St. Benedict (Herbern)
The Church of St. Benedict is the parish church of the Catholic community in Herbern , North Rhine-Westphalia . Its current appearance dates from the 17th century. The parish church is a post-Gothic hall church with the dimensions of 16 m wide for the nave and 7.8 m for the choir. The church has a total length of 35 m.
Building history
The building history of the parish church shows at least one previous building. This Romanesque church was found during a restoration in 1876. It had Romanesque cube capitals as well as circular pilaster shafts , Romanesque leaf ornaments and circular vault ribs. The chaplain at that time in Herbern, Julius Schwieters, sums up the building of the church as follows: “The following conclusions can be drawn from the pieces found: The old church was a small Romanesque church. The fact that this church was much smaller than the current one is evident from the fact that numerous dead bones were found during repair work in the ground within the present church. For the above-mentioned capital only a column shaft of no more than 12 to 15 feet (the equivalent of 3.764 to 4.571 m) can be considered; and such pillars allow an opening in the arcade row of no more than 10 to 12 feet (the equivalent of 3.14 to 3.764 m). The little church had two arcade openings, presumably with a common blind arch in the main nave. Below this - above the central column - was a so-called triforium. Somehow on the outer wall there was the thin round pilasters that matched the arcade columns. The side aisles were low and each had two vaulted domes against a central nave. Then there were small arched windows in the side wall. "(Church leader)
This church burned down the steeple in a fire in 1548. As a result of the Thirty Years War (1618–1648), the church fell into disrepair. Bishop Christoph Bernhard von Galen described it on November 9, 1662, “The tower of the church has still collapsed. The church is very dilapidated and, if not done in time, will collapse, endangering many people. The baptismal font is intact and appropriate. A high altar of St. Benedict is damaged. The bells, including four of the clockwork, were removed from the tower in good time and are hanging on a wooden [scaffolding] in the cemetery. ”(Church guide)
With Petrus Wegmann (pastor from 1663 to 1703) and thanks to a generous donation from Count von Merveldt , the new building could begin in 1663. First, today's three-aisled hall church with the Romanesque tower was built and completed in 1666. The side aisles are therefore one yoke longer than the three-bay central nave. The church was built in the post-Gothic style. The round supports end with simple round capitals without decoration. The cross vaults consist of the simplest ribs without transverse straps and hardly recognizable keystones. Flat pilaster strips on the walls inside correspond with the buttresses on the outside and take the weight of the main vaulted belts. The windows consist of simple tracery and round arches. The new tower of the church was completed in 1708 with the erection of the dome. It is an onion cap with a tip.
In 1698/99 a one-bay choir with a 5/8 end and a two-storey sacristy on the north side were added to the nave . The oratorio for the von Merveldt family with an arched opening to the choir was originally on the upper floor of this sacristy extension. Access to this room was via the stair tower by the choir . The roof was initially a tiled roof, but was later covered with straw, then with blue tiles and now again with red tiles. In the 19th century the church was extensively restored and rebuilt inside and out. In 1874 a second sacristy was built in the south of the choir. The tower and the buttresses were clad with Bentheim sandstone. In the tower, the sound windows were decorated with columns and round arches. The main portal and the two other portals on the south and north sides were decorated in a similar way. The doors from the 17th century have been replaced by double-leaf oak doors. The sculptor Heinrich Fleige placed a Benedict statue at the main portal. A niche was carved into the choir wall in the east and a statue of the Virgin Mary was installed. Inside, an organ stage was initially set up by the local Stohlbrink joinery. This was set up in front of the organ, which was already in a niche in the tower. In 1850 the aisle in the nave was paved with Beckum field stone. For this purpose, new benches were purchased to replace the old ones from 1680. These in turn were revised in 1994. In addition, the equipment was modernized. The last restoration took place in 1994. The outer facade got a white plaster. The two upper floors of the tower were preserved in the style of 1875.
