Systematics of minerals according to Dana

The systematics of minerals according to Dana is a system developed by James Dwight Dana for the classification of minerals according to chemical composition and crystal structure. It is used in the English-speaking world, especially in the USA . A new system was published in 1997 based on the old Dana system.

In the German-speaking area, the Hugo Strunz system is mostly used, which is available in two editions: An old Strunz system of minerals (8th edition) and, since 2001, the new Strunz system of minerals (9th edition) , which also used by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) and its main commission CNMNC ( Commission on New Minerals, Mineral Names and Classification ).

History of the system

The systematics of minerals was extended by Dana in 1854 in the fourth edition of his System of Mineralogy, first published in 1837, to the chemical composition of minerals. In the course of the 20th century, the system was further supplemented against the background of scientific advances, especially in the field of crystallography . In 1941 Hugo Strunz derived his system from this. The original classification was also further developed and published in 1997 in a new system.

Structure of the system

The minerals are arranged in a hierarchical system. Each mineral has a system number, which consists of four numbers separated by dots and which should allow a clear assignment of known minerals under different names. The first number represents the mineral class. The second number stands for the type of mineral, in some cases taking into account the atomic structure. The third number stands for a group of similarly structured minerals, while the fourth clearly identifies the mineral.

Examples

01. elements 01.02. Elements: platinum group metals and alloys 01.02.01 platinum group (room group Fm3m) 02/01/01/03 Rhodium

02. Sulphide minerals 08/02 Sulphides - including selenides and tellurides - with the composition A m B n X p , with (m + n): p = 1: 1 08/02/07 Wurtzitgruppe (Hexagonal: P63mc) 08/02/07/01 Wurtzit

38 Anhydrous phosphates etc. 38.01 Anhydrous phosphates etc. A + B 2+ XO 4 38.01.01 triphylene group 38.01.01.01 triphylite

Overview

Bottom of the mineral class	Departments included
elements	01. elements
Sulfides and sulfosalts	02. Sulphide minerals 03. sulfosalts
Oxides and hydroxides	04. Oxides 05. Oxides containing uranium and thorium 06. hydroxides and oxides containing hydroxides 07. Multiple oxides 08. Multiple oxides with niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta) and titanium (Ti)
Halides	09. Halides 10. Oxyhalides and hydroxyhalides 11. Complex halides - aluminum fluoride 12. Halide compounds
Carbonates, nitrates and borates	13. Carbonates 14. Anhydrous carbonates 15. Hydrous carbonates 16a. Carbonates - hydroxyl or halogen 16b. Carbonates - hydroxyl or halogen 17. Compound carbonates 18. Simple nitrates 19. Nitrates with hydroxyl or halide ions 20. Compound nitrates 21. Iodates - anhydrous and hydrous 22. Iodates - hydroxyls or halogens 23. Compound iodates 24. Anhydrous borates 25. Anhydrous borates with hydroxyl or halogen 26. Water-containing borates with hydroxyl or halogen 27. Borates
Sulfates, chromates and molybdates	28. Sulphates 29. Aquatic acids and sulphates 30. Hydroxyl or halogen anhydrous sulfates 31. Hydroxyl or halogen sulfates containing water 32. Compound sulfates 33. Selenates and Tellurates 34. Selenites , Tellurites and Sulphites 35. Anhydrous chromates 36. Chromates
Phosphates, arsenates and vanadates	37. Phosphate minerals 38. Anhydrous phosphates etc. 39. Acid phosphates containing water etc. 40. Phosphates containing water etc. 41. Anhydrous phosphates, etc., with hydroxyl or halogen 42. Phosphates containing water, etc., with hydroxyl or halogen 43. Phosphates 44. Antimonates 45. Acid and normal antimonites , arsenites and phosphites, 46. ​​Basic or halogenated antimonites, arsenites and phosphites 47. Vanadium oxy salts 48. Molybdates and tungstates 49. Simple and hydrous molybdates and tungstates
Organic minerals	50. Organic minerals
Silicates and Germanates	51. Island silicate minerals (nesosilicates) 52. Island silicates: SiO 4 groups and O, OH, F and H 2 O 53. Island silicates: SiO 4 groups and other anions of complex cations 54. Island silicates: borosilicates and some beryllosilicates with (BO 3 ) 55. Group silicates (sorosilicates) : Si 2 O 7 groups, generally without additional anions 56. Group silicates: Si 2 O 7 groups and O, OH, F and H 2 O 57. Group silicates: insular (Si3O10) and larger non-cyclic groups with Si3O10 groups 58. Group silicates: insular, mixed, single and larger tetrahedral groups 59. Ring silicates (cyclosilicates) with rings of three 60. Ring silicates with rings of four 61. Ring silicates with six rings 62. Ring silicates with figure eight rings 63. Ring silicates with condensed rings 64. Ring silicates: rings with other anions and insular silicate groups 65. Chain silicate minerals (inosilicates) 66. Chain silicates: Double unbranched chains, W = 2 67. Chain silicates: unbranched chains with W> 2 68. Chain silicates: structures with chains of different widths 69. Chain silicates: chains with side branches or loops 70. Chain silicates: column or tube structures 71. Layered silicate minerals (phyllosilicates) 72. Layered silicates: two-dimensional, unlimited layers with rings other than six-membered 73. Sheet silicates with condensed tetrahedral layers 74. Layered silicates: modulated layers 75. Framework silicate minerals 76. Framework silicates: Al-Si lattice 77. Framework silicates: zeolite group 78. Unclassified silicate minerals

literature

• Richard V. Gaines, H. Catherine Skinner, Eugene E. Foord, Brian Mason, and Abraham Rosenzweig: Danas New Mineralogy. 8th edition, John Wiley & Sons 1997, ISBN 0-471-19310-0 .

Web links

• Minerals Arranged by the New Dana Classification. Overview at Webmineral.com, website by David A. Barthelmy
• Dave Barthelmy: New Dana Classification of Minerals. The entire Dana classification at Webmineral.com

Individual evidence

1. ↑ IMA / CNMNC List of Mineral Names compiled by Ernest H. Nickel and Monte C. Nichols (PDF; 1.9 MB)
2. ↑ DANA Classification Number. Webmineral.com