Ammensleben Monastery
The Ammensleben monastery is a former Benedictine abbey in Groß Ammensleben in what is now Saxony-Anhalt , which was founded in 1120 as an Augustinian canon monastery , but was transferred to the Benedictines shortly afterwards . It survived the Reformation as a Catholic institution and was not secularized until 1804. The former abbey church now serves as a Catholic parish church. Today it is part of the Romanesque Road .
history
Founding time
Theodoric II von Ammensleben and his wife founded a church on their property in 1110. From this an Augustinian canon monastery emerged in 1120. Honorius II took this under papal protection in 1124. In 1127 the own church came to the diocese of Magdeburg . The bailiwick rights remained with the founding family. Two years later the monastery was converted into a Benedictine monastery. The previous canons moved to Saxony. The first monks came from the Berge Abbey in Magdeburg . In the beginning, the monastery was shaped by the Hirsau reform .
Development in the Middle Ages
The monastery church was consecrated in 1135 and the monastery was elevated to an abbey . Since then the director no longer had the title of prior, but that of abbot. Innocent II confirmed the protection privilege. At the same time he placed it under the supervision of the Berge Abbey. In the south of the Ammensleben abbey church, the Nikolauskapelle was established in 1170. This first monastery church was largely destroyed by fire in 1193 and was rebuilt in the following years.
After the founding family died out, the bailiwick was transferred to the Counts of Regenstein in 1208 . Because the bailiffs oppressed the monastery, Abbot Mourin bought the bailiff back in 1273. In order to raise the purchase price, properties had to be sold. This led to the economic decline of the monastery. After a period of decline, the abbey joined the Bursfeld congregation in 1461 . Ammensleben was briefly subordinated to the Berge Abbey. Archbishop Friedrich II von Hoym had previously opposed the dissolution of the community and is therefore considered the second founder of the monastery. In 1470, the reform of monastery life was so far complete that independence could be restored.
Early modern age
As a result, structural changes began. A new cloister was built in 1503 and the church has been partially redesigned in Gothic style since 1521 . As one of the few monasteries in the region, Ammensleben survived the Peasants' War of 1525 unscathed. After initial hesitation, the monks resisted the attempts of the Protestant sovereign to introduce the Reformation in the 16th century. Since then, the monastery has also provided the provosts of Hamersleben monastery .
Since 1580 the monastery had to employ an evangelical preacher on the orders of the sovereign. Protestant services also had to be held. Protestant services are still held in the church today. The monastery itself remained Catholic. At the beginning of the 17th century there were minor structural changes.
During the Thirty Years' War the monks fled several times from advancing troops to Wolfenbüttel . Although Catholic, the monastery suffered particularly from the imperial troops. The Peace of Westphalia ensured the monastery continued existence and the Catholic denomination. The abbot took precedence among the remaining monastery heads over the Brandenburg rulers. In 1677 Abbot Placidus Meinders was appointed vicar general for spiritual affairs in the Principality of Halberstadt . In the 18th century the monastery was also responsible for the Catholic soldiers in Gardelegen , Salzwedel and Stendal . In 1765 the abbey church received a new organ and in 1769 a new high altar.
Since secularization
In 1804 the monastery was secularized. The church became a parish church. During the 19th century, a west gallery was built into the church, while the monastery buildings were demolished. In 1953 the church was publicly owned and badly damaged by storms in 1972. The tower was not rebuilt until 1981. Since 2000 the church has belonged to the Catholic parish again. Since 2010 the parish of Groß Ammensleben belongs to the parish of St. Christophorus, based in Haldensleben. A development association has been supporting the preservation of the church since 2011.
church
The original church was built in the 12th century in the Romanesque style as an originally transeptless basilica made of rubble stones. This Romanesque building still shapes the image of the church today. Of the four initially planned towers, only the one in the northwest was completed. The largely Romanesque nave has three aisles with eight bays . The choir and west building, however, were changed later. Around 1170 a columned portal with a two-part tympanum was added. A Lady Chapel was built in 1334 and an Ursula Chapel probably in the 15th century. The previously flat roofed church was partially given a ribbed vault in the course of a Gothic renovation at the beginning of the 16th century . Two towers formed the western end.
The high altar dates from 1769. The pulpit from 1724 originally comes from the monastery church in Althaldensleben . A memorial tumba was discovered during excavation work in the center aisle of the church and probably dates from around 1500. It is supposed to remember the donors. Various gravestones are reminiscent of abbots of the monastery. A baroque epitaph from 1704 is dedicated to Abbot Placidus Meinders. On May 14, 2017, the people's altar was consecrated by Bishop Gerhard Feige , which originally served Protestant church services.
Abbots
- 1140-1156 Berthold
- 1160-1163 Lubertus
- 1163–1173 Segebodo
- 1173-1190 Remboldus
- 1190-1194 Wolcmarus
- 1194-1208 Godefridus
- 1208-1226 Christianus
- 1226-1247 Caesarius
- 1247-1263 Volcwinus
- 1263–1273 Friedrich Mourin
- 1273-1281 Theodericus Lentzelini
- 1283-1286 Henricus de Hardestarp
- 1286-1300 Theodericus Poppo
- 1300–1308 Alexander de Bartelensleben
- 1308-1334 Bodo de Randow
- 1334–1346 Arnoldus Cologne
- 1346-1355 Peter by J.
- 1355–1372 Arnoldus II.
- 1372-1393 Henricus
- 1393–1425 Laurentius Clebe
- 1426-1447 Henricus Wullfhagen
- 1447–1449 Sebastian Kuntzen
- 1449-1461 Sedi vacancy
- 1463-1468 Theodericus
- 1468–1486 Tilmann Schöneback
- 1486–1518 Gregorius Kirchhoff
- 1518–1543 Egbertus Fischer
- 1543–1579 Henricus Schuckmann
- 1579–1580 Johannes Baumeister
- 1580–1608 Ludgerus Huffgenius
- 1608-1636 Casper Ulenberg
- 1636–1669 Johannes Torwesten
- 1669–1670 Ferdinand von Erwitte
- 1670-1704 Placidus Meinders
- 1704–1706 Benedictus Thombusch
- 1707-1724 Bonifacius Thier
- 1724–1733 Paulus Tönnies
- 1733–1741 Bonifacius Sieker
- 1741–1761 Carolus Riekes
- 1761–1765 Placidus Trier
- 1765–1771 Bonifacius Weyrather
- 1771–1773 Josephus Demeur
- 1773–1780 Placidus Schübeler
- 1780–1795 Beda Litze
- 1795–1804 Bonifacius Schoffs
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Matthias Holluba: Bishop is happy about the altar. In: tag-des-herrn.de from May 18, 2017, accessed on July 4, 2017.
Coordinates: 52 ° 13 ′ 52.7 " N , 11 ° 31 ′ 11.1" E