Speckbach (Bühler)

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Speckbach
Data
Water code DE : 238665714
location Hohenloher and Haller level

Baden-Württemberg

River system Rhine
Drain over Bühler  → Kocher  → Neckar  → Rhine  → North Sea
origin the northeast edge of the quarry site on Heerenberg
49 ° 3 '58 "  N , 9 ° 55' 2"  O
Source height approx.  403  m above sea level NHN
muzzle east of Untersontheim on the river bridge of the K 2916 from the right and east in the middle Bühler coordinates: 49 ° 4 ′ 6 ″  N , 9 ° 54 ′ 8 ″  E 49 ° 4 ′ 6 ″  N , 9 ° 54 ′ 8 ″  E
Mouth height approx.  360  m above sea level NHN
Height difference approx. 43 m
Bottom slope approx. 36 ‰
length approx. 1.2 km
Catchment area approx. 60 ha
Residents in the catchment area no

The Speckbach is a little over a kilometer long stream in the municipality of Obersontheim in the district of Schwäbisch Hall in northeastern Baden-Württemberg , which flows into the middle Bühler from the right and east after it has passed the suburb of Untersontheim .

geography

course

The Speckbach arises in a small hollow between the southwestern edge of the forest of the Hahnenberg and the northern edge of the large gypsum quarry on the former Heerberg near the clarification basin of the garbage composting plant currently operated in the quarry at around 403  m above sea level. NHN . Right from the start, the brook runs in the ditch of the Langenweg field path , which winds gently towards the west, changing sides and partly taking up ditches that briefly follow the Langenweg on the other side. In this section, it has a further inlet from a short blade on the Speckrain , only permanently moist in the shallower outlet area .

After about 0.7 km in its mostly plowed field basin between the remaining dump of the former Heerberg on the left and the Speckrain on the right, a western branch of the wooded Hahnenberg, another ditch, only about 0.4 km long, flows next to a dirt road, along the fall line of the left slope that begins at the buildings and the storage area at the western end of the Gypsum Quarry. It usually has little or no water. This dead-straight trench used to serve as a drain for the pumped-out quarry pit water when mining was still carried out on a large scale and the old pit was not yet largely filled. At that time the quarry pond extended further to the west than in more recent times, when water is now at least occasionally drained from the quarry area above to the longer branch. (Only this ditch with a natural catchment area of ​​well below 0.1 km² is entered as the upper reaches on the official waterway map.)

After that, the Speckbach passes two fish ponds located a little to the right of the course, with a total of just over 0.2 hectares a little to the right in the valley basin, the drainage of which it records at a field barn. There he leaves the roadside and walks the last almost 0.2 km, for the first time with small changes of direction and a little more vegetation, through the loamy floodplain of his receiving water. It flows a few steps before the Speckbrücke of the K 2916 from Untersontheim to Vellberg - Merkelbach at about 360  m above sea level. NHN from the right into the middle Bühler , which here has turned against the direction of the inflow of the Speckbach and due to the backwater of the weir at the Beilsteinmühle flows only very slowly about half a kilometer downstream.

The approximately 1.2 km long Speckbach flows after a run with a mean bottom gradient of around 35 ‰ about 43 meters below its origin.

Catchment area

The Speckbach has a catchment area roughly 0.6 km² in size, which in natural terms lies in the Vellberger Bay sub- area of the Hohenlohe and Haller Plains . It is a valley bay that opens wide to the west between the quarry on the former Heerberg in the south, of which, after almost complete exploitation, only a very low, flat and now plowed overburden dump with a planted deciduous forest belt on this side of the slope remains, and up to 462.2  m above sea level NHN high, completely wooded Speckrain , the westernmost protrusion of the Hahnenberg mountain forest (outside up to 505.9  m above sea level ).

Borders the catchment area

  • in the north, behind the Speckrain, is the hollow of the Hambach , which further down between the quarries of Ummenhofen and Eschenau also flows into the Bühler.
  • in the east behind the low threshold of the Schmellenwasens that of the Birkelbach , whose drainage above Obersontheim enters it via the Nesselbach .
  • On the south side, the much smaller Bräunlinsbach drains to the Nesselbach and in the south
  • Near the mouth of the river in the southwest, an insignificant stream and drainage ditches in the floodplain run directly to the Bühler.

