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer
| Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Type: | Transport plane |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
June 25, 1955 |
| Production time: |
1956 to 1967 |
| Number of pieces: |
87 |
The Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer was a military and civilian multipurpose transport aircraft produced by the Scottish manufacturer Scottish Aviation . It was the successor to the single engine Pioneer .
history
The twin Pioneer was a STOL -capable shoulder wing having a three-piece fin and fixed landing gear, driven by two Alvis Leonides 531 - radial engines . The prototype completed its maiden flight on June 25, 1955. At the Farnborough Air Show 1955, the aircraft was presented to the public for the first time. Initially, three pre-series models were produced and used as test aircraft and for advertising purposes. In April 1956, the first series aircraft flew. After two crashes in 1957, the buttress had to be revised.
The 33rd exemplar served as a prototype of the Series 2 in 1958 and was equipped with Pratt & Whitney Wasp R-1340 star engines at the request of Philippine Airlines . A Series 3 aircraft received an improved Alvis Leonides 531 radial engine.
87 copies were built by 1967. At the end of 2009 there were still three airworthy aircraft around the world and 13 as exhibits in museums.
Versions
- Twin Pioneer : Prototype with Alvis Leonides 503 radial engines
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Twin Pioneer Series 1 : Production model with Alvis Leonides 514 radial engines
- Twin Pioneer CC.Mk 1 : Series 1 military version for the Royal Air Force ; 32 machines built
- Twin Pioneer CC.Mk 2 : military version which compared to the Series 1 had some forged and cast components instead of sheet metal parts; 7 machines built
- Twin Pioneer Series 2 : Production model with Pratt & Whitney R-1340 radial engines
- Twin Pioneer Series 3 : Production model with Alvis Leonides 531 radial engines
use
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United Kingdom . - The Royal Air Force bought 39 Twin Pioneers, which were delivered between 1958 and 1959. The 78th Squadron initially deployed them from RAF Kormaksar in Aden . Later the 21st Squadron was stationed at RAF Eastleigh , Kenya , and in the Far East in what is now Malaysia , Twin Pioneers were deployed by the 209th Squadron from their RAF Seletar base . The 209th Squadron was the last Twin Pioneer unit and flew the type until late 1968.
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Malaysia
- The military version, which could also carry bombs, served as the first aircraft of the newly created Malaysian Air Force .
In addition, some aircraft went to civilian customers. They were used as survey aircraft in Austria and Switzerland .
Incidents
From the first flight in 1955 to July 2019, there were 35 total losses with Twin Pioneers. In 7 of them 31 people were killed. Extracts:
- On December 7, 1957, a Scottish Airlines twin Pioneer 1 ( aircraft registration G-AOEO ) crashed in the desert, 460 kilometers south-southwest of Tripoli, on its return flight to Tripoli Idris International Airport ( Libya ). The cause of the accident was determined to be a fatigue fracture in a strut on the left wing; the plane was only 15 months old. All 6 occupants, 2 crew members and 4 passengers, were killed.
- On December 12, 1959, a Twin Pioneer 3 of Scottish Airlines (G-AOEN) near Luabo ( Mozambique ) was totaled . The left engine was switched off on a demonstration flight. When the aircraft lost altitude even with the right engine at maximum power, attempts were made in vain to get the left engine running again. During the emergency landing on an island in the Zambezi , both wings and the landing gear broke off. All 15 occupants, 1 pilot and 14 passengers survived.
- On March 10, 1960, the left engine of a Twin Pioneer 3 of Scottish Airlines (G-ANTP) failed at a height of about 10 meters when taking off from Jorhat-Rowriah Airport ( India ). The flow stalled . The plane crashed and caught fire. Of the 3 crew members, 2 were killed.
Technical data (Twin Pioneer CC.Mk 1)
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| span | 23.32 m |
| length | 13.79 m |
| height | 3.73 m |
| Wing area | 62 m² |
| payload | 907 kg |
| Takeoff weight | 4,627 kg |
| Takeoff weight | 6,622 kg |
| Passengers | 13 soldiers |
| crew | 2 |
| Top speed | 266 km / h |
| Cruising speed | 200 km / h |
| Service ceiling | 6,098 m |
| Range | 1,287 km |
| Engines | two radial engines Alvis Leonides 531 with 564 kW |
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of accidents with Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer , Aviation Safety Network WikiBase , accessed on August 3, 2019.
- ^ ICAO Aircraft Accident Digest 9, Circular 56-AN / 51, Montreal 1959 (English), pp. 241-244.
- ↑ Accident report Twin Pioneer G-AOEO , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on October 27, 2019.
- ↑ Accident report Twin Pioneer G-AOEN , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on October 27, 2019.
- ↑ Accident report Twin Pioneer G-ANTP , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on October 27, 2019.