Furnishing
The most striking piece of equipment in the choir is the high altar from 1865. It is made of Baumberger sandstone based on a Wördemann's design. It is kept very biblical. The figures of the prophet Isaiah and King David stand between the columns below the altar plate - the Christian faith rests on the "foundation" of the Old Testament. In the altarpiece are the four evangelists: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. To the left and right of the tabernacle , which came from a Jesuit church , the figures of the apostles Peter and Paul are attached. They stand for the people who were completely taken into his service by Christ and sent to proclaim the kingdom of God. Above the tabernacle is a responsory for the monstrance with its own doors with an angel who proclaims the Christmas message from the Gospel of Luke : "Et in terra pax hominibus" (translated: "And peace on earth for men"). Framed by two angels on the corners of the altarpiece, a crucifixion group, consisting of Mary, the cross and John, crowns the high altar. The high altar replaced the old high altar from the years 1680–1690, which was made of wood. The celebration altar, made of Baumberger sandstone, stands in the middle of the chancel. The columns come from the earlier side altars. The altar was consecrated on May 20, 1979 by Bishop Heinrich Tenhumberg and decorated with relics of St. Hildegard von Bingen provided. In addition to the two statues of St. Joseph and St. The Virgin Mary, which are placed under the organ gallery, form a Sacred Heart statue and a Sacred Heart statue from 1874 by the sculptor Fleige made of French sandstone and a St. Luidger statue and a Queen Madonna statue the organ loft the figural decorations in the church. There are two choir stalls in the choir room. They date from the 17th century and had a canopy until the middle of the 20th century. On the one hand, the ambo and the lectern in the choir room and, on the other hand, the writing stand in the rear part of the church were created from the rear walls of the roof. In addition, the church had four choir stalls until the council. Two of the choir stalls belonged to the Westerwinkel house and one each to the parish and Ittlingen. Until 1865, two of the choir stalls were set up with their backs facing the church, thus forming a kind of rood screen with their back wall. Under the current two choir stalls are the entrances to the crypt under the choir, in which the Counts von-Merveldt and the Barons von Nagel lie. On the first pillar of the church there is an artfully carved pulpit. It was erected on April 1, 1882 in place of the baroque pulpit from 1680, which Pastor Petrus Wegmann acquired independently at the time. The new pulpit was made by master carpenter Reher with his journeymen B. Kranefeld and H. Wessel. In the arch filling there are pictures of St. Ludgerus , the first bishop of Munster, St. Paul, patron saint of the diocese, St. Boniface , Apostle of Germany and St. Benedict. The oldest piece of equipment in the church is the Vespers picture from the 17th century. It is colored and shows the Mother of God Mary holding her deceased son in her arms. It is on permanent loan from the Mense family. The oldest liturgical piece is the simple baptismal font made of Baumberger sandstone. The font is designed as an octagon and has a tin basin into which the year 1723 was stamped. The cover of the font from 1850 is made of wood and resembles a tent, which is crowned with a cross. Prophets and evangelists are depicted alternately on the areas between the struts. With their scrolls, these point to passages in the Bible. The artist made a mistake with the evangelists. He switched the symbols of the evangelists Mark and Luke. The newest piece of equipment in the parish church of St. Benedikt is a 145 cm high statue of the patron saint Benedict of Nursia made of Baumberger sandstone . The statue was made by the local stonemason and designer Andreas Fabritius. It shows St. Benedict turned to the prayer and handed him his rule. The formula “ora et labora” is written on the cover of the book. The statue was blessed on the 2010 Benedict Festival. It was given to the parish by the pastor of the parish Rudolf Kruse on the occasion of his 60th birthday. It replaces a colored oak statue of St. Benedict from the 17th century, who came from an abbey near Osnabrück. After 1803 it stood in Osnabrück Cathedral and found its way to Meschede in the newly founded Königsmünster Abbey, from where it was donated to the parish in 1972. Since 2006 there has been a stamping point for the Westphalian Way of St. James in the church foyer, which was donated by the local Jacobi Schützenbruderschaft. The Baltic-Westphalian Way of St. James was opened on April 7, 2008 at the parish church and Westerwinkel Castle .
Special works of art
Christmas crib
The parish church's nativity scene is of particular artistic value. It dates from 1884 and 1885 and is made of pine and Swiss stone pine by the crib carver Stufflesser from Ortisei in South Tyrol. The figures have a size of up to 110 cm. The figures were originally colored, but were sucked and waxed in 1971 by the then pastor Heinz Wigger. In a restoration in the 1990s, however, the original coloring was restored.
