St. Petri (Soest)

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St. Petri in Soest
St. Petri Church and St. Patrokli Cathedral (aerial photo, 2014)

St. Petri (also known locally as "Alde Kerke") is the oldest parish church in Soest and one of the oldest church founded in Westphalia . As early as the end of the 8th century, a church was built in connection with Charlemagne's Saxony mission .

St. Petri is the main church of the Protestant St. Petri Pauli parish in Soest.

History and architecture

Historical view from 1905
Historical view from 1905, looking through the nave to the altar area
Side view of the church, state 2006
Vault system, drawing from the yearbook of the kaiserl. royal Central Commission for Research and Conservation of Architectural Monuments III, 1859
Wall painting
North portal (Reformation portal) with bronze door by Thomas Walter Casanova
South portal, detailed view

A previous church from around 800 was a single-nave hall church with a retracted choir . It was founded in connection with Charlemagne's efforts to Christianize northern Germany. St. Petri is one of the original parishes in Westphalia. As the city grew in the centuries that followed, the church became too small; new churches had to be built or the old ones expanded. The current church was consecrated in 1150. Its original character as a three-aisled Romanesque basilica is clearly recognizable inside and out. Emperor Barbarossa visited the church in 1152. Around 1180 a two-storey porch, the so-called paradise, was added to the north side. In the 13th century, a large Gothic choir was added in place of the original small apse. Several renovations followed, including the installation of galleries in the aisles. At the end of the 14th century, the tower received an additional floor, which was crowned with a Gothic pointed dome. In 1709, after a tower fire, the church got the three-storey baroque dome that is characteristic of it today. The church windows from the period from 1876 to 1881 fell victim to the effects of the First World War. According to the taste of the time, the formerly ornamental, Romanesque painting of the vaults was uncovered and reconstructed in an intense color scheme. At the same time, the gothic murals were painted over according to taste. These measures were partially reversed during the renovation between 1930 and 1933; the Gothic panels were uncovered and the Romanesque painting was painted over in white. Towards the end of the Second World War in 1945, an aerial mine detonated between the churches of St. Patrokli and St. Petri, which destroyed the choir and the baroque high altar. Wall paintings, paintings, pews and sacrament implements were partially badly damaged. In 1948 a temporary wall was erected to separate the destroyed choir from the main nave. A first service in the now shortened church could take place in August 1948; the choir was rebuilt from 1949 and inaugurated in 1958.

The oldest part of the building is the tower hall. In some of the columns deep grooves can be seen; they were made by sharpening sword blades. The tombstones previously distributed in the church found their current places in 1945. The so-called paradise is the entrance hall of the north portal; it was previously used as a mourning hall when the church was still surrounded by a cemetery. A picture from the workshop of Conrad von Soest from around 1400 shows the crucifixion of Christ on a striking red background. Mary, John and a group of women stand under the cross. Below you can see how the soldiers undress Christ and throw his clothes into dice. It is typical of the church that every time has left its mark on it. The old Romanesque style of the western part contrasts with the Gothic style of the choir and the curved shapes of the Baroque . Church art of the 20th century is also strongly represented, as much had to be recreated after the destruction of World War II. Church windows and portals date from the 1950s and 1960s, the glass main altar from 1994.

Inside, the Romanesque ceiling painting, the Gothic wall paintings ( Conrad von Soest ), the Klepping or Barbara altar (an Antwerp reredos , around 1520), a triumphal cross from the 14th century, the apostle windows Peter and Paul (around 1520) are particularly worth seeing 1300), the baroque pulpit (1693) and the glass altar (1994). On the 1st of Advent 2006 the new organ of the church (47 registers , three manuals) was inaugurated. The Petrikirche is also known beyond the borders of Soest because the so-called Soester Gloria is sung and played from its tower every Christmas Eve .

The building is accessed through two portals each in the wall of the north and south aisles. The north portal opposite the town hall used to be the main entrance. Here the councilors solemnly marched into the church. The entrance door designed by the sculptor Thomas Walter Casanova in 1968 shows scenes from the history of the Soest Reformation. The bronze door in the south portal is a work by Fritz Viegener from 1958 and shows depictions from the Apocalypse of St. John. The tympanum dates from the second half of the 12th century; it shows the settlement of the apostle John before the emperor Domitian. A bearded angel can be seen next to it. A small room on the left - popularly known as the "Herrenchörchen" - was used by the councilors as a place during services. The two windows show the apostles Peter and Paul. On a pillar opposite there is an inscription referring to the builder: HERRENFRIDUS ME FECIT (Herrenfrid made me).

