Dead nettle embracing the stem

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Dead nettle embracing the stem
Stem encompassing dead nettle (Lamium amplexicaule)

Stem encompassing dead nettle ( Lamium amplexicaule )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Mint family (Lamiaceae)
Subfamily : Lamioideae
Genre : Dead nettles ( Lamium )
Type : Dead nettle embracing the stem
Scientific name
Lamium amplexicaule
L.

The Lamium Amplexicaule ( Lamium amplexicaule ) is a plant from the genus of deadnettle ( Lamium ) within the family of the Lamiaceae (Labiatae).

description

Illustration from Billeder af Nordens Flora , 1917
inflorescence

Vegetative characteristics

The stem-embracing dead nettle is an annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 25 cm. It is rooted up to 20 centimeters deep. Several stems usually rise from a branched base .

Generative characteristics

The Lamium Amplexicaule stands out among the Taubnesseln by the semi-columnar comprehensive, broad bracts, which often sit in the upper, flower-bearing part of stem very dense. The opposite leaves in the lower part of the stem, however, are often still stalked and the leaf blade has a diameter of 2 to 3 cm.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

Open, chasmogamous flower
Flower bud or cleistogamous flower

Ecology and phenology

Most of the open flowers are self-pollinating . In addition to these normal flowers, smaller flowers that remain closed and are hidden in the calyx are formed in bad weather; these do not open up and fertilize themselves ( Kleistogamy ); they form a high fruit set.

The main flowering period extends from March to May (in high altitudes until August) and in autumn from September to October. When the weather is frost-free, the dead nettle surrounding the stem also blooms in winter.

Occurrence

The original range includes all of Eurasia and northern Africa . It was also introduced into North America by humans. There, as in South America and New Zealand, it is a neophyte. The dead nettle, which encompasses the stems, grows as a " weed " in loamy, nitrogen-rich areas such as field edges, gardens, vineyards or ruderal areas . In Central Europe it is a species of the order Polygono-Chenopodietalia. It thrives in Central Europe on warm, moderately fresh, nutrient-rich, preferably low-lime, neutral, often low-humus, light, loose, sandy loam soils or cohesive sandy soils in Central Europe.

Systematics

Some authors differentiate between the following subspecies and varieties (as of 2003):

  • Lamium amplexicaule var. Aleppicum (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Bornm. (Syn .: Lamium aleppicum Boiss. & Hausskn. ): It occurs from southeastern Turkey to Iran .
  • Lamium amplexicaule L. subsp. amplexicaule : It occurs in the temperate zones of Eurasia and from Macaronesia to Ethiopia.
  • Lamium amplexicaule var. Bornmuelleri Mennema : She is on Iraq , in Turkey, in Iran in the area of Syria and Lebanon before.
  • Lamium amplexicaule var. Incisum Boiss. : It occurs from Greece to northwestern Iran.
  • Lamium amplexicaule subsp. mauritanicum (Gand. ex Batt.) Maire (Syn .: Lamium mauritanicum Gand. ex Batt. ): It occurs in Morocco and Algeria .
  • Lamium amplexicaule var. Orientale (Pacz.) Mennema : It occurs from eastern Ukraine to southern and south-central European Russia .

swell

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13./14. Edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 .
  • Otto Schmeil, Jost Fitschen, Werner Rauh: Flora of Germany and its adjacent areas. 84th edition. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1968.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  804 .
  2. ↑ Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of the plants of Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait . 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 , p.  435 .
  3. ^ Gustav Hegi: Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . 2nd Edition. Volume V. Part 4: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 3 (4) (Labiatae - Solanaceae) . Carl Hanser and Paul Parey, Munich and Berlin / Hamburg 1964, ISBN 3-489-78021-3 , pp. 2542–2543 (unchanged reprint from 1927 with addendum).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Rafaël Govaerts, 2003: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Lamium amplexicaule. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved February 17, 2016.

further reading

  • Xi-wen Li, Ian C. Hedge: Lamium. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . tape 17 : Verbenaceae through Solanaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X , pp. 157 (English). , same text online as the printed work.
  • Dietmar Brandes: Urban flora of Sousse (Tunisia). Braunschweig, 2001, online .

Web links

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