Sorbitan monolaurate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Sorbitan monolaurate
other names	E 493 ; Sorbitan laurate; Sorbitan monododecanate; SORBITAN LAURATE ( INCI ) ; Span 20 (brand name);
Molecular formula	C 18 H 34 O 6
Brief description	yellow, viscous liquid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	215-663-3
ECHA InfoCard	100.014.240
PubChem	16218599
ChemSpider	17345994
Wikidata	Q12642435
properties
Molar mass	346.46 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	1.032 g cm −3
solubility	<3 mg l −1 (water) at 20 ° C
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: no H-phrases
	P: no P-phrases
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Sorbitan monolaurate is a sorbitan fatty acid ester , an ester of sorbitol or 1,4-sorbitan anhydride ( sorbitan for short ). It is used in the food industry and in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations as an emulsifier . It is approved in the EU under the number E 493 as a food additive for certain foods (including various baked goods, ice cream, desserts and sugar products, jams and whiteners ). The permitted daily dose is 5 mg / kg body weight and day.

properties

Sorbitan monolaurate used pharmaceutically is a mixture of partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with mainly lauric acid (40.0 to 60.0%). The fatty acid fraction also contains myristic acid (14.0 to 25.0%), palmitic acid (7.0 to 15.0%), oleic acid (maximum 11.0%), caprylic acid (maximum 10.0%), capric acid ( maximum 10.0%), stearic acid (maximum 7.0%), linoleic acid (maximum 3.0%) and caproic acid (maximum 1.0%). Pharmaceutical sorbitan monolaurate is a brownish yellow, viscous liquid with a relative density of about 0.98 and is practically insoluble but dispersible in water. It is soluble in fatty oils with the formation of a cloudy solution and miscible with ethanol 96%. The HLB value is 8.6 and the LD ₅₀ is 33.6 g · kg ^-1 (oral, rat).

Individual evidence

↑ Entry on E 493: Sorbitan monolaurate in the European database for food additives, accessed on June 28, 2020.
↑ Entry on SORBITAN LAURATE in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on April 12, 2020.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Entry on sorbitan laurate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on March 23, 2020 (JavaScript required)
↑ Alicja Mortensen, Fernando Aguilar u. a .: Re ‐ evaluation of sorbitan monostearate (E491), sorbitan tristearate (E492), sorbitan monolaurate (E493), sorbitan monooleate (E494) and sorbitan monopalmitate (E495) when used as food additives. In: EFSA Journal. 15, 2017, doi: 10.2903 / j.efsa.2017.4788 .
↑ European Pharmacopoeia , 8th edition, basic work 2024, p. 4854 f.
↑ Sorbitan Esters (Sorbitan Fatty Acid Esters) . In: Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients , 6th edition. RC Rowe, PJ Sheskey, ME Quinn. Pharmaceutical Press, London, 2009. p. 675 ff.

[E-Nummer493-1] Entry on E 493: Sorbitan monolaurate in the European database for food additives, accessed on June 28, 2020.

[CosIng-2] Entry on SORBITAN LAURATE in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on April 12, 2020.

[GESTIS-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Entry on sorbitan laurate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on March 23, 2020 (JavaScript required)

[efsa-4] Alicja Mortensen, Fernando Aguilar u. a .: Re ‐ evaluation of sorbitan monostearate (E491), sorbitan tristearate (E492), sorbitan monolaurate (E493), sorbitan monooleate (E494) and sorbitan monopalmitate (E495) when used as food additives. In: EFSA Journal. 15, 2017, doi: 10.2903 / j.efsa.2017.4788 .

[5] European Pharmacopoeia , 8th edition, basic work 2024, p. 4854 f.

[HoPE6-6] Sorbitan Esters (Sorbitan Fatty Acid Esters) . In: Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients , 6th edition. RC Rowe, PJ Sheskey, ME Quinn. Pharmaceutical Press, London, 2009. p. 675 ff.