The course in its natural hollow holds about the middle between the watersheds on both sides, but today it mostly runs as a dirt road ditch next to the Langenweg . It also partially drains water from the quarry, where a garbage composting plant with a few small sewage ponds is in operation today. (Depending on the direction in which parts of the quarry site naturally drain or are drained, the specified value for the catchment area may decrease or increase somewhat.) The greater part of the catchment area is open, with a large proportion of the quarry area in turn. Forest stands on the Speckrain and in only a narrow strip on the slope of the quarry rubble mountain. The whole area belongs to the municipality of Obersontheim , the greater part of it lies in the suburb of Untersontheim , it is completely unpopulated.

geology

The valley basin of the Speckbach lies at the intersection of two tectonic lines, the extensive subsidence structure of the Neckar-Jagst furrow , which runs roughly along the valley axis from west to east, and the Vellberg fault , which begins at the mouth of the Birkelbach and the Nesselbach from there runs northwest to the mouth of the Hirtenbach , mostly a little to the right of the Muschelkalk valley of the middle Bühler. The deep floe is on the northeast side. In the Speckbach catchment area, however, this line is briefly suspended, here instead there is a roughly long rectangular, west-eastern small deep floe delimited by fault lines on all four sides, which is why the highest tertiary layer in the catchment area, an island made of silica sandstone ( Hassberge formation ) on the high plateau of the eastern Speckrain , here at an altitude of around 455  m above sea level. NHN is pending, while this layer further northeast on the Hahnenberg plateau is only above 490  m above sea level. NHN uses. The Speckrain between the Speckbachtal on this side and the Hambachtal on the other side is a section of the Neckar-Jagst furrow with a reverse relief .

Below the high plateau, the terrain first descends over the Untere Bunter Marl ( Steigerwald Formation ), then more quickly over the reed sandstone ( Stuttgart Formation ) to the valley floor, where Gipskeuper ( Grabfeld Formation ) is located, which also occupies the left valley slope, the southern fault line of the Neckar-Jagst furrow runs halfway through it. Only in the lowest valley area does this briefly offset the Lettenkeuper ( Erfurt formation ), which is still deeper in the deposit sequence, in the south against the Gipskeuper.

The now almost completely dismantled Heerberg used to be 446  m above sea level. NHN high summit in the marl-rich layers of the upper gypsum keuper and for a long time offered very good exposure of the gypsum keuper with the higher marl layers, fiber gypsum tapes between marl layers, which were sometimes folded in a meander-like manner, and the basic gypsum at the base, on whose banks, sometimes showing erosion pipes, the mining went and goes. In the excavation pit, which is now only slowly moving eastwards, behind which building rubble and similar overburden is being filled, the base gypsum is still to be found, but hardly any higher layers of gypsum keupers. These fall noticeably to the east towards the Vellberger fault.

In the fields to the left of the flat valley slope of the Speckbach, large chunks of gypsum are plowed out again and again during cultivation. The name Weißenstein , which one of the tub bears here, is likely to come from these strikingly bright stones.

Nature and protected areas

The lower valley floodplain from the small, damp blade from the Speckrain is part of the Bühlertal nature reserve near Untersontheim and Ummenhofen .

See also

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Speckbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer .
  2. ↑ a b c Height after black lettering on the background layer topographic map .
  3. ↑ a b c d Length measured on the background layer topographic map .
  4. ↑ Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .
  5. ↑ Lake area after the layer standing waters .
  6. ↑ The geotope description of the gypsum quarry on the Heerberg reflects an outdated state of the outcrop.
  7. ↑ Protected area according to the relevant layer.

Other evidence

  1. ↑ a b According to information from residents, around 2010
  2. ↑ a b c Own observation, approx. 2010
  3. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. →  Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
  4. ↑ Old height of the Heerberg according to the measuring table sheet 6925 Obersontheim from 1936 in the Deutsche Fotothek
  5. ↑ Geology according to the geological map listed under literature. A rough overview also provides: Mapserver of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )

literature

  • Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 6925 Obersontheim
  • Geological map of Baden-Württemberg 1: 25,000, published by the State Geological Office 1982, sheet no. 6925 Obersontheim with explanatory booklet.

Web links