Shattuckit
| Shattuckit | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| chemical formula | Cu 5 [OH | Si 2 O 6 ] 2 |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Silicates and Germanates |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
9.DB.40 ( 8th edition : VIII / F.04) 65.01.07.01 |
| Similar minerals | Chrysocolla , Plancheit |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | orthorhombic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | orthorhombic-dipyramidal; 2 / m 2 / m 2 / m |
| Space group | Pcab (No. 61, position 2) |
| Lattice parameters | a = 9.89 Å ; b = 19.83 Å; c = 5.38 Å |
| Formula units | Z = 4 |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 3.5 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | measured: 4.11; calculated: 4.128 |
| Cleavage | completely according to {010} and {100} |
| colour | medium to dark blue |
| Line color | Light Blue |
| transparency | transparent to translucent |
| shine | Silky gloss |
| Crystal optics | |
| Refractive indices |
n α = 1.753 n β = 1.782 n γ = 1.815 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.062 |
| Axis angle | 2V = calculated: 88 ° |
Shattuckite is a rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of " silicates and germanates ". It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with the chemical composition Cu 5 [OH | Si 2 O 6 ] 2 , so it is a copper silicate with additional hydroxide ions , which structurally belongs to the chain silicates .
Shattuckite mainly develops fine-needle to fibrous crystals in radial-rayed and grape-like or massive mineral aggregates of medium to dark blue color with light blue streak color . Also pseudomorphs after malachite are known.
Etymology and history
Shattuckite was first discovered in the "Shattuck Mine" near Bisbee (Arizona) in the USA and described by Waldemar Theodore Schaller , who named the mineral after this type of locality .
Type material, i.e. mineral samples from its first place of discovery ( type locality ), is stored in the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC (USA) under catalog no. R 4871 to R 4874 , 87447 , 93891 and 95727 kept.
classification
Already in the outdated, but partly still in use 8th edition of the mineral classification according to Strunz , the shattuckite belonged to the mineral class of "silicates and germanates" and there to the department of "chain silicates and band silicates (inosilicates)", where it was the only member of the unnamed group VIII /F.04 formed.
The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics , which has been in effect since 2001 and is used by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA), also classifies Shattuckit in the category of "chain and band silicates (inosilicates)". However, this is further subdivided according to the structure of the chains, so that the mineral is classified according to its structure in the subdivision of “chain and ribbon silicates with 2-periodic single chains Si 2 O 6 ; with additional O, OH, H 2 O pyroxene-related minerals ”, where it is also the only member of the unnamed group 9.DB.40 .
The systematics of minerals according to Dana also assigns Shattuckit to the class of "silicates and germanates" and there in the department of "chain silicate minerals". Here he is to be found as the only member of the unnamed group 65.01.07 within the subdivision of "Chain silicates: Simple unbranched chains, W = 1 with chains P = 2".
Crystal structure
Shattuckite crystallizes orthorhombically in the space group Pcab (space group no. 61, position 2) with the lattice parameters a = 9.89 Å ; b = 19.83 Å and c = 5.38 Å as well as 4 formula units per unit cell .
Education and Locations
Shattuckit forms as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zone of copper - deposits and found there usually associated with Ajoit , chrysocolla , hematite , malachite and / or quartz .
As a rare mineral formation, Shattuckite could only be proven at a few localities, whereby so far (as of 2011) around 70 localities are known. In Germany, the mineral occurred so far only on Helgoland on Helgoland cliff Watt and Lange Anna and in Austria Shattuckit found so far only in the copper mine "Divine Providence" on the the Goldberg group belonging Großfragant in Carinthia.
Other locations are in Argentina, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Greece, Italy, Mexico, Namibia, Norway, Slovakia, South Africa, England in the United Kingdom (UK) and in several regions in the United States of America (USA).
See also
literature
- Waldemar T. Schaller: Four new minerals (Minasragrit, Fernandinit, Shattuckit, Bisbeeit) . In: Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences . tape 5 , 1915, pp. 7 ( rruff.info [PDF; 55 kB ; accessed on January 7, 2018]).
- Waldemar T. Schaller: Plancheite and shattuckite, copper silicates, are not the same mineral . In: Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences . tape 9 , 1919, pp. 131–134 ( rruff.info [PDF; 204 kB ; accessed on January 7, 2018]).
- Friedrich Klockmann : Klockmann's textbook of mineralogy . Ed .: Paul Ramdohr , Hugo Strunz . 16th edition. Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-82986-8 , pp. 724 (first edition: 1891).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel : Strunz Mineralogical Tables. Chemical-structural Mineral Classification System . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p. 623 .
- ↑ Webmineral - Shattuckite
- ↑ a b c Shattuckite . In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America . 2001 ( handbookofmineralogy.org [PDF; 74 kB ; accessed on January 7, 2018]).
- ↑ a b c d e Mindat - Shattuckite
- ↑ Mindat - Number of localities for Shattuckite
- ↑ Find location list for Shattuckite at the Mineralienatlas and at Mindat