window
The windows close with round arches and were manufactured after the war in 1957 by the van der Forst company in Münster and are partly foundations of community members. In the choir, three windows depict the history of salvation and the festival circles of the church year. The windows were installed in 1968 at his own expense by Pastor Lorenz Bernhard from the Nienhaus company from Wessum near Ahaus. The windows are divided into four. New Testament representations are given in the upper part. The middle and most of the window shows the secret of salvation, which the entire window represents. In the part below, Old Testament scenes are shown to match. It concludes with windows with portraits of prophets with a reference to their writing that match the window. Christmas is shown in the left window. The New Testament part shows the sermon of John the Baptist and the baptism of Jesus by John. The sermon of John is a theme in Advent and the feast of the baptism of the Lord closes the festival circle. The main part of the window shows the adoration of the three wise men from the Orient. The Old Testament part shows us the creation of man by God in Genesis 1 and the fall into sin in Genesis 2. In the lower part come the prophets Moses and Micah. The middle window shows the Easter event. The New Testament part shows the Emmaus event and the encounter of Thomas with the risen one. The Emmaus story is the gospel of the second day of Easter. Thomas and Christ will be read as the gospel on White Sunday, the Sunday after Easter. The main part of the window shows on the one hand the resurrection event and on the other hand the encounter of the three women with the angel at the empty tomb. The Old Testament part shows us the dispensing of water by Moses on the stone of temptation, the passage of the people of Israel through the Red Sea, the story of Noah's Ark and Jonah in the belly of the fish. All topics related to Easter vigil or Easter. In the lower part come the prophets King David and Isaiah. Pentecost and the time after Pentecost are displayed in the window. The upper part of the window shows the martyrdom of the Apostles Peter and Paul. This event is not mentioned in the Bible, but it belongs to the time of the New Testament. It also symbolizes the entire martyrdom of several saints and Christians as an effect of Pentecost. The main part of the window shows the pouring out of the Holy Spirit to the twelve apostles and Mary. The Old Testament part shows the Holy Spirit in a mythological way, which is supplemented by the two Bible quotations from the prophets Ezekiel and Joel, which can be seen in the lower part.
organ
The organ was built in 1894 by the organ builder Friedrich Fleiter (Münster) as the successor to an organ from 1846. It has 21 registers , divided into two manuals and a pedal . It has a neo-Romanesque prospectus with carvings and prospectus pipes. The organ was completely expanded and restored in 1994. The last cleaning took place in 2008. The organ building company Friedrich Fleiter in Münster, founded by Friedrich Fleiter, carried out restoration and cleaning.
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- Coupling : I / II, I / P, II / P
- Playing aids : Fort / piano device in the pedal
Bells
Duration
The bells of the parish church have a long and eventful history. The first mention of bells comes from 1662. In the 18th century three new bells were purchased. The oldest was from 1722 and was donated to the church by the von Nagel family. She was dedicated to St. Benedict and had a diameter of 1.04 m. The bell cracked when it rang and was replaced in 1976. In 1767 a new bell was added. In 1835, Pastor Heinrich Otto Gendt bought a small bell "In honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary". Two of the existing bells had to be given in for war purposes in September 1918. The remaining oldest bells showed large signs of wear and had to be replaced. For this reason, four new bells were purchased by the pastor Anton Rave in 1922. In addition, there was the Barbaraglocke, which was handed in but not melted down. All but a small Benedict bell that was outside the tower had to be returned in 1943. The small bell outside was not destroyed in 1943. The Brilon company took this with them when the five new bells were delivered and melted it down because the sound did not match the other bells. After the Second World War in 1948, pastor Heinrich Bayer procured five new bells from the A Junker company in Brilon. All bells are made of a copper-silicon mixture. The St. Benedictus bell was donated by Count and Countess von Merveldt on Westerwinkel.
| No. | Surname | Ø (mm) | pitch | Inscription language | Inscription / translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sacred Heart of Jesus | 1560 | c ' | German | "Each of my notes speaks highly praised be Jesus Christ" |
| 2 | St. Michael | 1310 | it' | German | "Leader in battle, winner in battle, lead us through battle to bliss" |
| 3 | St. Joseph | 1150 | f ' | Latin | "Prector Regis, Recator Gregis, Invito Gregem ad Christum Regem" / "Protector of the king, advocate of the flock I invite the flock to Christ the king." |
| 4th | St. Benedictus | 1030 | G' | Latin German | "St. Benedict, we dedicate this bell here to thank you. Protect us and this place from robbery and murder in the future. "
"Domine, refugium factus es nobis a generatione in generationem" / "Lord, you have created a sanctuary for us from generation to generation." |
| 5 | St. Mary | 870 | b ' | German | "Please for us, Maria!" |
literature
- St. Benedikt Herbern - Schnell Art Guide No. 2316 , Josef Farwick, Regensburg 1997
- Herbern - History of a village in the Münsterland , Josef Farwick, Dülmen 1995
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 44 ′ 27.2 " N , 7 ° 39 ′ 37.6" E