St. Urban (Schwäbisch Hall)

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St. Urban
View of the choir from 1907 with the epitaph of the Moritz Schwab family (north wall) and the epitaphs Georg Botz and Joh.Immanuel Franck (south wall)
View from the pews to the east to the choir room (current state)

The late Romanesque church of St. Urban in the Unterlimpurg suburb of Schwäbisch Hall is a branch church of the Protestant parish of St. Michael .

location

The St. Urban Church is located at Unterlimpurger Straße 51 about half a kilometer southeast of the medieval town center of Schwäbisch Hall. In the immediate vicinity are the late medieval monuments of the former Lower Limpurgian hospital and the historic nail smithy .

history

Beginnings

The church was originally called the Holy Virgin under the mountain . Its current name is attributed to a reading error according to which "ecclesia s [ub] urb [ana]" (suburban church) has become St. Urban . The church was probably built before 1230 by Schenk Walther II on Oberlimpurg (around 1210–1283) below Limpurg Castle.

First expansion (before 1250)

The first expansion took place before 1250, when a three-sided early Gothic choir with two bays was added. The three sides of the choir received pointed arched windows, of which only the east window has a central muntin and a simple tracery from this period. A three-storey church tower was also built in the north with a base area of ​​4.60 × 4.60 m. The north-east and north-west edge of the tower still shows a diamond frieze from this period. The second floor of the tower is said to have been created as a vaulted, chapel-like room (Michaelskapelle). The room is 2.45 × 2.65 m in size and shows a niche in the west wall, which is 59 × 68 cm and 52 cm deep (sacramental niche?). Its orientation towards the cemetery makes it think of it as a cemetery chapel, which was probably dedicated to the Archangel Michael. This room can be compared with the Michael's chapel above the vestibule of the collegiate church in Ellwangen or the chapel in the tower of St. Michael in Schwäbisch Hall. It is called "capella suburbi castri nostri Limpurg" (1283) when it was raised to the status of an independent parish church.

Second extension (1384)

In 1384 it was called "our women's chapel under Limpurg" and was consecrated to Mary. In the course of an extension at the end of the 14th century, the choir was given a vault. The church tower was raised by 7 meters, along with a new roof structure. A bell house with coupled sound windows on four sides was set up in the church tower, animal heads adorned the fighters on the central columns of the tower windows. The wall tabernacle and the mural on the north wall of the choir date from this time.

  • Wall tabernacle

  • Wall painting on the north wall of Maria with the distaff

Third extension (1430/50)

A third extension was carried out by Schenk Frederick V (1400-1474) and Susanna from Thierstein to 1430/50, which is also the Marienaltar donated. The nave was widened and a chapel was added on the south side. The chapel was probably intended as a burial place for Schenk Friedrich V and Susanna von Thierstein. A two-wing Gothic west portal was built. In the tympanum field of the west portal two heraldic shields held by an angel with the maces and Franconian army heads of the Limpurger and the doe of the Thiersteiner were attached. On the four consoles of the vault ribs of the choir, angels bear the coats of arms of the ancestors: Baden-Spohnheim, Vinstingen, Blankenberg and Thierstein. In the keystone of the choir the coat of arms of the taverns can be seen, which is surrounded on three sides by angel heads. Under Schenk Friedrich V, the nave was extended to the north around 1450, after which the west wall of the church tower was located within the nave. After that, the second floor of the tower could only be used as a cemetery chapel because the chapel was only 1.82 m deep and the western sacraments niche could no longer be used due to an inserted partition.

  • Two-winged west portal, in the tympanum field the coat of arms of the Limpurger and the Thiersteiner

  • Choir view of the St. Urban Church in Schwäbisch Hall

  • Cross-section of the St. Urban Church in Schwäbisch Hall

Tower elevation (1698)

The tower was raised in 1698, as evidenced by an old clock panel from the tower with the year 1698 painted on it, which is kept in the attic.

Furnishing

Altars

The Marien Altar stands in the tradition of the Dutch import altars typical of Hall and was probably made in Hall itself. The painted altar wings came to the Württemberg State Museum in Stuttgart in 1845 , and some of them have been on loan at the Hällisch-Fränkisches Museum since 2006 and have been replaced by copies in the Urbank Church.

