Spittelkolonnaden

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The Spittelkolonnaden with the historic mile column

The Spittelkolonnaden in Berlin are a late Baroque jewelry building by Carl Philipp von Gontard on Marion-Gräfin-Dönhoff-Platz in the Mitte district near the Spittelmarkt . Originally they consisted of an ensemble of two semicircular open porticoed halls, which at the time of their construction in 1776 served as the border of a bridge over the southern moat , which was an unsightly sewer ditch at the time.

The current building is a reconstruction of the southern part and was built in 1979 using old components.

location

Arcades of the Spittelkolonnaden

When Leipziger Strasse was expanded across the southern moat, Dönhoffplatz was created, which had been named after Alexander von Dönhoff since the 1740s . The green area, which was named in 1975, was given its current name in 2010. The namesake was Marion Countess Dönhoff .

history

The colonnades in late baroque - neoclassical style with Ionic columns were designed by Carl von Gontard in 1776 on behalf of the Prussian King Friedrich II . They stood in two individual structures north and south of Leipziger Strasse. Due to the strong growth of Berlin after the founding of the German Empire in 1871, the buildings moved closer and closer to the monument. In order to be able to widen the street, the southern colonnades were demolished in 1929 on behalf of the Magistrate of Greater Berlin and stored on the site of a stonemasonry in Mühlenstrasse. In the 1930s there was a project to completely relocate the colonnades; they should be given a new location on the northern arm of the Spree on both sides of Monbijoustraße. The northern colonnades were badly damaged in World War II and the remains cleared in 1960.

The two semicircular rondels each formed a double row of columns, which was decorated with reliefs. The buildings were closed on the back by a row of shops. The gable consisted of an altar-like tower with trophies, groups of putti and allegorical figures.

reconstruction

The reconstructed colonnades, 1980
Putti group of the Spittelkolonnaden, in the Köllnischer Park since 1969

As part of the redesign of the high-rise ensemble on Leipziger Strasse , the southern Spittelkolonnaden a few meters from the original location were reconstructed with found remains and with copies of the gable decorations and inaugurated on December 15, 1979. Together with the copy of the historic mile column from the old Dönhoffplatz, they were collaged to form a new square ensemble . The stone obelisk ("Mile Zero") was erected in 1730 as the beginning of the distance to Potsdam .

A bronze plaque commemorates the fate of this building:

SPITTELKOLONNADEN 1776. BUILT ACCORDING TO CARL VON GONTARD'S PLANS AS DECORATION OF THE BRIDGE OVER THE OLD FORTRESS DITCH. DESTROYED IN THE FASCIST WAR OF PROBLEM AND CONQUEST. RE ESTABLISHED IN 1979 BY LABOR AND FARMERS POWER.

The statement "... destroyed in the war ... [and] rebuilt by the workers and peasants" is incorrect as only the northern part was destroyed in the Second World War. The new colonnades and the mile column gave Leipziger Strasse with its modern high-rise buildings a historical color.

Not all of the originally preserved figures were put back on the gable of the colonnades; some were placed in the Köllnischer Park in 1969 on a newly built terrace next to the Märkisches Museum . Because they are relatively unprotected there, they are now supposed to decorate a visitor room directly in the museum building after repeated vandalism .

literature

Web links

Commons : Spittelkolonnaden  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Werner Hegemann : The stone Berlin. History of the largest tenement city in the world . Verlag Gustav Kiepenheuer , Berlin 1930, p. 206
  2. ↑ Institute for Monument Preservation (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Capital Berlin I. Henschelverlag, Berlin 1984, p. 230
  3. ↑ At the colonnade. In: Street name dictionary of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert ) Here it is also stated that the southern colonnades were removed in 1929.
  4. ^ Axel Cordes: The gynecological clinic in the Ziegelstrasse . Chapter 4: The Wolff Drafts of 1934 , Retrieved March 28, 2010.
  5. ↑ Berlin architecture after 1763 . lexikus.de; Retrieved March 28, 2010
  6. ↑ Uwe Aulich: Again vandalism in the Köllnischer Park. Original figure of the old Spittelkolonnaden destroyed. Now they should move to the Märkisches Museum . In: Berliner Zeitung , January 12, 1999
  7. ^ Karl Seidel: On the history of the Köllnisches Park. Two groups of sandstone putti from the attic of the Spittelkolonnaden . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 7, 2001, ISSN  0944-5560 , p. 147 ff., Here p. 154 ( luise-berlin.de ).

Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ′ 38.5 "  N , 13 ° 23 ′ 56.2"  E