St. Ursula (Oberursel)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. Ursula
pulpit
inner space
organ

St. Ursula is the main Roman Catholic church in Oberursel (Taunus) and is dedicated to St. Ursula . As a cultural monument, it is under monument protection together with the furnishings and the churchyard . It is the parish church of the pastoral area Oberursel / Steinbach in the church district of Hochtaunus .

history

Before 876 a monastery was mentioned in the area of ​​today's Oberursel that was consecrated to St. Ursula. Since the early Middle Ages, there have been sacred buildings on the mountain spur on which the church is located. During excavations, the remains of a hall church built in the 12th century were found. A clay tile floor found was dated from 1160 to 1180. At the end of the 13th century it was elevated to parish church.

The current building was built in several construction phases, beginning in the middle of the 15th century. This is related to the granting of city ​​rights for Oberursel in 1444. In 1525, the Reformation was introduced in Oberursel. After Oberursel became part of Kurmainz , the Catholic religion was reintroduced in 1604. In 1645 the church was set on fire by the French and rebuilt in 1659. The consecration took place on October 14, 1659. The parish registers have been preserved since 1601.

organ

Johann Conrad Bürgy began building a new organ in 1789 , which was completed by his son Philipp Heinrich Bürgy in 1793 after his death . The instrument had 21  stops on two manuals and a pedal .

The Bonn company Klais replaced the work in 1923 and expanded it to 24 votes. In 1960 a new building with 21 registers by Förster & Nicolaus from Lich followed behind the historic prospectus of Bürgy. Since the restoration in 2006, the color version has been based on the baroque original.

Bells

The church has a special ensemble of four bells . They rang in an unusual motif that almost forms the musically difficult tritone , which, however, due to the different tonal properties of the bells, is not perceived as uncomfortably as with a tuned musical instrument. Since the big bell was changed in 2018, they have been ringing in the Westminster motif.

  • The oldest bell is called Maria Craft . Their weight is 2600 kg, the strike tone is at a raised c sharp 1 . It was cast in 1508 by Georg Craft from Mainz. During the fire in 1645, it fell from the burning tower. Legend has it that the bell was thought to have broken and it was considered to be sold as scrap to the city of Frankfurt am Main. However, a test showed that the bell was intact. During the Second World War it was confiscated and was supposed to be melted down. This did not happen, however, and it was one of the small number of bells that were still preserved in the bell cemetery in Hamburg-Veddel after the war . The bell returned to Oberursel in 1947. In 1986 it was discovered that her clapper was the wrong length and struck the wrong place on the bell. This cracked the bell. To save the bell, the tower window was removed and the bell was recovered with the help of a crane. After welding at the Lachenmeyer company in Nördlingen , it was reinstalled. In 2011 a new crack was accidentally discovered in the same place. As part of the Hessentag 2011 , donations were collected and the bell was brought to Nördlingen to be welded again. As with the expansion, the bell was reinstalled on March 14, 2012 with great sympathy from the population, hung up a little rotated and fitted with a new clapper. However, it was found in 2016 that a crack had formed again in the same place. The bell was shut down, but because of the transport costs and the high risk of further damage, the municipality decided against further welding under the guarantee and for a new bell to be cast. The old bell remains as a showpiece behind the new large bell in the tower.
  • The largest bell bears the name Maria Frieden , which was selected as part of a competition by the parish. It refers to the name of the old bell and at the same time is intended to warn for peace. The bell was poured in the spring of 2018 at the foundry Gebr. Rincker in Sinn, consecrated in a festive service on August 19, 2018 and raised in the tower the following day. Its strike tone is a whole tone lower than that of its predecessor and thus on the same level as the large bell of the neighboring Evangelical Christ Church.
  • The St. Ursula bell with the strike note e 1 was cast by Dilman Schmid in 1696 .
  • The third largest bell was originally cast in 1925 by FW Rincker as a 800 kg memorial bell. It had the strike note f sharp 1 and was melted down during World War II. In 1954, the Joseph bell was manufactured by F. Otto, Hemelingen , as a replacement .
  • In 1986 the Christopherus or Pfr.-Einig memorial bell from the Rincker brothers was added as the smallest and youngest bell in the main bell. With a prime that is adjusted to the tones of the other bells and deepened by a gantzon, its sound appears medieval.
  • The new Sanctus bell from the Rincker foundry has been hanging in the roof turret since 1981 . It serves as a transformation bell. It could only be hung in this place after a replacement was found for an air raid siren installed there . Its predecessor was cast by Wolfgang Neidhardt in Frankfurt in 1646 and weighed 246 kg and had a striking tone of f 2 . In the First World War it was seized, as their replacement by FW Rincker from the year 1921st
  • The very small, undated fire bell is still on the surrounding parapet of the tower . It was rung by the tower keeper in dangerous situations.
  • In 1766 an Elfuhr bell was cast (b 1 ). It was already confiscated during World War I and has not been replaced.
No. Surname Casting year Foundry, casting location diameter Mass (approx.) Chime image
1 (old) Maria Craft 1508 Georg Craft, Mainz 1568 mm 2620 kg cis' + 6 / 16 Oberursel, St. Ursula, Große Glocke.jpg
1 (new) Maria peace 2018 Gebr. Rincker, Sinn 1,564 mm 2212 kg h ° - 4 / 16 Oberursel St. Ursula church bell Maria Frieden.jpg
2 St. Ursula Bell 1696 Dilman Schmid, Asslar 1263 mm 1360 kg e '- 7 / 16 Oberursel, St. Ursula, St. Ursulaglocke.jpg
3 Joseph Bell 1954 F. Otto, Hemelingen 1100 mm 850 kg fis' - 2 / 16 Oberursel, St. Ursula, St. Josefsglocke.jpg
4th Christopher Bell 1986 Gebr. Rincker, Sinn 974 mm 596 kg gis' ± 0 / 16 Oberursel, St. Ursula, Christopherusglocke.jpg
D. Sanctus bell 1981 Gebr. Rincker, Sinn 566 mm 135 kg gis "+ 2 / 16

