St. Laurentius (Scharfenberg)
St. Laurentius is a listed baroque church in the Brilon district of Scharfenberg in the Hochsauerland ( North Rhine-Westphalia ).
history
A first vicar was mentioned in 1344 with the priest Gerwin as vicariove capelle in Scharpenberg , an independent parish has been secured since 1493.
The predecessor of today's church, a small chapel, had already survived the Thirty Years War , but was then dilapidated. It must have stood at this point, as old rubble foundations were found in front of the left side altar during excavations in 1971.
The new church was built from 1745 to 1750 according to plans by Franz Christoph Nagel. In 1847 almost the entire village burned down, including the tower and roof; the baroque furnishings were spared because of the massive vault. A few days earlier, the pastor had the sum insured for fire damage increased fourfold; 6000 thalers were approved for a new building.
description
The single-nave church is divided into three bays . In the east, the choir square connects with a 4/8 end, later this was converted into a two-storey sacristy . The belt arches for the vaults are supported by massive pillars that divide the nave. A basket arch-shaped groin vault made of tuff stone with a thickness of 30 cm covers the room. A massive triumphal arch leads to the square choir room. This is 2.50 m narrower than the ship.
Originally the church had two opposite entrances. The northern one was walled up, the remaining southern entrance got a sandstone portal with architraves and pilasters. An alliance coat of arms of the von Weichs zu Körtlinghausen family is attached above the portal.
The tower is to the west. It is equipped with 1.60 m thick walls; the baroque tower dome that was destroyed in the fire was replaced by an octagonal pyramid.
Furnishing
High altar
The central point is the high altar ; it is built on two floors. The central image of the Crucifixion from 1851 dominates; it shows the crucified Jesus, Mary, Mary Magdalene and John. Before the fire in 1847 there was a large painting by a Rubens pupil with the title Der Lanzenstich .
A pelican feeding its young is shown under the rotating tabernacle. In the middle of the painting is the coat of arms of the von Weichs family , the donor family of the church.
In the upper part, the Descent from the Cross is shown on a painting. The painting is framed with a richly carved frame. Flanked by two cherubim, the eye of God can be seen in a halo. In the main field of the high altar are four life-size figures of saints in front of the pilasters: Laurentius with the grate in his hand, Joseph with the baby Jesus in his arms, Franz Xavier and Johannes von Nepomuk.
Rococo pulpit
The stair and pulpit parapets of the rococo pulpit are richly rococo carved. Around the pulpit floor, parapet pilasters swing together to form an ornamental knob. A figure of Bernhard von Clairvaux stands on a velvet attachment on the sound cover .
Fork cross
The fork cross is the most valuable item in the church. The cross was made around 1400 and was already hanging in the old church. From a trip to Rome in 1715, squire von Weichs brought relics with him that allegedly come from the cross on which Jesus was crucified by Nazareth . These were inserted into the body. The fork cross was carried in a basket during processions. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the cross, considered to be miraculous, was strongly venerated and was the destination of many pilgrimages.
According to legend, the cross floated in the air in an oak forest east of the village and was discovered by a shepherd. The pastor who had been called managed to take the cross and bring it to the church in a solemn procession.
Pews
The oak pews are from the previous church that burned down, and some of them still bear traces of the fire. They are decorated with typical Rococo carvings, each head piece shows a different picture.
Mary Altar
The structure of the Marian altar on the south side is modeled on the high altar in terms of structure, curved outline and structure. The immaculate conception is shown as the main character in a baroque sculpture. Mary crushes a snake. An inscription on the dogma of the immaculate conception can be read on the pedrelle below . On the left is a statue of St. Anne , on the right one of St. Agatha . An oil painting shows the coronation of Mary.
Cross altar
The cross altar resembles the high altar in plan and structure. The forked cross from the 15th century is kept in a glass shrine. It is flanked by figures of Mary and John the Baptist.
organ
The organ was probably built by Adolph Cappelmann in 1754, and the gallery forms the end of the tower. The Rückpositiv, made up of five parts, is built into the gallery parapet, with the main work, also made up of five parts, above it. The leading work documents the change from baroque to rococo. The instrument has been repaired several times. A first repair took place in 1850, the restorations of 1938 and 1940 were unsatisfactory. A major renovation was made in 1942. During the extensive restoration in 1978, a number of old parts were preserved; of the total of 1,326 organ pipes , the wooden and metal pipes were reused.
Further equipment
- The two confessionals show curved outlines that are typical of the Rococo art of the 18th century. In the structure of the confessional on the north side there is a figure of St. Peter and on the south side that of Maria Magdalena with the attribute of the skull. An originally existing third confessional was sold to Altenbüren.
- The oak communion bench was built in 1755. The rich carving is remarkable. It used to close off the choir, the middle section has been used as a celebration altar since the liturgical reforms in the 1960s.
- The choir stalls with a paneled back wall were donated in 1755 by the Baron von Weichs.
- Two paintings by the painter Johann Kupetzky hang under the organ gallery. They show the immaculate conception and Jesus as the savior of the world.
- Formerly in the tower area, the octagonal baptismal font is now in front of the Marien Altar and therefore more in the center. It is 92 cm high and held in the shape of a cup. The wooden body stands on a stone base. The 63 cm high lid is strongly profiled and crowned with a cube, a ball and above it a dove.
literature
- Wilfried Finke: Briloner Heimatbuch . Ed .: Briloner Heimatbund. tape II , 1994, ZDB -ID 1106076-1 , p. 66-74 .
- Church leader parish church St. Laurentius Scharfenberg. Publisher of the parish of St. Laurentius Scharfenberg, in cooperation with the local history and tourist association. 1993
Web links
- History of the St. Laurentius Congregation Pastoral Association Brilon
Individual evidence
- ^ Johann Suibert Seibertz: State and legal history of the Duchy of Westphalia. Volume 2. Arnsberg 1843, p. 332, books.google.de .
Coordinates: 51 ° 25 ′ 28 ″ N , 8 ° 31 ′ 35 ″ E