Layers of bacon
Specklagen , ndl .: speklagen ( Sg .: speklaag ) are a common design element in the brick Gothic of the Netherlands and that of the Lower Rhine, which is strongly influenced by it . These are layers of natural stone in the brickwork, i.e. a form of banding . These can be narrow layers at large intervals, but the natural stone can also cover half of the wall surface.
Bacon layers were also popular in the Renaissance architecture of the brick regions.
Bacon layers in the Netherlands and on the Lower Rhine
In the Netherlands and on the Lower Rhine, mainly tuff from the Vulkaneifel near Andernach was used for the bacon layers , which was the most important mineral building material here until the medieval revival of brick construction. But sandstone and limestone were also used , and in individual cases even different types of natural stone. on the same building.
Bacon layers at the Pieterskerk in Oirschot
Alt St. Martinus in Stommeln northwest of Cologne
St-Catharinakerk, Hoogstraten near Antwerp , change of brick and stone mostly only in the course of edges
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Banding of brick and natural stone in remote regions
- In Denmark, limestone from Møn or from the east coast of Jutland was preferably used to produce decorative banding, for example on the churches in Faxe , Roholte and Sneeslev, see Brick Gothic in Denmark → Zealand Island .
- In Italy, z. For example, the churches of San Francesco d'Assisi (pictures) and San Giovanni Evangelista (pictures) in Brescia were designed with brick and natural stone. Less consistently persistent changes of position with brick can be found on individual Gothic buildings in Tuscany and Abruzzo . In central and southern Italy, however, changes in the position of light and dark natural stone are much more common.
Banding of brick and natural stone in older styles
Encircled with such harnesses find already in the Romanesque , such as the church of St. Hippolytus in Blexen at the Weser estuary or gigantic bricks at the monastery church in Wąchock south of Radom in Poland .
Since ancient times and with a different visual impression, there has been an alternation of layers of round stones with layers of bricks, typical of Byzantine architecture .
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- Chris Kolman et al .: Monuments in Nederland. North Brabant. 1997, available as a PDF for free download from the digital library voor de Nederlandse letteren , p. 20
- Herman Strijbos: Kempense gotiek: Een veel gehanteerd bewip met een onduidelijke inhoud in Jaarboek Monumentenzorg 1992 in Digitale bibliogtheek voor de nederlandse letteren