Church window

The church windows were renewed from 1958 to 1971; the drafts for the windows in the choir come from Vincenz Pieper , those of the side choirs from Claus Wallner . The doors of the Viegenerportal, the Paradiesportal and the Reformationportal were replaced between 1958 and 1968. From 1960 to 1962 an interior renovation was carried out in which the Romanesque character was in the foreground. When the chancel was redesigned between 1985 and 1994, the baptismal font was given a new location by the north side altar; the Klepping Altar was restored; the new glass altar was placed in the crossing.

  • Claus Wallner's windows at Taufstein were created in 1958; they show scenes from the Old Testament, such as the story of the expulsion from paradise, the ten commandments and Noah's ark.
  • Vincent Pieper's windows were made in 1960; they show representations from the New Testament: the birth of Jesus, the life of Jesus, the Passion, Easter, Pentecost.
  • The windows in the southern choir are also by Wallner; they show scenes from the lives of the apostles Peter and Paul.
  • The Gothic window on the south side with the theme "New Creation" and the blue rose window on the north side with the theme "First Creation" was created by Frère Marc from Taizé .

organ

The organ on the west gallery of the Petrikirche was built in 2006 by the Freiburg organ building company Hartwig Späth . It replaced the former Steinmeyer organ that had been taken over from the St. Sebaldus Church in Nuremberg . The organ has 47  registers (including 3 transmissions) on three manuals and pedal .

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
01. Drone 16 ′
02. Principal 08th'
03. Reed flute 08th'
04th Flûte harmonique 0 08th'
05. Viola da gamba 08th'
06th octave 04 ′
07th Covered flute 04 ′
08th. octave 02 ′
09. Mixture major III 02 ′
10. Mixture minor II 02 ⁄ 3 ′
11. Cornett V 08th'
12. bassoon 16 ′
13. Trumpet 08th'
Tremulant
II Positive C-g 3
14th Wooden principal 08th'
15th Wood-covered 08th'
16. Salizional 08th'
17th Principal 04 ′
18th flute 04 ′
19th Sesquialter I. 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
20th Sesquialter II 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
21st Duplicate 02 ′
22nd Octavlein 01'
23. Scharff IV 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
23. Fifth (from No. 23) 0 1 1 ⁄ 3 
24. Cromorne 08th'
Tremulant
III Swell C – g 3
25th Flûte traversière 08th'
26th Cor de nuit 08th'
27. Viol 08th'
28. Voix céleste 08th'
29 Prestant 04 ′
30th Flûte octaviante 04 ′
31. Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
32. Octavine 02 ′
33. Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
34. Plein jeu 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
35. Trumpet harm. 0 08th'
36. Hautbois 08th'
37. Voix humaine 08th'
38. Clairon 04 ′
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
39. Principal bass 16 ′
40. Sub-bass 16 ′
41. Echobass (No. 1) 0 16 ′
42. Quintbass 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
43. Octavbass 08th'
44. Violon (No. 5) 08th'
45. Drone 08th'
46. Octavbass 04 ′
47. Mixturbass IV 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
48. Bombard 16 ′
49. Bassoon (No. 12) 16 ′
50. Trumpet bass 08th'

Bells

Baker's bell from 1711

Six bells hang in the tower , of which the four big ones are rung; the two small ones serve as clock bells . When the tower burned in 1702, the old bells were destroyed. The baker's bell, cast in 1711, replaced a town bell that had been transferred from St. Patrokli . The fourth bell from 1991 replaced the Luther bell from 1933, which in turn had the so-called Leineweberglocke from 1801 as its predecessor. Both bells had to be delivered in the world wars. The peal of St. Petri brings together bells from Master de la Paix and student Stule. Bell 4 sounds to be rung, the regular Sunday bells are bells 4, 3 and 2.

