Lock point Chlus

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Lock point Chlus

The blocking point Chlus (army designation Spst Chlus-Felsenbach No. 1321) was a defensive position of the Swiss army . It is located in the Chlus , the gorge-like access to the Prättigau between Landquart GR and Grüsch . It belonged to the Sargans fortress area . The lock was built by civilian companies from 1937 and is considered a military historical monument of national importance.

history

Fracstein castle ruins with Felsenbach Nord infantry work A 6308

Around 1200 the Fracstein Castle was built in the Chlus at the foot of a rock face on the right side of the Landquart . She monitored the connection road from Lake Zurich to the Flüelapass . With the Letzimauer , which led from the foot of the rock face to the bank of the Landquart and was provided with an iron gate, the gorge could be sealed off.

Before and during the Second World War , road and rail barricades (1937), an infantry factory (1939) as well as bunkers and caverns were built. In August 1939, a construction company began excavating caverns at the border crossings in Rätikon, which were ready for occupancy by mid-1941. In 1942 the Felsenbach Süd A 6309 infantry plant was expanded.

Today the light machine gun stands and the street barricades have been dismantled. The Felsenbach Süd A 6309 rock works was liquidated and cleared out in 2016.

Lock point Chlus

During the Second World War and the Cold War , the Sperrstelle had the task of stopping an attack from the east through the Prättigau before entering the Rhine Valley. It had to prevent a possible evasion of the Sargans fortress over the passes near St. Antönien . The infantry in front of and around the Felsenbach bunker would have blocked, the artillery from the Sargans fortress would have shot in front of the position.

The barrier consists of an infantry work (north side) and a battle cavern (south side) in the gorge. At the western entrance to the gorge there are several explosive objects on bridges, as well as bunkers and shelters. At the eastern entrance there is an anti-tank obstacle (GPH) and several small bunkers.

The Felsenbach Süd A 6309 plant in the south face of the Chlus is an infantry plant around 160 meters long in the rock. The entrance is 40 meters above the Landquart on the steep mountain slope in the forest. The facility includes machine gun caverns, a combat post with a bunker cannon, observation post, troop accommodation, toilets, command center, storage and ammunition storage, water cistern, emergency exit, and a rock cemetery (death cavern). During the active period, up to 25 militiamen were stationed here, sometimes for weeks or months.

Objects still available:

  • Infantry bunker Kantonsstrasse Chlus Ost A 6300, 1 machine gun (Mg) ⊙ .
  • Infantry bunker Felsplatte Chlus Ost A 6301, 1 machine gun (MG) firing at Seewis-Pardisla. (Internal dimensions 2.5 × 2.5 × 2 meters) ⊙ .
  • Infantry cannon shield (Ik-Schild) Felsplatte Ost A 6302, 1 Ik / Pak ⊙ .
  • Infantry bunker Felsplatte Klus Ost A 6303, 1 Feld-Mg ⊙ .
  • Infantry bunker Unter Gaschlun towards Valzeina A 6304 ⊙ .
  • Ammunition cavern A 6307 ⊙ .
  • Infantry factory Felsenbach Nord A 6308, 1 Mg, at the Fracstein castle ruins, 5 minutes from the old canton road ⊙ .
  • Infantry works Felsenbach Süd A 6309, 2 bunker cannons / anti-tank cannons (Pak), 3 Mg ⊙ .
  • Felsenbach Chlus West infantry bunker A 6310, double Lmg stand with access to the Felsenbach Chlus West ammunition cavern GR 205 ⊙ .
  • Transmission center Ganda A 6311 ⊙ .
  • Battalion command post KP Chlus A 6312, cavern ⊙ .
  • Rock holes near the Fracstein ruins ⊙ .
  • Felsenbach ammunition cavern Chlus West GR 205 ⊙
  • Ball bunker F13399

Ammunition magazines were created at the rear for the troops deployed in the Chlus barrier:

  • Rock magazine Sagen Malans GR 208 ⊙ .
  • Warehouses on Prättigauerstrasse ⊙ .
  • smaller magazines ⊙ .
  • Explosive objects Road bridges Chlus West ⊙

Artillery plant Nussloch

Location of the observer's station and artillery plant to the right of the rock ridge above the Nussloch

The artillery plant Nussloch (army designation A 6330) is a rock in the area of ​​the same name in the municipality of Mastrils in the Chur Rhine Valley ⊙ . The plant was built in 1942 in the rock face above the nut hole for a 7.5 cm 39 L30 attachment cannon on a rack mount and two observer stands. An observer's post was next to and another above the gun post. The latter was accessible via an 18 meter high ladder and with its two notches offered an overview of the Rhine Valley from Landquart to Malans. The factory entrance is at the foot of the rock face. The plant had, among other tasks, to provide fire protection for the Chlus-Felsenbach barrier. The complex belonged to the Sargans fortress area and was occupied by the fortress brigade 13.

