Burial place
A burial place is a regularly used burial place of socially superior people, mostly in connection with the burial of monarchs , bishops or noble families . In many cases, tombs are representative and can be found inside churches. For the concept of the burial place it is crucial that the burial site is only intended for burials from the same social group of people.
Graves within churches , monasteries and monasteries are also known as Sepultur . When tombs were erected in churches or in a crypt , the exclusivity of the burial within the sacred space concerned was of particular importance.
In connection with the graves of noble or middle-class families or families, the term hereditary burial is also used, especially in northern Germany .
Forms and examples
The term burial place refers to the function of the burial place , not to its design. It is irrelevant whether a burial place is a communal grave or consists of individual graves. A burial site serving as a burial place can also be laid out as a crypt or a mausoleum .
- The Habsburgs in Vienna used their own Capuchin crypt as a burial place.
- The French kings are mostly buried in individual graves in the cathedral of Saint-Denis in Paris, some of which were laid out as tombs and some as earth graves inside the church.
- The burial place of the Norwegian kings is in the crypt of the castle church of Akershus Fortress in Oslo .
- The Haga cemetery in Hagapark in Stockholm serves as the burial place of the Swedish kings .
- The Greek kings used the Tatoi cemetery as a burial place as their own cemetery , which is located in the palace gardens of Tatoi .
- The Scaliger of Verona had a fenced area next to the church of Santa Maria Antica as a burial place, where their sarcophagi are in large tombs in the form of Gothic shrines with equestrian statues.
- The princes of Schaumburg-Lippe preferred mausoleums as family burial places and were initially buried in the Stadthagen mausoleum , and from 1915 in the Bückeburg mausoleum .
- The burial place of the bishops of Rottenburg-Stuttgart is not in St. Martin's Cathedral , but in the crypt of the Sülchenkirche in Rottenburg am Neckar .
In Bavaria it can be observed in the early modern period that Catholic aristocratic families residing in the countryside mostly used the parish church closest to their castle as a burial place. Those who died in the castle were buried in the nearby parish church, even if the vast majority of family members had their residence elsewhere. This sometimes happened in the form of individual earth graves, so that in the course of time a growing number of grave sites of successive generations of one sex in the church can be determined. In other cases it was planned to use the church as a burial place; this was mostly connected with the establishment of a family crypt.
“Burial” as a process
Burial as a synonym for the more common term burial sometimes refers to the process of burial . The burial of Christ (more rarely: burial of Christ ) is a common type of image in Christian art.
See also
literature
- Michael Borgolte : burial place. In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages . Volume 4, Munich / Zurich 1989, column 1628–1630.
- Christopher R. Seddon: The Inscribed Monuments of the Lords and Barons of Hackledt . Vienna 2002 (catalog of all known epitaphs of the Hackledter in the context of the German inscriptions ).
- Andreas H. Zajic: The living and the dead. Family thinking and aristocratic burial behavior in the 16th and 17th centuries. Constance 2000.
- Brigide Schwarz with the collaboration of Ernst Haiger: The Petrikirche in Mülheim as a stately burial place , Mülheim ad Ruhr 2007 = magazine of the history association Mülheim ad Ruhr , issue 78.
- Ernst Haiger: Denomination and burial place: Noble graves in the St. Laurentius Church in [Mülheim an der Ruhr] Mintard in the 17th and 18th centuries . In: - The parish church in Mintard = magazine of the Mülheim ad Ruhr history association 92 (2017), pp. 69–111.