Teatr Wielki (Poznan)
| Teatr Wielki poses | |
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| architect | Max Littmann |
| Architectural style | Neoclassicism |
| construction time | 1908-1910 |
| Spectator seats | 858 |
The Teatr Wielki , also known as Poznan Opera is the largest musical theater in Poznan and since 1949 named after the Polish composer Stanislaw Moniuszko .
history
Between 1908 and 1910, the Munich architect Max Littmann built the building for the new seat of the Poznan City Theater . The Teatr Wielki is located there today. It was inaugurated in 1910 with Mozart's Die Zauberflöte .
After the First World War, it came under Polish management for the first time in 1919. Thanks to the efforts of the nobleman and mayor of Poznan Jarogniew Drwęski, the grand opening of the Polish Opera Theater took place in the theater building on August 31, 1919 , at which important Polish cultural representatives such as Kornel Makuszyński , Bolesław Gorczyński , Emil Młynarski , Zenon “Miriam” Przesmycki and Felicjan Szopski , Michał Tarasiewicz arrived. Gabriela Zapolska had her telegram read out in her absence with the content “Happy, proud and full of hope I am going today with you under the roof of our music theater, the doors of which were closed to us for years and locked to our favorite art…”.
The opening spectacle for the Poles was therefore the performance of the opera Halka by Stanisław Moniuszko under the direction of the first Polish theater director of the Poznan theater scene (Adam Dołżycki). At this historical event were Józefina Zacharska (Halka), Franciszek Bedlewicz (Jontek), Liliana Zamorska (Zofia), Augustyn Wiśniewski (Janusz), Karol Urbanowicz (Stolnik), Jan Popiel (Dziemba), Gabriel Górski (Dudarz), Stanisław Drabik Góral) involved.
In the interwar period , the world premieres of Feliks Nowowiejski's Legendy Bałtyku and Konstanty Gorski's Margier took place here, as well as the Polish premiere of Karol Szymanowski's pantomime ballet Harnasie .
During the war years 1940 to 1945, the building was forcibly merged into the Big House and today's Teatr Polski into the Little House of the "Reichsgautheater Posen". The house was spared major damage during the fighting in 1945 , although it was the German base and afterwards the Soviet artillery commanders established themselves on the upper floors of the theater during the battle for the citadel until February 23, 1945. They stationed military equipment in the basements. On June 2, 1945, the Poznan Opera resumed its official theater operation and was the first opera house in post-war Poland to resume its artistic activities (with Krakowiacy i Górale by Karol Kurpiński). In the audience at that time was Edmund Zalewski , the Polish Minister for Culture. The Poznan Opera finally recorded 76 performances to a sold-out house. Since 1949 the Poznan Opera has been named Teatr Wielki after the Polish composer Stanisław Moniuszko .
Between 2006 and 2011, around 7 million euros were invested in the modernization of the Teatr Wielki in Poznan with the help of European funds , with the public acoustics, stage lighting, fire protection system and access for the disabled as well as the technical equipment in the orchestra pit and in the recording studio being modernized .
From August 31, 1919 until the end of the 2014/15 season, 713 premieres were staged in the largest music theater in Poznan. Between 2001 and 2009 the Teatr Wielki also published the opera magazine Operomania , whose editor-in-chief was Prof. Jarosław Mianowski.
The current artistic director is Gabriel Chmura .
architecture
Max Littmann constructed his theater building in the neoclassical style . As a result, the house facade stands on a huge portico . To the side, two sculptures organize the theater profile: to the left the woman on a lion (symbolizes the poetry ) and to the right the man with a panther running in front of him (symbolizes the drama ). On the entrance stairs are six huge, Ionic columns that support the triangular tympanum . The tympanum is decorated with a pegasus . Originally there was also a quote from the German writer Friedrich Schiller on the tympanum : The dignity of mankind has been given into your hand. Keep them! She falls with you! It will rise with you! which was removed in 1919 immediately after the Polish authorities took over the music theater. To the east is the pavilion, which used to be a restaurant, and to the west is the theater entrance for Kaiser Wilhelm II. The fountain opposite the Teatr Wielki is architecturally part of the theater complex and the direct extension of the Pegasus symbol. The spring Hippocrene , which was sacred to the muses, rises from a hoofbeat of Pegasus , because the enjoyment of its water promoted the genius of the poets.
In the theater building there is a beautifully decorated lobby with foyer and other rooms. The grand and graceful-looking auditorium offers space for 858 people.
Theater directors
- 1910-1919:
- 1919–1920: Adam Dołżycki
- 1920–1922:
- 1922-1929: Piotr Stermicz-Valcrociata
- 1929–1933: Zygmunt Wojciechowski
- 1933-1939: Zygmunt Latoszewski
- 1941–1943: Karl Peter Heyser
- 1945–1948: Zygmunt Latoszewski, Zygmunt Wojciechowski, Zdzisław Górzyński
- 1948–1949: Zygmunt Wojciechowski, Zdzisław Górzyński
- 1949–1953: Valerian Bierdiajew
- 1954–1963: Zdzisław Górzyński
- 1963–1969: Robert Satanowski
- 1969–1972: Mieczysław Nowakowski
- 1972–1978: Jan Kulaszewicz
- 1978–1992: Mieczysław Dondajewski
- 1992–1995: Władysław Radomski
- 1995–2009: Sławomir Pietras
- 2009–2012: Michał Znaniecki
- since 2012: Renata Borowska-Juszczyńska
literature
- Włodzimierz Łęcki, Piotr Maluśkiewicz: Poznań od A do Z , wyd. KAW, Poznań, 1986, pp. 144–145, ISBN 83-03-01260-6
- Marcin Libicki: Poznań - przewodnik , Wydawnictwo Gazeta Handlowa, Poznań, 1997, pp. 188–190, ISBN 83-902028-4-0
- Tadeusz Świtała: Opera poznańska , 1919–1969: dzieje teatru muzycznego, Wydział Kultury i Sztuki Prezydium Rady Narodowej Miasta Poznania, Poznań, 1973
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Tadeusz Świtała: Opera Poznańska, 1919-1969: dzieje teatru muzycznego. Poznań: Wydział Kultury i Sztuki Prezydium Rady Narodowej Miasta Poznania, 1973, s. 543.
- ↑ Tadeusz Świtała: Opera Poznańska, 1919-1969: dzieje teatru muzycznego. Poznań: Wydział Kultury i Sztuki Prezydium Rady Narodowej Miasta Poznania, 1973, s. 543.
- ^ Marian Weigt, Renesans życia kulturalnego , in: red. Tadeusz Świtała, Trud pierwszych dni. Poznań 1945. Wspomnienia Poznaniaków, Wydawnictwo Poznańskie, Poznań, 1970, p.314, ISBN 83-232-0322-9
- ↑ Janina Mrówczyńska: Przemiany w życiu kulturalnym Poznania w latach 1945-1985 , Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań, 1991, pp. 134-135, ISBN 83-232-0322-9
- ↑ Renovation in Teatr Wielki and Polski are finished. Last accessed: June 19, 2015
Coordinates: 52 ° 24 ′ 36 ″ N , 16 ° 55 ′ 3 ″ E