No.
  		Surname
  		Casting year
  		Caster
  		Diameter
(mm) 		Mass
(kg, approx.) 		Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 )
1 Fire bell 1702 Johann Georg de la Paix & Bernhard Wilhelm Stule 1,610 2,600 h 0 -4
2 Baker's bell 1711 Bernhard Wilhelm Stule 1,396 1,650 cis 1 -1
3 - 1702 Johann Georg de la Paix & Bernhard Wilhelm Stule 1,227 1,100 e 1 -7
4th Baptismal bell 1991 Karlsruhe bell and art foundry 0.990 0.690 g sharp 1
I. Hour bell 1711 Bernhard Wilhelm Stule 0.663 d 2 -7
II Quarter-hour bell 1956 Bell and art foundry Rincker e 2

Furnishing

  • An eight-meter high baroque main altar was added to the church in 1647; it was destroyed in World War II.
  • The Klepping Altar was built in Antwerp around 1525; it bears the mark of the Guild of St. Luke and is a foundation of a Klepping family. The middle part is decorated with carved figures and crowned with a figure of Barbara; the two outer wings are painted. The altar is covered during the Passion.
  • The richly decorated baroque pulpit was created from 1692 to 1693 by Johann Sasse from Attendorn. It bears figures of the four evangelists, the apostle Peter and the allegorical figures of faith, love, hope and strength. Peter is shown not with a key but with a crowing rooster. According to the New Testament, the rooster crowed when Peter denied Jesus. The sound cover is crowned with a large figure of Christ.
  • The triumphal cross shows Christ crucified, flanked by Mary and John. In the metal frame in the body of Christ there was once a rock crystal. The four medallions at the ends of the cross bars show the evangelist symbols. The flanking figures and the cross date from the 14th century; the body is a 15th century work.
  • The font in the shape of a chalice is a work of the 15th century; it is decorated on the outside with a scene of the baptism of Jesus and the three kings.
  • Since the baroque altar fell victim to the last world war, a new, simple altar made of steel, glass and stone was erected in 1994; the corresponding cross found its place in 2001.
  • The oldest and most valuable chalice of the Lord's Supper is the nest chalice , on which three bird nests are depicted. On one, a pelican nourishes its young with its blood, on the second a phoenix rises from the ashes, on the third an eagle spreads its wings. These images symbolize the sacrificial death, the resurrection and the ascension of Christ. The donors of the chalice, whose names have not been passed down, are depicted on the foot. You can see a woman and a man kneeling before Christ crucified; the banner reads: miserere m (e) id (omi) ne .
  • A small statue of Peter is a work from the first decades of the 14th century; it was made in the workshop of Zigefridus von Soest from gilded copper and originally served as a reliquary.

Others

The Aldegrever fountain has stood on the southern forecourt of St. Petri since 1989 .

literature

  • Ludwig Prautzsch : The Soester Gloria and the tower music on St. Petri. Soest, Westfälische Verlag-Buchhandlung Mocker & Jahn, 1958.
  • Bernd-Heiner Röger: The St. Petrikirche in Soest. DKV Art Guide No. 397/4, Munich 2004.
  • Hubertus Schwartz : St. Petrikirche. Soest, Evangelical Lutheran Church Congregation St. Petri, 1961.
  • Hubertus Schwartz: Soest in his monuments. Second volume: Romanesque churches (=  Soest scientific contributions, volume 15). 2nd unchanged edition. Westfälische Verlagsbuchhandlung Mocker & Jahn, Soest 1978, ISBN 3-87902-029-9 , pp. 88–152.

Web links

Commons : St. Petri  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Original parish of St. Petri
  2. ↑ Visit of the Emperor
  3. ↑ Paradise
  4. ↑ Conversions in the Middle Ages
  5. ↑ The chaos of war
  6. ↑ painting
  7. ↑ Portals
  8. ↑ Gentlemen's Choir
  9. ^ History
  10. ↑ window
  11. ↑ More information on the history of the organs and today's organ on the municipality's website
  12. ↑ Claus Peter: The German bell landscapes. Westphalia . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-422-06048-0 , p. 55.
  13. ^ Soest, St. Petri: Full bells in the tower
  14. ↑ Baroque altar
  15. ↑ Klepping Altar
  16. ↑ pulpit
  17. ↑ Triumphal Cross
  18. ↑ [1]
  19. ↑ Nest Chalice
  20. ↑ Reliquary

Coordinates: 51 ° 34 ′ 17.5 ″  N , 8 ° 6 ′ 25 ″  E