Rätikon border crossings

Administratively (but not functionally), the Chlus lock-up area included a number of battle caverns, bunkers and shelters at the Vilan and in the Rätikon at the crossings to Austria. They were reached with a military cable car at the Vilan with the Malans valley station, which today serves as the Älplibahn for tourism.

  • Shelter / KP Fädurfürkli A 6285 ⊙
  • Infantry factory Fadurboden A 6286 ⊙
  • Infantry factory Girenspitz Ost A 6287, Girenfürggli ( 2139  m ) ⊙
  • Military cable car Z406 / MSB95 Stegentobel-Girenfürkli MSB95: Stegentobel valley station ( 1570  m ) ⊙
  • Military cable car MSB105 Malans-Oberälpli ⊙
  • Command / accommodation barracks / mountain station Z406 Girenfürkli B 1957 ⊙
  • Infantry bunker Stelsersee A 6288, 1 mg, 2 Lmg, 8 men ⊙
  • Infantry bunker Stelserberg A 6289, 1 mg, 1 Lmg ⊙
  • Explosive object / ammunition cavern Gaschlun / saddle
  • Shelter, three spherical bunkers and an explosive object Fadärastein, at 1179  m above sea level. M. ⊙ .
  • Command post fortress Sargans south front, Marschlins Castle (until August 1943) ⊙ .
  • Howitzer battery position room (Hb Bttr) 163 Alt Ganda and flame oil depot

  • Ball bunker Fadärastein

  • Fadarastein shelter

  • "Älplibahn" mountain station, former MSB105 military cable car

  • Command Sargans South Front, Marschlins Castle

Explosive object Salginatobel Bridge

Salginatobel Bridge: Ladder to the explosive object (right)

The Salginatobel Bridge , which was built in 1930 and connects Schiers with Schuders , is 7 km (as the crow flies) from the Austrian border. It was protected by the rock structure A 6287 (Girenspitz) above Schuders, which was accessed by a transport cable car. The destruction detachment 23 with 15 men (May 1940 to May 1945) of the Sargans fortress command was responsible for the explosive object on the bridge. The bridge was supposed to be loaded for the last time during the Hungarian uprising in 1956. It was released from secrecy in 1973 as an explosive object and the detonators removed.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Silvio Keller, Maurice Lovisa, Thomas Bitterli: Military monuments in the canton of Graubünden . Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection and Sport (Ed.), Bern 2003
  2. ↑ Oberland Fortress: Locking point Chlus GR ( Memento from June 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Logistics base of the army: clearing bunkers in backbreaking work ( Memento from June 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ armasuisse: ( Memento from December 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) The picture shows the nationally significant monument of the Infantry Works Felsbach Süd in Valzeina GR. It belongs to the Chlus lock in the Klus von Landquart. It will be cleared out and shut down due to inaccessibility. The interior is still used as a fortress museum in a similar facility in Trin by a military history association .
  5. ↑ Fortress Oberland: The KP A 6312 is history
  6. ↑ Fortress Museum Lock Trin: Lock Mastrils 1320
  7. ^ Fortress Oberland: A 6330 Nussloch ( Memento from August 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ Andreas Kessler (ed.): From the wooden footbridge to the world monument. The history of the Salginatobel Bridge. International historical landmark of civil engineering. Verlag Buchdruckerei Schiers, Schiers 1996, ISBN 3-952096-31-8
  9. ↑ Fortress Museum Sperre Trin: Explosive object Salginatobel Bridge
  10. ↑ Burgenverein Untervaz: Fortified Graubünden 1941

Coordinates: 46 ° 58 ′ 36 "  N , 9 ° 37 ′ 41.3"  E ; CH1903:  seven hundred sixty-six thousand five hundred seventy-eight  /  205,168