Tower Museum

In the tower museum, works of art and sacred objects are exhibited on three floors. In addition, the tower contains the tower clock, the bell room with the historical bells and the tower house. The tower offers a wide panoramic view of the entire Rhine-Main plain.

Pastor

In 1275 the first clergyman in Oberursel, Vice Epleban Albertus, is named. In 1296 the name of a pastor, Cono von Hofweisel, appears for the first time in the documents. Ambrosius Seibaeus , who was pastor here from 1604 to 1606, later became (1623–1644) auxiliary bishop of Mainz. Other pastors of the parish church were:

  • Johann Bapt. Roth, 1818-1840
  • Antonius Hört, 1840–1864
  • Dr. Rudolph von Linde, 1864–1871
  • Wilhelm Tripp, 1873-1887
  • Gerhard Huyeng, 1887–1902
  • Balthasar Niel, 1902–1909
  • Maximilian Friton, 1909-1933
  • Josef Hartmann, from 1934
  • Gerhard Zieler
  • Paul Planz
  • Erich Einig
  • Gottfried Perne, October 1, 1985–31. August 2002
  • Peter Hofacker
  • Andreas Unfried, from January 1, 2012

literature

  • Eva Rowedder: Hochtaunuskreis . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen (=  monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , cultural monuments in Hessen ). Konrad Theiss Verlag, Darmstadt 2013, ISBN 978-3-8062-2905-9 , pp. 472-473 .
  • Josef Friedrich: St. Ursula zu Oberursel - The history of the St. Ursula Church in Oberursel.St. Ursula zu Oberursel: The history of the St. Ursula Church in Oberursel. Berlin: epubli 2017, ISBN 978-3-7418-9314-8
  • Josef Friedrich: The Church of St. Ursula in Oberursel. In: Ingrid Berg (Ed.): Heimat Hochtaunus. Frankfurt 1988, ISBN 3-7829-0375-7 , p. 336 ff.
  • Our common path: 150 years of the Limburg diocese. 1977, ISBN 3-7820-0399-3 , p. 191 and map p. 194.
  • Handbook of the Diocese of Limburg. As of January 1, 1958, pages 49–50.

Web links

Commons : St. Ursula  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Bösken: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 2: The area of ​​the former government district Wiesbaden (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history 7.2 . Part 2 (L – Z)). Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1370-6 , p. 701-702 .
  2. ^ Heil, Stefanie: After more than 500 years. The big bell has had its day. In: Taunus-Zeitung (Frankfurter Neue Presse). Societäts-Verlag, June 6, 2017, accessed on August 6, 2018 .
  3. ^ Heil, Stefanie: Main bell of St. Ursula. The new bell is called Maria Frieden. In: Taunus-Zeitung (Frankfurter Neue Presse). Societäts-Verlag, December 27, 2017, accessed on August 6, 2018 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 12 ′ 11 "  N , 8 ° 34 ′ 30.4"  E