St. John the Baptist (Petting)
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The Roman Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist (also: St. Johann Baptist ) is a Gothic hall church in the municipality of Petting in the Upper Bavarian district of Traunstein . She belongs with her daughter church of the Assumption in the village cemetery to Pfarrverband St. Michael Kirchanschöring the dean's office Traunstein in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising .
History and architecture
The masonry on three sides of the tower's ground floor is transformed into a predecessor of today's tower from the 12th / 13th centuries. Closed in the 19th century. The then small, Romanesque or early Gothic church was replaced by the current building from 1493 under Pastor Oswald Verig by the Salzburg court architect Peter Intzinger.
The church is a single-nave building made of tuff blocks on a high base from Nagelfluh with four bays with a three-sided choir from the beginning of the 16th century. The west tower is of Romanesque origin up to the arched frieze on the third floor, the floors above are marked with the year 1536 and a pointed helmet with four corner points, similar to the collegiate church in Laufen . The sacristy , the portal vestibule and the adjacent poor soul chapel were built in the 16th century. The structure is surrounded by multi-stepped buttresses. The exterior was restored in 1986–1988 and the interior in 1991. The interior is characterized by a reticulated vault with winding rows and tracery-like noses. The walls are divided by grooved pillars and services with profiled capitals with shield arches. The architectural painting in the style of the late Renaissance from 1627 was partially reconstructed in 1974, after which the neo-Gothic furnishings, which were changed during a renovation in 1950, were restored to their original state. A renovation of the exterior was carried out in the years 1986–1989, in the process the multi-layer cement plaster applied in 1963 was removed. In terms of architecture and proportions, the building proves to be a characteristic building from the late bloom of the Gothic in the Salzburg region.
Furnishing
Altars
The elaborate neo-Gothic furnishings from the years 1868–1874 consist of three winged altars and the pulpit. The high altar is a work from the years 1868–1870 and was executed by the sculptor Matthäus Kern , the panel paintings by Josef Hitzinger from Teisendorf, the version by Franz Straußenberger from Laufen. In the shrine, under carved canopies, the church patron John the Baptist, flanked by Saints Paul and Peter, are depicted, ten small apostle busts in the shrine frame. In the high three-part conversation Enge Christ on the Cross with Mary and John represented about Maria with Barbara and Catherine , in the two sides pinnacles the Saints Benedict and Leonhard , about Agnes and Magdalena. On the inside of the double wings there are reliefs on a gold background with scenes from the life of the church patron. After closing the outer wings, scenes from the life of Christ and John can be seen. On both sides of the shrine there are consoles for originally intended shrine guards. In the high predella on both sides of the tabernacle under canopies there are groups of figures with the birth of Christ and the adoration of the three wise men. The outer swivel wings show representations of the church fathers . The architecturally rich cladding of the cafeteria shows figures from the Old Testament in niches.
The left side altar from the years 1873–1875 was also created by Kern and Hitzinger and shows the Lamentation of Christ in the shrine, with Mother Anna in the burst . The inside of the wings is decorated with scenes from the Old Testament on a gold background: top left the expulsion from Paradise, below Cain and Abel's sacrifices, top right Isaac's sacrifice and below the Passover. The outside shows on the left Joseph with the green stick as a reference to the marriage to Mary and on the right Sarah from the Old Testament, the wife of Abraham and mother Isaac as a model of Mary because of the grace of God ( Genesis 21.2 EU ). In the predella, an angel and representations from the Old Testament can be seen on both sides of the tabernacle .
The right side altar was created by the same artists in 1874/1875. St. Sebastian is shown in the shrine , flanked by St. Hubert on the left and St. Christopher on the right. The baptizing Saint Francis Xavier is shown in the middle of the three-part burst . On the inside of the wings, the saints Barbara, Katharina and Margaretha are seated at the top left, Georg, Dionysius and Achatius standing below, Pantaleon, Cyriacus and Vitus at the top right, Erasmus, Blasius and Aegidius at the bottom. The outer sides of the wings show the young Tobias with the fish and Archangel Raphael on the left, St. Michael with the dragon on the right. Four angels are painted on a gold background in the predella.
Pulpit, organ and more
The pulpit is a work by Matthäus Kern from 1872 and shows the figure of the Good Shepherd in the tower-like high bell , on the pulpit stone reliefs with the five secrets of the rosary and on the back wall, also in stone, angels with tablets of law on clouds. In the choir there are grave monuments made of Adnet marble for Wolfgang Obinger, canon in St. Zeno and pastor in Petting († 1594) and for pastor Johann Piberger († 1617) for 30 years. The subtle and sophisticated iconographic concept of the neo-Gothic decor, which juxtaposes themes from the Old and New Testaments, is attributed to the pastor Lorenz Koch (1858–1871). On the north wall there is a carved Mother of God from the 18th century, as well as life-size, gold-framed figures of the Salzburg diocese patrons Rupertus and Virgil , which were created by Simon Högner from Tittmoning for the former high altar around 1693/1694. In the west there is a double gallery built on two pillars each, the parapets of which are decorated with three neo-Gothic tracery panels made of wood in stone color. The organ in a neo-Gothic prospect is a work by the Ludwig Eisenbarth company from Passau from 1982 with 15 stops on two manuals and a pedal .
Extensions
The sacristy from the time the church was built is accessed through a multi-grooved stone portal with a horizontal lintel and a door leaf made of oak with a lily-shaped fitting from the first half of the 16th century. The vault ribs were probably removed in the early 18th century from the stitch cap vault of the square room. On the west side of the room there is a multi-part wall unit from the early 18th century with an imitation painting of inlays , which was exposed and restored in 1991.
In the vestibule there is a double grooved church portal with intersecting bars, which is also framed by intersecting bars. An overlying architectural structure was covered or removed when the off-center portal vestibule was built in the early 16th century. A rib vault with a tracery-like quatrefoil in an octagon from the construction period rests on wall brackets. To the left of the portal there is a holy water basin with tracery relief on two sides, which has been worked off at the bottom and was probably originally used in a different context. On the east side, a group of mounts of olives made of wood from the 18th century was built in during the Baroque period and provided with a painted background from the 20th century. In a barred niche below, a seated dungeon savior can be seen after the flagellation from the middle of the 18th century.
On the west side, the former poor soul chapel (today the baptistery) is built with two bays, which is spanned by a console-supported net vault. In this vault, as in the church, floral paintings from around 1620 have been preserved. A crucifix from the beginning of the 18th century is attached to the west wall. The chapel is accessed by an ogival arched, multiple grooved outer portal on a base with a stonemason's mark, which was probably created around 1520/1530. In the chapel there are several funerary monuments of priests and officials from the 17th and 18th centuries.
literature
- Handbook of German Art Monuments . Bayern IV: Munich and Upper Bavaria. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3-422-03115-9 , p. 1047.
- Hans Roth: Churches of the parish Petting (= Small Art Guide No. 2074). Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 1994, pp. 4-9.
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 54 ′ 42.2 ″ N , 12 ° 49 ′ 6.2 ″ E