City Church St. Johann (Kronberg im Taunus)
The St. Johann town church is a Protestant church in the Hessian town of Kronberg im Taunus from 1440.
description
The first mention of the Johanniskirche can be found in a document dated July 30, 1355, which says that Archbishop Gerlach of Mainz consecrated an altar in honor of St. John the Evangelist and Maria Magdalena in the new church, which is below the castle of Cronenberg (in nova capella sita infra oppidum Cronenberg). The builders were the cousins Frank VIII and Ulrich von Cronberg (vice domus of the archbishopric in the Rheingau). The choir is the rest of the building after the great fire of 1437. Soon after (1440–1450) Frank XII. (the rich man) build the nave and the tower. During its construction there were disputes with the builder Stephan Steynmetzen (Steffan von Irlebach), to whose arbitration Frank XII. On July 31, 1443, asked two stonemasons from the Dombauhütte to act as experts and arbitrators from the City Council of Frankfurt to “mediate and say whether they can amicably come to an agreement about such damage and errors.” This letter clearly shows that the bell tower was not part of the city fortifications from 1330. As the first pastor in the "new" church, Frank XII. 1443 Michael Swertmann von Herbstein arrives.
The interior of the church is characterized by the fully painted nave (internal dimensions 20.40 × 10.75 m) and the bright choir (internal dimensions 9.35 × 6.60 m). Several generations have worked on it.
The colored ceiling painting of the wooden barrel vault in the nave of Johann Friedrich Spangenberg dates back to 1617: Between symmetrical Renaissance - ornaments play and make music Putten , the swing also weapons and flags with the emblems of the Kronberger crest.
A large wall painting above the entrance to the choir is dedicated to the depiction of the Last Judgment . The numerous tombs of Kronberger and Reifenberger Knights with their wives are also impressive . In the choir on the right there is an epitaph from the early 16th century by Hans Backoffen . It depicts the kneeling Walter von Reifenberg , in front of him the helmet with the donkey ears unusual as a crest ornament . Also in the choir in a shrine you can see the rare depiction of the death of the Virgin .
In 1898 Victoria , the widow of the German Emperor Friedrich III. completely restore the church and carry out the last wall paintings with the large representation of the twelve apostles . The last renovation took place in the years 1965–1967.
Bells
Two of the four today's bells date from 1466. They have the chimes f 1 and a flat 1 and both bear the inscription: Maria gotes celle have what I have in a hat . During the Second World War , the two large bells, including the civil bell from 1466, were confiscated. The latter was found again in the Hamburg bell cemetery in 1947 and brought back to Kronberg. In 1956, the ringing was completed again with two new bells of 1 and b 1 (cast at the Rincker bell foundry in Sinn) to create the wake-up motif.
Furnishing
Choir
- Marienaltar (approx. 1440–1450) with the donor couple Frank XII. von Cronberg and Katharina von Ysenburg (last surviving altar of five altars mentioned in 1550, the two donor figures were stolen in 1967 and are considered lost)
- Grave plate Walter Reifenberg d. J. († 1517)
- Monument to Anna von Cronberg († 1549)
- Sacrament niche (1355)
- Grave slab Casimir Heinrich Philip von Bettendorf (end of the 16th century)
- Crucifix (early 17th century)
- Sacrament niche, foundation of Hermann von Cronberg († 1625) and Anna Sidonie Brömser († 1619)
- Choir stalls (15th century) with the coat of arms of Hermann von Cronberg († 1625), his first wife Anna Sidonie Brömser († 1619) and his second wife Magdalena Spiring von Körf († 1623), cheeks and carvings were made at the end of the 19th century . Bought in addition, the choir stalls "reserved" as "manorial chair" for Empress Friedrich
Longhouse
- Pulpit (early 17th century)
- Monument to Philip IV of Cronberg († 1477) and Anna von Handschuhsheim
- Tombstone Johann (Hans) VI. von Cronberg († 1488) and Katharina von Reifenberg
- Philip VI grave monument von Cronberg († 1510) and Katharina von Bach-Bintzburg († 1525)
- Grave monument to Walter von Reifenberg († 1506) and Kunigunde von Hattstein
- Gravestone of Walter von Reifenberg († 1470) and Katharina von Crüftel
- Baptismal font (end of the 15th century)
- Wooden sculpture John the Baptist (ca.1700)
- Marble epitaph for Anna Sidonie von Cronberg, née Brömser von Rüdesheim († 1619), probably by the Mainz sculptor Nikolaus Dickhart
- Italian terracotta relief Christ in the grave (donated by Empress Friedrich)
- Dreifaltigkeitsepitaph donated in 1618 by Leonhard Dietterich and his wife Margareth Eisenbach
- Epitaph offering in the temple donated in 1624 in memory of Leonhard Dietterich (schoolmaster and mayor)
- Oven plate oil miracle of the prophet Elisa (16th century) by Philipp Soldan von Frankenberg († 1569)
Outside
- Gravestone Fridrich Sturm († 1792), “Königl. Prussia. Second Lieutenant "
- Epitaph for Anthonius Hersch and Margareta Fuchs (17th century)
- Fragment of an epitaph for Johann Eberhard von Cronberg († 1617, the last of the wing trunk) and Anna Riedesel von Eysenbach
- Marble epitaph for Empress Friedrich von Adolf von Hildebrand (1903), see photo
organ
The town church received an organ from Franz and Philipp Stumm in 1802 . The instrument had 27 registers, which were divided between two manuals and a pedal . In 1845 Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy played the Kronberg organ. The company EF Walcker & Cie. (Ludwigsburg) built in a new work with 21 registers in 1897, the second manual of which was converted into an upper work by Förster & Nicolaus Orgelbau (Lich) in 1956 . Today's organ was created by the Hillebrand brothers , Hanover, in the old case. It has 32 registers on three manuals and pedal with the following disposition .
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- Pairing : normal pairing
- Playing aids : 3 free combinations, 1 pedal combination
literature
- Church leaders - churches in the Hochtaunus district. Bad Homburg vd Höhe 2006 ( online ; PDF, 4.8 MB).
- Sofie Bauer: Kunstdenkmäler der Herren von Kronberg in: Kronberg im Taunus, contributions to history, culture and art , published by the association for history and local history of the city of Kronberg eV, Waldemar Kramer publishing house, Frankfurt am Main, 1980, ISBN 3-7829-0228 -9 .
- Sofie Bauer: The Johanniskirche in Kronberg im Taunus, a late Gothic hall church and its art monuments , published by the Evangelical Parish Office St. Johann Kronberg im Taunus, Kronberg 1981, 1997.
Web links
- Web presence of the Evangelical Church Community Kronberg
- The Johanniskirche on taunus.info
- Painting by Ferdinand Brütt (1901): Empress Friedrich laid out in the Johanniskirche
Individual evidence
- ↑ Georg Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler , Sofie Bauer, Die Johanniskirche in Kronberg im Taunus, 1981, p. 12
- ↑ S. Bauer, pp. 5–10
- ↑ S. Bauer p. 13
- ^ Franz Bösken : The organ builder family Stumm from Rhaunen-Sulzbach and their work. A contribution to the history of organ building on the Middle Rhine . Mainzer Altertumsverein, Mainz 1981, p. 76 .
- ^ Franz Bösken: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (= contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 7.1 ). tape 2 : The area of the former administrative district of Wiesbaden. Part 1: A-K . Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1307-2 , p. 528-530 .
Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ 48 ″ N , 8 ° 30 ′ 29.9 ″ E