Settlement in the former Lainzer Tiergarten

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1925: The Auhofer Trennstück settlement on what was then Wiener Straße appears fully developed on the plan; the street names for the Peace City are still missing. Where further settlements will extend a few years later, there is still the Leitenwald forest of the Lainzer Tiergarten . The forest north of the Peace City is today the Hörndlwald . North-east of the former city limits: the 13th district.

Settlements in the former Lainz Zoo are in the twenties and thirties of the 20th century. In Vienna ready or almost ready fringes of the then to Lower Austria belonging Lainzer Tiergarten , one of the public until 1918 inaccessible part of the Vienna Woods emerged. The area of ​​these settlements, like the Tiergarten, was incorporated into Greater Vienna under National Socialism in 1938 . The settlements to the south were already assigned to the 13th Viennese district, Hietzing , the zoo itself and the railway workers' farm not until 1956 (in 1938 it belonged to the 25th district, 1954 to the 23rd district). Like most of the zoo, all the settlements belong to the Auhof cadastral community .

The main driving force behind the settlement movement at that time was Austria's economic situation . The housing shortage, supply crises and unemployment in the hyperinflation after 1918 led many people, especially workers, to seek their own garden plots with initially mostly self-built huts. Since the state and the city were unable to offer the people any alternatives, illegally built settlements ultimately had to be legalized. From 1925 onwards, hard currency policies and a temporary economic boost enabled bourgeois settlement projects that were no longer driven by an immediate emergency.

Settlements

Congress settlement
  • Railway farm : The wild settlement in the Grünauer Graben south of the Auhof substation (Hofjagdstraße), surrounded by forest, was originally operated by ÖBB employees of the neighboring Westbahn on 148 plots. Until 1938 it belonged to the Hadersdorf-Weidlingau community . It was not legalized until 1984 when the approximately 10 hectare area was rededicated in the city administration's zoning plan to the recreation area Kleingarten.
  • Auhofer Trennstück settlement (SAT settlement): The area wastaken overby the Imperial and Royal Governmentin 1912; The First World War made their development plans obsolete. The settlement between what is now Speising (13th district) and Mauer , 23rd district, to the west of Speisinger Strasse (then Wiener Strasse, once and now tram line 60), developed wildly after the war. From 1920, however, there were usage and later purchase agreements with the settlers. Until 1938 area of ​​the municipality of Mauer.
  • City of Peace : The settlement west of Speising, north of the main entrance to the zoo, Hermesstrasse, was built by the “War Disabled Settlement Cooperative” from 1921 after wild clearing and until 1938 belonged to the Hadersdorf-Weidlingau community.
  • Police settlement , customs guard settlement and Heimscholle settlement (see Heimschollegasse): For these settlements, seen from the city center, "behind" (to the west) of the already existing SAT settlement, a much larger zoo area, the Leitenwald, which extends north to the Lainzerbach , was cleared and officially for Settlements determined.

The area, which until 1938 belonged to the municipality of Mauer bei Wien , is located north of Lainzer-Bach-Straße or the Friedensstadt , east of the Hermeswiese settlement, which belongs to the Speising district, and the SAT settlement (east of Anatourgasse), south of Wittgensteinstraße (Border to the 23rd district) and bounded to the west by the current Tiergarten wall.
The first settlement, evident on the city map after 1925, took place along Wittgensteinstrasse; further development of the area took place over the next ten years. The police settlement was built by the Wiener Sicherheitswache housing association (“for the establishment of healthy residential colonies in the forest and meadow belt”) in 1931/1932 with the support of the federal government, since at that time the security guard, as the uniformed police were called, alone “over 600 homeless families “Counted. The customs guard settlement, which was built around Kalmanstrasse at the same time, was also built with state aid.
In 1931 the first Catholic church service was held in a building on Dr.-Schober-Straße (named after the Police President Johann Schober, who was very popular with conservatives ). In 1935, the church of St. Hubertus and Christophorus was inaugurated in the middle of the area, on St.-Hubertus-Platz . It stands on a piece of land that the protagonists acquired from the operators of the police station.

In the area of ​​these settlements, a park-like piece of forest, known as the Napoleon Forest, has remained undeveloped as a relic of the Leitenwald .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helga Gibs: Hietzing. Between yesterday and tomorrow , Mohl-Verlag, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-900272-51-4 , pp. 125, 132
  2. ^ Felix Czeike : Viennese district culture guide. XIII. Hietzing , Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-224-16237-6 , p. 25
  3. ^ Plan of the XIII. Wiener Gemeindebezirks, Hietzing , publisher Kartographisches, formerly Military Geographic Institute, Vienna undated (The Vienna Electric Light Rail, which opened in 1925, is already drawn, but most of the area of ​​the settlements is still forest.)
  4. ↑ Central Inspectorate of the Federal Security Guard: Sixty Years of the Vienna Security Guard , self-published by the Federal Police Directorate Vienna , Vienna 1929, p. 289
  5. ↑ Historical illustration, around 1937
  6. ^ Settlement development in Hietzing, website of the Vienna city administration
  7. ↑ [1]