Once there were two smaller side altars in the church. Remains of a second altar shrine from 1491, ulmish, with altar panels painted on both sides are now in the State Museum in Stuttgart, such as the back wall and wings of a predella and two upper wings. Heinrich Merz, city pastor, reported in 1845 that an oblong plaque with martyrs such as Dionysius, St. Alban, St. Exuberantius, St. Ursicinus, Prokulus, Didier and Regula was to be seen. Including three angels with lute and book. This is also the Ulm school.

  • Former Side altar, front: helpers in need. Mary with child. (today State Museum Stuttgart).

  • Former Side altar, back: Helper m. Veronica's handkerchief (today Stuttgart State Museum).

additional

The church is decorated with several epitaphs from the 17th century and a wall tabernacle from the 15th century. The organ was built in 1778.

The epitaph of the Moritz Schwab family, located on the north wall of the choir in 1907, was moved to the north gallery. On the south wall of the choir, next to the pulpit, there were the epitaphs Georg Botz and Joh. Immanuel Franck in 1907. These are now on the parapet of the lower gallery.

literature

  • Eugen Gradmann : The art and antiquity monuments of the city and the Oberamt Schwäbisch-Hall . Paul Neff Verlag, Esslingen a. N. 1907, OCLC 31518382 , pp. 51-55 ( archive.org ).
  • Eduard Krüger: The Marien Altar to St. Urban in Schwäbisch Hall. In: The Haalquell. Vol. 14, 1962, ZDB -ID 128138-0 , pp. 17-20.
  • Dagmar Zimdars among other things: Handbook of German art monuments . Baden-Württemberg. Volume 1: The administrative districts of Stuttgart and Karlsruhe. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 1993, ISBN 3-422-03024-7 , p. 685.
  • Wolfgang Deutsch among others: The Michaelskirche in Schwäbisch Hall. A guide through the medieval churches of St. Michael, St. Katharina and Urbanskirche. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Fink, Lindenberg 2004, ISBN 3-89870-075-5 .
  • Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. Documentation of the epitaphs and tombs. In: Württembergisch-Franken. Yearbook. Vol. 89, 2005, ISSN  0084-3067 , pp. 169-219.
  • Daniela Naumann: The urban church Schwäbisch Hall. In: Württembergisch-Franken. Yearbook. Vol. 90/91, 2006/2007, pp. 143-196.
  • Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. Structural changes - church use. City of Schwäbisch Hall, Schwäbisch Hall 2007, ISBN 978-3-932146-25-1 .

Web links

Commons : St. Urban Church (Schwäbisch Hall)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b cf. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 79.
  2. ↑ Urban Church on the pages of the city of Schwäbisch Hall
  3. ↑ Urbanskirche on the website of the Friends' Association and Foundation for the Preservation of Medieval Churches in Hall ( Memento of the original from December 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mittelalterliche-kirchen.de
  4. ↑ Walther II was born as the son of Waltherus de Schippe or Schüpf (from Oberschüpf near Boxberg). Walther's father was often mentioned in documents from 1209 to 1218. After his father had Limpurg Castle built around 1220, he was called by Limpurg from 1229. Walther II married Elisabetha von Warburg.
  5. ↑ a b cf. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 7.
  6. ↑ cf. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 7 f.
  7. ^ Rudolf Gabel : The Romanesque church towers of Württemberg. An architectural historical study of the Romanesque church towers of Württemberg, which are still in place today, in whole or in part or in reconstruction. Wittwer, Stuttgart 1937.
  8. ↑ a b cf. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 9.
  9. ↑ cf. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 10.
  10. ↑ The couple were then buried in the Josefskapelle on the Komburg.
  11. ↑ cf. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 10 f.
  12. ↑ cf. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 13 f.
  13. ↑ cf. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 14.
  14. ^ Alfred Stange : German Gothic painting. Volume 8: Swabia in the period from 1450 to 1500. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin 1957, p. 113; Naumann: The urban church Schwäbisch Hall. In: Württembergisch-Franken. Yearbook. Vol. 90/91, 2006/2007, pp. 143-196, here p. 144.
  15. ↑ According to Dr. Kruger. see. Hans Werner Hönes: Urban Church Schwäbisch Hall. 2007, p. 12 f.
  16. ^ Eugen Gradmann : The art and antiquity monuments of the city and the Oberamt Schwäbisch-Hall . Paul Neff Verlag, Esslingen a. N. 1907, OCLC 31518382 , pp. 53 ( archive.org ).

Coordinates: 49 ° 6 ′ 22.9 "  N , 9 ° 44 ′ 31.8"  E