St. Christina (Herzebrock)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Christina is a listed church building in Herzebrock , a district of Herzebrock-Clarholz in the Gütersloh district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ). The building is listed under number 10 in the list of architectural monuments in Herzebrock-Clarholz . It was the monastery church of the Benedictine monastery Herzebrock until 1803 . The cruciform basilica with a sweeping transept was made of rubble stone. The strong west tower is silted up. The parish belongs to the pastoral association Herzebrock-Clarholz of the deanery Rietberg-Wiedenbrück in the Archdiocese of Paderborn .
History and architecture
The first predecessor church was a wooden structure, it was built in the 12th century with a single-nave structure with a slightly retracted choir and church tower. In 1474, the procurator Johannes von Hamm ordered the church to be rebuilt. 50 Rhenish gold guilders were made available, the farms subject to interest had to provide building materials. The Romanesque building was demolished and extensively rebuilt in 1474 as part of the Bursfeld reform . The new late Gothic church with four bays had a single nave and closed with a 5/8 choir. The three western bays, which also included the nuns' choir , were provided with reticulated vaults. A cloister was added to the north side , which was demolished from 1900 to 1901. The upper part of the tower was raised in 1705 and crowned with a pointed helmet . The corner blocks and parts of the facing are made of sandstone. The building was extensively expanded from 1898 to 1901 according to plans by the Paderborn cathedral and diocesan master builder Arnold Güldenpfennig . Low side aisles, the transept the baptistery and the southern apse were built. The reticulated vaults of the demolished southern cloister wing were preserved and were reused in the northern chapel annex. Old vault paintings and colored tendril paintings from the 15th century were uncovered and restored in 1958. The walls of the main and side aisles are divided by windows decorated with tracery .
The interior is dominated by the late Gothic central nave, the high transept is only slightly included. The almost square Vierungsjoch was part of the choir in the Middle Ages. The former nun's gallery in a west yoke was dismantled in 1901. The keystones in the vaults show representations of St. Christina and St. Benedict.
Furnishing
- The high altar is a carved reredos depicting scenes from the life of Jesus. The explosion has not been handed down. The altar was built by August Bücker and the figures and reliefs are the work of Heinrich Hartmann.
- The pulpit is elaborately designed, it was built between 1902 and 1904, together with the confessionals, in the Diedrichs & Knoche workshop.
- The organ prospectus from 1699 is in the tower yoke that is open to the ship, previously the nun's gallery stood here. The prospectus was supplemented with a designation in 1721. The 18th century version was uncovered and restored in 1986.
- A relic of St. Christina, the skullcap of the saint, was brought from Rome to Herzebrock in 900 by Bishop Egilmar von Osnabrück. In a document dated June 20, 1419, two cardinals confirm a 100-day indulgence for believers who make pilgrimages to the monastery on Christina's feast day and who financially support the church. The relic is exhibited on the Christine altar.
- The rosary altar comes from the time of the late Gothic construction. He used to be in the nuns choir. A painter from the Wiedenbrück school , Becker-Brockhinke, extended the Marien altar to a rosary altar. Some parts of the altar are shown in the National Gallery in London and in the Kunstmuseum Munster. The Herzebrock Heimatstube is home to colored copies of these parts. Other objects from the monastery period are also shown here.
- Remnants of a Christian altar from 1902 to 1904 have been preserved.
- The Christ corpus of the crucifixion group from the second half of the 17th century was renewed in 1963. The group is outside.
- Another crucifixion group with a forked cross stands on the converted church square. It was created in the 18th century.
- The Baumberger sandstone Madonna dates from around 1330. The former lily scepter has been lost. The remains of the original version were uncovered in 1963.
- A bell with a particularly good sound was cast by Wolter Westerhues in 1507 . Three other bells were cast in the 16th century, as well as in 1679 and 1716.
Excavations
On the property on the west side of the tower, hollowed-out tree trunks were uncovered during excavation work in 1963; they were probably used earlier as a water pipe . In addition, old oak planks and boards were found. During further work in 1983, two parallel walls built with mortar were excavated at a depth of one meter . From these references it was concluded that the monastery complex was here until the third fire in 1314.
Historical views
Albert Ludorff described and documented the church in his work Die Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler von Westfalen Volume 10 Kreis Wiedenbrück from 1901. Some historical photos are included here for supplementation.
Parish Church of St. Christina, view from 1899
St. Christina, historical view around 1900
St. Christina exterior view with cloister around 1900
Interior view to the east
Inside view towards the organ
The Pietà in the state before 1900
The historical monstrance
The Madonna, representation of the state before 1900
literature
- Ursula Quednau (arrangement): Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, North Rhine-Westphalia, Volume II: Westphalia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2
- Albert Ludorff The architectural and art monuments of Westphalia Volume 10 Wiedenbrück district from 1901
Web links
- Church websites with the history and extensive photo documentation
- Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints: Christina von Bolsena, Patroness of the Church
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reference to the altars ( Memento of the original from September 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The whereabouts of the rosary altar
- ↑ Pages of the Heimatstube
- ↑ Report on the excavations
Coordinates: 51 ° 53 ′ 5 " N , 8 ° 14 ′ 42.6" E